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SrCl<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup> X-선 영상저장 형광체의 발광특성
김성환,김완,강희동,도시홍,서효진,김영국,김도성,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Wan,Kang, Hee-Dong,Doh, Sih-Hong,Seo, Hyo-Jin,Kim, Young-Kook,Kim, Do-Sung 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.6
Photoluminescence(PL), photostimulated luminescence(PSL) and thermoluminescence(TL) in $SrC1_2$:$Eu^{2+}$ , $Na^{+}$ phosphor powder were measured, and the activation energies(trap depth) of traps associated with TL and PSL were investigated. The PL and PSL in the studied sample is due to the $4f^{6}$ 5d\longrightarrow$4f^{7}$transition of $Eu^{ 2+}$. TL glow curve is single peak, and its peak temperature is about 377.2 K. The PL, PSL and TL emission spectra of the phosphors are located in the range of 380∼440 nm, peaking at 408 nm. The activation energy of the PSL trapping center is 0.78 eV and that of the TL trapping center is 0.79 eV. We, thus, suggest that the trapping centers giving rise to the PSL are identical to those giving rise to the TL.
LiF ( Mg , Cu , Na , Si ) 열형광선량계에 의한 베타선량 측정
도시홍,박희대,김도성,강희동 ( Sih Hong Doh,Hee Dae Park,Do Sung Kim,Hee Dong kang ) 한국센서학회 1993 센서학회지 Vol.2 No.2
LiF(Mg, Cu, Na, Si)TLD was prepared by sintering LiF doped with Mg, Cu, Na, and Si, and an extrapolation ionization chamber was fabricated to measure the absorbed dose of β rays. The detection efficiency, individual dose equivalent(superficial)Hy(0.07), depth-dose curve, and energy compensation filter were investigated in the range from 200 keV tcn 2:279 MeV of β ray energies. The TL response was also tested as a function of the grain size in the range of 44∼250 ㎛.
월성 원자력발전소 주변 해양생물중의 조직결합 삼중수소 농도
김도성,박규준,임수경,김완,강희동,도시홍,김창규,Kim, Do-Sung,Park, Gyu-Jun,Lin, Xiu-Jing,Kim, Wan,Kang, Hee-Dong,Doh, Sih-Hong,Kim, Chang-Kyu 대한방사선방어학회 2003 방사선방어학회지 Vol.28 No.1
월성 원자력발전소 주변의 해양생물(해조류와 패류) 시료를 채취하여 조직결합 삼중수소 (OBT) 방사능농도를 측정 분석하였다. 해조류의 OBT 방사능농도는 $0.372{\sim}2.72$ Bq/kg-fresh의 범위였으며, 패류의 OBT 방사능농도는 $0.239{\sim}2.02$ Bq/kg-fresh의 범위였다. 그리고 해조류의 OBT에 의한 내부피폭선량은 $3.4{\times}10^{-7}mSv/year$로 평가되었다. The organically bound tritium(OBT) concentrations of the marine organisms(seaweed and shellfish) around Wolsung nuclear power plants were measured. The OBT concentrations of seaweeds were in the range of $0.372{\sim}2.72$ Bq/kg-fresh. The OBT concentrations of shellfish were in the range of $0.239{\sim}2.02$ Bq/kg-fresh. The internal dose due to the OBT concentration of seaweed was estimated as $3.4{\times}10^{-7}$ mSv/year.
울진원전 근해 해저 퇴적물의 구성성분 및 방사성 Cs 흡착 특성
김영규,김경미,정희진,강희동,김완,도시홍,김도성,Kim Yeongkyoo,Kim Kyung-Mi,Jung Hee-Jin,Kang Hee-Dong,Kim Wan,Doh Si-Hong,Kim Do-Sung 대한자원환경지질학회 2005 자원환경지질 Vol.38 No.6
울진원자력 발전소 인근 해역의 해저 퇴적물에 대하여 광물분석과 함께 $^{137}Cs$의 농도를 분석하였고 이와 더불어 총 유기탄소(total organic carbon, TOC)의 양과 퇴적물의 입자 크기를 분석하여 퇴적물의 특성과 더불어 이들의 상관관계에 대하여 알아보았다. 퇴적물의 입자 크기는 주로 모래크기에 해당되며 $-0.48\~3.6Md\phi$의 분포를 보인다. TOC와 $^{137}Cs$의 경우 각각 $0.06\~1.75\%$와 최소검출활동도(Minimum detectable activity, MDA)$\~4.0Bq/kg-dry$의 범위로 나타나며 평균 방사능의 농도는 $1.15{\pm}0.62Bq/kg-dry$였다. 일반적으로 다른 해역의 경우보다 큰 입자와 작은 TOC의 양과 $^{137}Cs$의 농도가 특징적이다. 본 해역 퇴적물의 구성 광물은 주로 석영과 장석류들(알바이트, 미사장석, 그리고 약간의 정장석)로 구성되어 있으며 미량의 휘석, 방해석, 각섬석 등의 조암광물들과 함께 $10{\AA}$의 피크를 갖는 광물(주로 흑운모)과 일부 녹니석등의 광물들이 혼재해 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 광물 중 흑운모가 가장 대표적으로 $^{137}Cs$의 분포와 상관관계를 보이고 있으며 이는 흑운모의 풍화에 따른 닮은 모서리 자리(frayed edge site, FES) 나 시료에 혼재되어 존재할 가능성이 있는 일라이트 등에 의한 결과로 판단된다. 여러 가지 퇴적물의 특성 중 $^{137}Cs$의 분포와 가장 밀접한 양상을 보이는 것은 TOC의 농도로 이것은 본 해역에서 Cs을 강하게 흡착할 만한 광물이 존재하기 않기 때문이며, 따라서 $^{137}Cs$의 분포는 광물분포 보다는 TOC의 함량에 더 큰 영향을 받고 있음을 보여준다. Mineralogical composition, $^{137}Cs$ activity, total organic carbon (TOC), and particle size of marine sediments near Wuljin Nuclear Powerplant were analyzed and the relationships among those components were investigated. The particle sizes of sediments were equivalent to sand size and in the range of $-0.48\~3.6\;Md\phi$. TOC contents and $^{137}Cs$ activities were in the range of $0.06\~1.75\%$ and minimum detectable activity (MDA) $\~4.0Bq/kg-dry$ with the average value of $1.15{\pm}0.62$ Bq/kg-dry, respectively. The sediments in study area were characterized by large particle size and small TOC contents, and $^{137}Cs$ activity compared with other marine sediments. The main mineral components were quartz and feldspar (albite, microcline, and small amount of orthoclase) with small amount of pyroxene, calcite, hornblende. Minerals with $10{\AA}$ XRD peak (mainly biotite) and chlorite were also identified. Among those minerals, biotite shows the linear relationship with $^{137}Cs$ content probably due to the frayed edge site (FES) on biotite or small amount of mixed illite. However, TOC content shows most linear relationship with $^{137}Cs$ content because no significant amount of clay minerals, which can adsorb significant amount of Cs, were observed in the study area, indicating that the distribution of $^{137}Cs$ in this study area was more significantly affected by the TOC content than mineral composition.
LiF:Mg,Cu,P TLD 의 잠상퇴행과 열처리 특성
도시홍,이우교,유명진,강희동,김도성 ( Sih Hong Doh,Woo Gyo Lee,Myung Jin Yoo,Hee Dong kang ) 한국센서학회 1998 센서학회지 Vol.7 No.5
The thermal annealing, reusability and fading characteristics of the highly sensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P TLDs are investigated. Thermoluminescent sensitivity of the fabricated LiF:Mg,Cu,P TLD is 25.3 times higher than the commercial dosimeter TLD-700(Harshaw Chemical Co.). The main dosimetric peak shows no fading for 1 month at room temperature and 50% for 7 days at 100 ℃. The thermal annealing characteristics is examined in the temperature range from 260 ℃ to 320 ℃. For annealing the TLD at 280 ℃ for 10 minutes, TLDs can be reusable by recovering the initial sensitivity.
X-선 저장 BaFBr<sub>1-x</sub>I<sub>x</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> 형광체의 제조 및 특성
천종규,김성환,김찬중,김완,강희동,김도성,서효진,도시홍,Cheon, Jong-Kyu,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Chan-Jung,Kim, Wan,Kang, Hee-Dong,Kim, Do-Sung,Seo, Hyo-Jin,Doh, Sih-Hong 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.1
The forming conditions of X-ray storage phosrhors $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$ have been investigated, and measured the PSL emission spectra and its intensity, fading characteristics and does dependence of the prepared phosphors. These characteristics were compared with those of commercial image plate (ST-III) obtained from Fuji Photo Film Co. The optimal preparing conditions of $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$ Phosphor were 0.5 mol% of $EuF_3$, 4.0 mol% of NaF and composition ratio x=0.3, and the sintering temperature were $950^{\circ}C$ in $H_2$ atmosphere. When the composition ratio x was equal to 0, the spectral range of the luminescence of $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$ phosphor was $365{\sim}420\;nm$, and its maximum luminescence intensity appeared at 390 nm. When composition ratio x was not equal to 0, the wavelength ranges and peak of the spectra were shifted to the longer wavelength with the growth of composition ratio x. A good linearity was shown between the PSL intensity and X-ray irradiation dose. The phosphor sample with x=0.3 exhibited better fading characteristics than that of other $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$ phosphor samples, and the fading characteristics of the PSL intensity at room temperature were shown poorer with increasing $I^-$ ion concentration. The lattice constant of the phosphor becomes larger with increasing the $I^-$ ion concentration. X-선 저장 형광체 $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$의 조성 조건을 조사하고, 제조한 형광체의 광자극발광 강도, 스펙트럼, fading 특성 및 선량의존성을 조사하였다. 그리고 이 특성을 상업적으로 시판하고 있는 일본 부사(富士)사진필름회사 제품 영상판(ST-III)의 특성과 비교하였다. $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$ 형광체의 최적 제조 조건은 $Eu_F3$ 0.5mol%, NaF 4.0mol% 그리고 조성비 x=0.3 이었으며, 소결온도는 수소 분위기에서 $950^{\circ}C$이었다. 조성비 x=0일 때 $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$, $Na^+$ 형광체의 스펙트럼영역은 $365{\sim}420\;nm$이었고, 최대 발광강도는 390 nm 이었다. $x{\neq}0$일 때 스펙트럼의 파장영역과 피이크 파장은 조성비 x가 증가할수록 장파장쪽으로 이동하였다. X-선 조사선량과 PSL 강도 사이에는 좋은 직선성을 나타내었다. 형광체의 fading 특성은 x=0.3일 때 가장 좋았으며, $I^-$ 이온의 농도가 증가할수록 저하되는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 $BaFBr_{1-x}I_x:Eu^{2+}$ 격자상수는$I^-$이온의 농도가 증가할수록 커졌다.
도시홍,이우교,홍시영,방신웅,강갑중,김도성,김완,강희동 ( S . H . Doh,W . G . Lee,S . Y . Hong,S . W . Bang,K . J . Kang,D . S . Kim,W . Kim,H . D . Kang ) 한국센서학회 1998 센서학회지 Vol.7 No.4
Changes in transmission and thermoluminescent characteristics were used in order to fmd out the optimum growth condition of CsI single crystal scintillators which were made relatively defect-free using Czochralski method. Impurity distribution in the crystals and the intensity and number of thermoluminescent glow peaks decreased as the process of crystallization was repeated. The direction of crystal growth turned out to be (110), the crystal structure of grown CsI was bcc, and its lattice constant was found to be 4.568,1. The activation energy (trap depths) of CsI:3rd was 0.45 eV and its frequency factor was 6.18X 10^5 sec^(-1).
도시홍,이우교,홍시영,방신응,강갑중,김도성,김완,강희동,Doh, S.H.,Lee, W.G.,Hong, S.Y.,Bang, S.W.,Kang, K.J.,Kim, D.S.,Kim, W.,Kang, H.D. 한국센서학회 1998 센서학회지 Vol.7 No.4
Czochralski 방법을 사용하여 격자결함이 적은 CsI 단결정 섬광체를 육성하기 위한 최적육성조건을 구하기 위하여 광투과율의 변화와 열형광특성을 이용하였다. 결정화과정을 반복할수록 불필요한 불순물 분포와 열형광강도 및 glow 피이크의 수가 감소하였다. 결정성장방향은 (110)이었고, 육성한 CsI의 결정구조는 체심입방체이었다. 그리고 격자상수는 $4.568{\AA}$ 임을 확인할 수 있었다. CsI:3rd의 활성화 에너지(trap깊이)는 약 0.45 eV 이었고, 주파수인자는 $5.18{\times}10^5\;sec^{-1}$이었다. Changes in transmission and thermoluminescent characteristics were used in order to find out the optimum growth condition of CsI single crystal scintillators which were made relatively defect-free using Czochralski method. Impurity distribution in the crystals and the intensity and number of thermoluminescent glow peaks decreased as the process of crystallization was repeated. The direction of crystal growth turned out to be (110), the crystal structure of grown CsI was bee, and its lattice constant was found to be $4.568{\AA}$. The activation energy (trap depths) of CsI:3rd was 0.45 eV and its frequency factor was $5.18{\times}10^5\;sec^{-1}$.
Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> 열형광체의 소결공정과 자외선 선량에 대한 TL 특성에 관한 연구
김영국,손인호,김일홍,송재흥,도시홍,강희동,Kim, Young-KooK,Shon, In-Ho,Kim, Il-Hong,Song, Jae-Heung,Doh, Sih-Hong,Kang, Hee-Dong 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.11
$Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb pellets were made by using a sintering process, including pressing and heat treatment. In the present study, the optimum parameters of the sintering for the $Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb pellets obtained such as the pressing pressure, the sintering temperature and the sintering time were in terms of thermoluminescence. Experimental results showed that the main peak of the glow curve for $Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb thermoluminescence dosimeter was clearly correlated with the energy of the UV and with the grain size. The intensity of the TL glow curve increased and its main peak position shifted to lower temperature with increasing UV irradiation time.