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강현철,Kang, Hyunchul 한국정보통신학회 2019 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.23 No.6
부분 기반 영상 표현(part-based image representation)에서는 영상의 부분적인 모습을 기저 벡터로 표현하고 기저 벡터의 선형 조합으로 영상을 분해하며, 이 때 기저 벡터의 계수가 곧 물체의 부분적인 특징을 의미하게 된다. 본 논문에는 부분 기반 영상 표현 기법인 비음수 행렬 분해(non-negative matrix factorization, NMF)를 이용하여 얼굴 영상을 표현하고 신경망 기법을 적용하여 가려진 얼굴을 인식하는 얼굴 인식을 제안한다. 표준 비음수 행렬 분해, 투영 경사 비음수 행렬 분해, 직교 비음수 행렬 분해를 이용하여 얼굴 영상을 표현하였고, 각 기법의 성능을 비교하였다. 인식기로는 학습벡터양자화 신경망을 사용하였으며, 인식기에서의 거리 척도로는 유클리디언 거리를 사용하였다. 실험 결과, 전통적인 얼굴 인식 방법에 비하여 제안한 기법이 가려진 얼굴 인식에 보다 강인함을 보인다. In part-based image representation, the partial shapes of an object are represented as basis vectors, and an image is decomposed as a linear combination of basis vectors where the coefficients of those basis vectors represent the partial (or local) feature of an object. In this paper, a face recognition for occluded faces is proposed in which face images are represented using non-negative matrix factorization(NMF), one of part-based representation techniques, and recognized using an artificial neural network technique. Standard NMF, projected gradient NMF and orthogonal NMF were used in part-based representation of face images, and their performances were compared. Learning vector quantizer were used in the recognizer where Euclidean distance was used as the distance measure. Experimental results show that proposed recognition is more robust than the conventional face recognition for the occluded faces.
순서형 프로빗 모형과 깁스표본 기법을 이용한 고객만족의 측정 및 평가
강현철(Hyuncheol Kang) 한국자료분석학회 2004 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.6 No.1
마케팅 리서치에 있어서 관심 대상이 되는 반응변수가 순서형으로 측정되는 경우가 자주 있으며, 설명변수에 대한 결측값의 처리와 모수에 대한 중요한 사전정보를 동시에 고려해야 하는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법 중 하나로서 순서형 프로빗 모형 및 깁스표본 기법의 주요 개념을 소개하였다. 또한 이러한 기법들을 보다 일반화하여 제시하고, 이를 국내 한 기업에서 고객만족의 평가를 위해 수집된 자료에 적용함으로써 마케팅 관련 연구자들에게 하나의 전형을 제시하고자 한다. In marketing research, the response variable is often not merely continuous or categorical but inherently ordered scale. Also, it is needed that the missing data can be accommodated and managerial knowledge and natural constraints on the model parameter is incorporate. In this paper, we provide a framework and approaches to effectively estimate customer satisfaction model by using the ordered probit model and Gibbs sampling techniques.
특집 1 : 헌법 특집 ; 한국적 입법평가 모델 정착에 관한 소고
강현철 ( Hyun Cheol Kang ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2012 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.22
Due to the growing demand of legislation in Korea, the number of statutes has been sharply increased. Meanwhile, there are still many unrealistic and low-quality statutes which inconvenience people or burden enterprises because they are not modified timely despite of the rapidly changing society. Currently, several impact evaluation systems are being implemented includeing the regulatory impact evaluation similar to a prospective legislation-evaluation and statutory improvement including legislation innovation similar to a retrospective legislation-evaluation. Legislative Evaluation of Continental Legal System and Regulatory Impact Analysis of Anglo-American Legal System are generally understood as the same. In spite of regulatory impact analysis that has been taken effect since 1997 in our country, legislative evaluation is actively under discussion now. But the concept of legislative evaluation is introduced in variety and the discussion of that have no consideration for current regulatory impact analysis. Above all, the concept of legislative evaluation needs to be established for a systematization. The purpose of this report is to define the concept of legislative evaluation in comparison with Impact Assessment of EU, Legislative Evaluation of Continental Legal System, Regulatory Impact Analysis of Anglo-American Legal System, Regulatory Impact Analysis of our country. Four comprehensive and systematic plans should be proposed for the application of legislation-evaluation. First plan is to build a social consensus regarding legislation-evaluation and reinforce cooperation in legislationevaluation research. The second plan is to provide methods for assuring reasonable and professional analysis through strengthening scientific and analytic approach and fostering experts related to legislation-evaluation. The third plan is to organize institutional framework for the application of legislation-evaluation to try applying legislation-evaluation from a national and broad perspective and to decide the main organization like government agency wholly responsible for legislation-evaluation, the type of introduction of system, the object and standard of legislation-evaluation, the direction about mandatory legislation-evaluation and the effect of its result. The fourth plan is to prepare for legal foundation for institutionalization of the application of legislation-evaluation. To stabilize this application of legislation-evaluation, it is necessary to approach step by step preparing elaborately for concrete matters. The first step is to prepare in advance including doing research on legislation- evaluation. The second step is to gather the opinions of people and form public opinion. The third step is to start a pilot legislation evaluation system. The fourth step is to legislate the ground of application of legislation- evaluation. And the fifth step is to fully implement legislation-evaluation system. This paper finally suggests that the issue of accumulated statutes will be solved and an advanced legislation-evaluation system which prevents problematic statutes will be provided, drastically contributing to reduce the number of statutes improve the quality of legislation, if a evaluation model is built and the correctness and scope of analysis is enhanced through applying a authentic legislation-evaluation system to current quasi legislationevaluation systems.
강현철 ( Kang Hyun-cheol ) 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2007 외법논집 Vol.26 No.-
The regime Semi-President compose a compromise between regime President and Parliament. But this regime become the third regime. Therefore, in the theory of constitution, We make researches into the regime Semi-President about a constitutional actuality. Also, now We dispute about the revision of the constitution in Korea for Presidential tenure. We must build up the regime justified for the theory of constitution unmistakable. This thesis make an observation of country into the regime Semi-President; Finland, Weimar, France and Romania. Finland and Weimar study on the regime Semi-President about success and failure a point of view in a constitutional actuality. And This thesis make an observation of Parliament, President and Cabinet with the Prime Minister which has power of a different kind. In general, President of Finland has the most of power among country into the regime Semi-President. The other side, President of Weimar has the most of power in a norm but a constitutional actuality has the least of power. In success and failure of regime is not a norm but a constitutional actuality. The regime Semi-President of France become compromise between regime President and Parliament in tipic.