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      • 국가의 자율성과 개입력 : 한국의 중화학공업화 계획을 중심으로

        김명수 한양대학교 사회과학대학 1988 社會科學論叢 Vol.7 No.-

        Contrary to the conventional image of an "ever-strong" Korean state in the literature, the strength of the Korean state which we could observe in the process of the state-initiated Heavy and Chemical Industrialization (HCI) was far from being strong. Although the state achieved same of its autonomously driven objectives, the shape of the project was not the one which the state intended to have. The particular shape and content of the HCI project compell us to rethink the conventional theories of the "dependent" capitalist state. At the outset of the HCI project, the Korean state had relatively high degrees of state autonomy and intervening capacity at its disposal. The state could initiate the HCI project in accordance with its own purview, most importantly, the development of self-defense industry, the deepening-of industrial structure, and the renewal of decaying political legitimacy of the President Park. The state could wield its discretionary poller over the big business groups, Jaebols, by setting terms of their entry in the HCI project. However, the Korean state put itself into a precarious position vis-a-vis Jaebols by deeply committing itself to the HCI project. The Jaebols aggressive thrust for hegemonic position in the Korean economy paralyed the strategic decision-making apparatus of the state. Incongruence among the strategic units within the state resulted in a series of incongruent state actions and a massive scales of duplicated overinvestment in the HCI sector. The state intervention in realigning the disarray was abortive primarily because the Jaebols refused to follow the state's direction and because a unit of the state apparatus 'revolted' against the state's own action. By then, the autonomy and intervening capacity' of the Korean state vis-a-vis'is the Jaebols had substantially been eroded. It is clear that the terms of alliance between the Korean state and Jaebols underwent a substantial transformation during the course of the HCI project. The case succinctly illustrates that strong state intervention with highly autonomous objectives could undercut the state strength. The above point substantially negates the utility of the static and overall typology of the state strength, either "strong state" or "weak state." It also illustrates the inadequacy of "society-centered" theories of the state, either neo-Marxist theories of "the" class-bounded capitalist state or pluralist theories of the "neutral" state. Since both perspectives deny the possibility that the state could generate and pursue autonomous objectives, both are inadequate in explaining the Korean state's action in the HCI project. Instead, it strongly suggests that it is necessary to conceive the state in its own terms.

      • KCI등재후보

        학업성적, 임상종합평가시험성적 및 의사국가시험성적간의 상관관계

        김명수,어영,이종인,장세진,박기창,박주영,홍인수,강성준 한국의학교육학회 2005 Korean journal of medical education Vol.17 No.1

        Purpose: We analyzed the correlation between the year-end student academic scores (grade score), the trial examination scores, and the Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE) score by correlation analysis and multiple regression method. Methods: Our subjects included 217 graduates between the years 2002 and 2003. Yearly, trial examinations, composed according to the principles of KMLE setting, are performed four times. For correlation and regression analysis, all scores were transformed to the standard score according to the standard score norm. Results: In the regression analysis among each grade scores, the lower grade score always affected the higher grade score. Also all academic grade scores correlated significantly with the trial examination scores and KMLE score in bivariate correlation analysis(P<0.05). But only grade score during the senior years(5th and 6th) affected the trial examination and KMLE score in multiple regression. According to the multiple regressions by each grade score and trial examination score, the 6th grade score and trial exanimation score except the 1st trial examination score have a significant effect on the KMLE score. And we can also establish the regression formula such as [KMLE score]=11.377+0.752*[mean of trail examination] with significant high power of explanation(R2=0.709, P<0.001). Conclusion: Our results show that previous scores always affect the latter scores; and the last score in time sequence is a result of the accumulation of previous education and learning. From this point of view, the trial examination is a useful tool for not only the final assessment of medical achievements but also for preparing for the KMLE.

      • 故障堪耐 多段相互接續鋼의 設計에 關한 硏究

        金明洙 서울産業大學校 1987 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

        多段相互接續綱의 基本 性質은 어느 入-出力雙사이에 單一經路만 存在하는 것이다. 그러므로 어느 한 링크나 스위치의 故障으로 수개의 入-出力雙사이의 經路가 끓기게 되어 故障을 堪耐할 수가 없게된다. MINS의 故障堪耐,信賴性 및 性能을 改善하는 問題는 最近 상당히 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 本論文은 이러한 MINS의 故障堪耐 特性을 提高시키기 위한 方案을 模索해 본 것이다. 이것은 같은 段에 속해있는 스위칭 素子들 사이에 체인 링크를 통하여 入-出力雙 사이에 多重經路가 생기도록한 것이다. A basic property of multistage interconnection networks(MINs) is that there is a unique path between any input-output pair. There is no fault-tolerance because even a single link or switch failure can disconnect paths between several input-output pairs. The problem of improving the fault-tolerance, reliability and performance of MINs has received considerable attention recently. In this paper, a scheme is considered to enhance the fault-tolerance of MINs. It is done by creating multiple paths between each input-output pair of the network through extra chain links between switching elements in the same stage.

      • 슈퍼시스템에서 故障堪耐 相互接續網의 設計에 關한 硏究

        金明洙 서울産業大學校 1986 논문집 Vol.24 No.1

        大規模 竝列/分散 슈퍼컴퓨터시스템의 信賴性은 시스템 構成要素의 故障堪耐 機能에 의해 左石된다. 本論文은 이러한 故障堪耐 機能을 갖도록한 相互接續網인 ESC에 關한 硏究이다. ESC는 GC에 한 段의 스위칭박스를 더 追加함으로서 얻어지며 두 개의 段은 바이패스가 可能하도록 하였다. 이렇게 構成된 ESC는 여하한 單一故障에 대하여 故障堪耐가 됨을 立證하였으며, 故障이 存在하는 경우에도 GC에 使用되고 있는 루팅 태그를 약간 改造하여 1대1 및 브로드캐스트 接續이 수행될 수 있음을 보였다. 또한 ESC는 GC와 마찬가지로 多樣한 사이즈의 서브네트워크로 分割될 수 있음을 確認하였다. The reliability of large-scale parallel and distributed supercomputer systems is a function of the fault tolerance of system components. This paper has presented the ESC network, a derivative of the Generalized Cube (GC) network that has fault tolerance. The ESC is derived form the GC network by the addition of one stage of switching boxes and a bypass capability for two stages. It is shown that the ESC provides fault tolerance for any single failure. Further, the network can be controlled even when it has a failure, using a simple modification of a routing tag scheme proposed for the GC. Both one-to-one and broadcast connections under routing tag control are performable by the faulted ESC. The partitivening ability of the ESC is examined.

      • 마아케팅 活動分析을 위한 새로운 接近

        金明洙 順天大學 1990 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.9 No.-

        Form 1950s, marketing concept, as a management philosophy, has contributed to from the field of marketing to the development of firms. But marketing concept doesn't provide activity for real implementationand is pointed out that ideal policy by marketing concept has a lot of limit to have substantial value. After 1980s, with the deepening of competitive situation every firm attaches importance to marketing and comes to emphasize total marketing activity for the effective competition. To meet the changes of These market circumstances and to overcome the limitations of marketing comcept the academic and business circles come to have much interest in marketing implementation. The raise of marketing ability should be combined with two elements effectively, the adequate marketing strategy and the excellent marketing implementation as strategical marketing which appears as anew marketing emphasize its implementation ability. Accordingly, this study tries to devote actually and to represent useful theory by considering marking strategy and implementation together. For this, frame of analysis for strategical marketing activity is derived, after theoritical system and essence are studied. Marketing activity in manufacturing enterprice is examined closely in relation with marketing policy and company departments and the direction of effective marketing activities especially in total marketing activities is represented. The summary is as follows. Existing strategy of management had got criticism that it could establish strategy against the changes of circumstance but couldn't changes and had reflective character centering on the analysis of results. As stratege of management is carried out in strategic management, the marketing paradime is moved toward strategic marketing. During the high level of growth period centered on marketing concept, the enterprise didn't have to apply all of itself to the market circumstance and could develop and grow only by marketing activities centered on target market and appropriate individual production because there was much opening space of demand. But under the marketing circumstace of low growth, discontinuity and uncertainty, competitor market including potential market was paid much attention and with the intensification of Competition all firms attracted importance to marketing and all company marketing activities. Marketing concept emphasize customer-aiming too much to pay attention to competition though the central function of marketing changes from the selection of goods and market centered on customers to persistent competitive predominence centered on competition. Now, marketing concept can't only accept the changes of function of marketing but consider important constituent factors between realities and the field of study. Finally, on the basis of above criticism about marketing concept marketing appeared and marketing control and every function of management were applied to marketing circumstances. So strategic marketing can be said to be the pergormance of all company marketing activities to meet the situations of companies inside and outside and to secure continual competitive predominence of marketing. Strategic marketing includes three fields of social marketing which attaches social value centering on managerial marketing strategy and competitive marketing strategy to meet competition. As strategic marketing emphasizing total marketing is focused on the way of performing it, this study represents frames of analysis for effective strategic marketing activities. First. To represent future direction by analyzing opportunities and threatenings from market circumstance and to find limitations and possibilities by analyzing weakpoints and strong points from management resources. Second. To derive marketing objectives. Third. To develop marketing strategies. Forth. To develope marketing mix ; concret course of action about strategy Fifth. As a stage of performence, marketing policy and sectional activities are combined. Sixth As a stage of monitoring and evaluating the results of performance, fiteness of marketing strategy and excellence of performance are evaluated. 137. Newman W. H. & J. P. Logan, Strategy, Policy and Central Management, South-Western Publishing Co.(1971)

      • 社會的 마아케팅의 效率的 遂行을 위한 企業行動에 關한 硏究

        金明洙 順天大學校 1986 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.5 No.-

        In recent years people have begun to rise a numfer of questions about marketing concept. One of the major question is whether the marketing concept is really being practiced by business firms, or only given lip service. There is a second, more disturbing doubt raised about marketing concept, one that questinos its validity. Some marketers have raised the question of where the marketing concept is an approciate organizational good in an age of environmental deterioration, resources shortage, explosive population growth, worldwide inflation, and neglected social services. These situation have led in recent years to the call for a new concept to revise or replace the marketing concept, and once again some of the fundamental concepts and dimensions of marketing are being challenged, resulting in further reorientation of marketing thought, which is called "social marketing". Social marketing concept differ from simple marketing concepts by adding two considerations. First, it calls upon the marketer to concentrate on the buyer's need intersrt as well as on their wants. Second, the other consideration add in societal marketing concept is the emphasis one long-run consumer and societal well being. Social marketing is not well-defined until now, but we can understand in the basis which socially responsible marketing pursue the balance of three important considerations; consumer wants, social values and company profits. In other words, its primary focal point is the analysis of social aspeets and their interfaces with income distribution, the ecology, resources and raw materials, and social policies and so marketers should consider the effect of their operations on sociaty as a whole. For the efficient performance of the social marketing concept in business, first of all, manager's thought and management organization should change applicable to social marketing orientation. Product development in social marketing aims at the socio-ecological products. In social marketing, the main issues of advertising and promotion are the consideration of sociality, thuth elevation, and changing directions of contents. The marketers should develop an reverse channcl for recycling wastes, causing contributions to both society and themsel es. They should try to maintain adequate prices in all levels of society and disclose full informations necessary for consumers' purchasing decision making. Conclusivery, besiness efforts for the efficient performance of social marketing can be greaty contributed to the achievement of social objectives and solution of many social problems. It seems that social marketing may play the important role in establishing the social welfare.

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