80년대와 90년대는 어떻게 다른가 1 진정한 ' 역사청산 ' 을 위한 원로목사 박형규의 문제제기 - 저들의 낭패위간 (狼狽爲奸)을 넘어서기 위하여

박형규 사회평론 1996 사회평론 길 Vol.96 No.7

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다공성 금속 샤워헤드가 적용된 상압플라즈마 화학기상증착법을 이용한 저온 다결정 실리콘 증착 공정

박형규,송창훈,오훈정,백승재,Park, Hyeong-Gyu,Song, Chang-Hoon,Oh, Hoon-Jung,Baik, Seung Jae 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.33 No.5

Modern thin film deposition processes require high deposition rates, low costs, and high-quality films. Atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD) meets these requirements. AP-PECVD causes little damage on thin film deposition surfaces compared to conventional PECVD. Moreover, a higher deposition rate is expected due to the surface heating effect of atomic hydrogens in AP-PECVD. In this study, polycrystalline silicon thin film was deposited at a low temperature of 100℃ and then AP-PECVD experiments were performed with various plasma powers and hydrogen gas flow rates. A deposition rate of 15.2 nm/s was obtained at the VHF power of 400 W. In addition, a metal foam showerhead was employed for uniform gas supply, which provided a significant improvement in the thickness uniformity.

알루미늄드로스를 재활용한 캐스타블내화물 제조

박형규,이후인,이진영,Park Hyungkyu,Lee Hooin,Lee Jinyoung 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2003 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.12 No.3

알루미늄드로스의 재활용은 알루미늄 재생지금 제조시에 요구되는 중요한 사항 중의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 재생 알루미늄업체에서 발생된 알루미늄드로스를 처리하여 알루미나질 내화물 원료로 재활용하고자 하였다. 드로스 시료를 크기에 따라 선별하고, 1 mm보다 작은 크기의 드로스를 수산화나트륨 용액으로 침출하여 드로스 중의 잔류 알루미늄을 용액 중으로 분리 추출하고, 침출용액에서 석출반응에 의하여 수산화알루미늄을 회수하였다. 드로스 중의 금속알루미늄을 회수한 후 발생된 침출잔사는 수세, 건조, 배소와 같은 일련의 처리를 하여 드로스 중의 잔류 금속성분을 산화물 형태로 변환시켰다. 배소 처리한 드로스 잔사를 골재 및 점결제와 배합하여 알루미나질 캐스타블내화물을 만들고, 굽힘강도와 압축강도를 시험한 결과 KS 기준치인 굽힘강도 $25\;kg/\textrm{m}^2$ 이상, 압축강도 $80\;kg/\textrm{cm}^2$ 이상을 만족하였다. 본 연구결과를 알루미늄드로스를 효율적으로 재활용할 수 있는 한가지 방안으로 제안하고자 한다. Recycling of aluminum dross is an important issue in the secondary aluminum industries. In this study, aluminum dross generated in the domestic secondary aluminum industry was processed to use it as raw material for producing alumina refractories. Sample dross was classified according to its size. The dross smaller than 1 mm was leached with sodium hydroxide solution to extract the remained aluminum from the dross into the solution. and then aluminum hydroxide precipitate was recovered from the leach liquor. The waste residue in the leaching was washed, dried and roasted. Most remained metallic components in the residue was changed into oxide through the processes. The roasted dross was made into alumina castable refractories by mixing with aggregates and a binder. Bending strength of the tested castable specimen was over $25\;kg/\textrm{m}^2$ and compressive strength over $80\;kg/\textrm{cm}^2$, which satisfied the Korean Standard value respectively. From the results, it was suggested that this process could be applicable to recycling of aluminum dross.

희토류금속(稀土類金屬) 제련기술(製鍊技術) 개요

박형규,이진영,조성욱,김준수,Park, Hyung-Kyu,Lee, Jin-Young,Cho, Sung-Wook,Kim, Joon-Soo 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2012 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.21 No.3

희토류 금속의 제련은 광석에서부터 파분쇄, 선별과정을 거쳐 정광을 만들고, 정광 중의 희토류 성분을 추출하고 성분별로 분리하는 분리정제공정을 거쳐 희토류산화물이나 염화물과 같은 희토류화합물을 제조한 다음 희토류화합물에서 금속을 추출해내는 환원과정을 거친다. 본 고에서는 대표적 희토류 광물로서 불탄산염계광물인 바스트나사이트(bastnasite, ((RE)($CO_3$)F)와 인산염계 광물인 모나자이트(monazite,(RE)($PO_4SiO_4$))의 분해 침출과 분리정제 방법에 대해서 간략히 기술하고, 분리공정의 산물인 희토류화합물에서부터 범용 희토류금속 제조법으로 사용되고 있는 금속열환원법과 용융염전해법에 대하여 개략적인 내용을 소개하였다. Rare earth metals have been made from rare earth compounds which were prepared from rare earth ore concentrates through successive processes such as leaching(i.e. extraction of rare earth elements to liquid media), separation, purification, precipitation. Here, process for treating monazite and bastnasite ore concentrates were briefly reviewed, and metallothermic reduction and fused salt electrolysis methods were introduced as the extraction technologies for rare earth metals.

망간단괴 용융환원 폐슬래그의 재활용 방안

박형규,남철우,김성돈,Park, Hyungkyu,Nam, Chulwoo,Kim, Sungdon 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2014 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.23 No.4

심해저 망간단괴를 용융환원 제련시 발생된 슬래그에 규사와 cokes를 일정량 배합하여 아크로에서 재용융하여 Fe-Si-Mn 합금철을 제조하는 과정에서 발생하는 2차 슬래그는 아직 특정 용도가 개발되지 않은 폐슬래그로 취급되는데, 이 폐슬래그의 재활용 방안에 대하여 요업 원료로의 활용가능성과 건설재료로의 활용가능성을 검토하였다. 망간단괴 폐슬래그를 포틀랜드시멘트, 캐스타블내화물과 같은 요업원료로 사용하는 것은 조성 차이가 많아서 직접적인 활용이 곤란하고, 다른 활용방법으로서 폐슬래그를 도로 노반재나 성토재 및 복토재 등과 같은 건설재료로 활용하는 것이 무난하다고 판단된다. 도로 건설재료로 사용시 혹시 있을지도 모를 토양 오염에 대비하여 유해물질들에 대한 용출시험을 KS 기준에 따라 수행한 결과 폐슬래그의 무해성을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 망간단괴 폐슬래그를 도로 성토재나 노반재와 같은 건설재료로 활용하는 방안을 제안코자 한다. Slags generated in the smelting reduction of deep sea manganese nodule could be utilized as an additional materials for making Fe-Si-Mn alloys by mixing with cokes and re-smelting at an arc furnace. In this re-melting process slag is also generated, and the secondary slag is treated as waste. In this survey, recycling of the waste slag of Mn nodule was studied. It is tried to utilize the waste slag as ceramic materials or construction materials. However, it is difficult to use the waste slag directly as an additional material to ceramics such as portland cement or castable refractory material due to the much difference of chemical compositions. As an altercation road constructing material is considered, and toxicity on the soil of the waste slag was tested according to Korean Standard for testing permissible amount of toxic substances. The test result was satisfied with the requirements on the standard. So, it should be suggested that the waste slag of the Mn nodule could be utilized as constructing materials such as road filler or base materials.

Mixed Carcinoma as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Submucosal Invasive Gastric Carcinoma

박형규,이경영,유문원,황태숙,한혜승 대한의학회 2016 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.31 No.6

Mixed carcinoma shows a mixture of glandular and signet ring/poorly cohesive cellular histological components and the prognostic significance of each component is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the significance of the poorly cohesive cellular histological component as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis and to examine the diagnostic reliability of endoscopic biopsy. Clinicopathologic characteristics of 202 patients who underwent submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma resection with lymph node dissection in 2005-2012 were reviewed. Mixed carcinoma accounted for 27.2% (56/202) of cases. The overall prevalence of lymph node metastasis was 17.3% (35/202). Lymphatic invasion (P < 0.001), family history of carcinoma (P = 0.025), tumor size (P = 0.004), Lauren classification (P = 0.042), and presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component (P = 0.021) positively correlated with the lymph node metastasis rate on univariate analysis. Multivariate analyses revealed lymphatic invasion, family history of any carcinoma, and the presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component to be significant and independent factors related to lymph node metastasis. Review of preoperative biopsy slides showed that preoperative biopsy demonstrated a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 100% in detecting the presence of the poorly cohesive cellular histological component, compared with gastrectomy specimens. The presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component was an independent risk factor associated with lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma. Endoscopic biopsy had limited value in predicting the presence and proportion of the poorly cohesive cellular histologic component due to the heterogeneity of mixed carcinoma.

국내(國內) 금속캔 리싸이클링 현황(現況)

박형규,Park, Hyung-Kyu 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2008 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.17 No.6

금속캔은 리싸이클링이 용이한 포장용기로서 자원이 부족한 우리로서는 금속 폐캔을 효율적으로 리싸이클링하는 것은 자원재활용 측면에서 매우 중요한 일이다. 금속캔은 재질에 따라 스틸캔과 알루미늄캔으로 분류되는데, 국내의 경우에는 스틸캔이 80% 이상을 차지하고 있다. 본 고에서는 최근 몇 년 간의 금속 캔 생산과 발생된 폐캔의 재활용 현황과 처리방법을 알루미늄캔과 스틸캔별로 조사하였다. 2007년 스틸캔의 경우에는 중량비로 재활용율이 75.6%였고, 알루미늄캔은 74%로서 금속캔 전체로는 75.4%의 재활용율을 기록하였다. It is necessary that used metallic can should be recycled from the point of view of environmental preservation and resource recycling. Metallic can is classified into steel can and aluminum can according to the can body material. In Korea above eighty percent of cans are made from steel. In this article, production of cans and current status on the recycling of the used cans in recent years were surveyed. Recycled weight ratio of steel and aluminum can was about 75.6% and 74%, respectively in 2007. And totally it reached 75.3%.

알루미늄 페드로스 재활용 파일롯트플랜트 시운전 결과

박형규,이후인,최영윤,Park, Hyung-Kyu,Lee, Hoo-In,Choi, Young-Yoon 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2005 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.14 No.4

알루미늄 폐드로스는 알루미늄 용해 시에 발생되는 주요 폐기물로서 주요 성분은 알루미늄이며 또한 상당량의 금속 알루미늄이 잔류한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 재생 알루미늄업체에서 발생된 알루미늄 폐드로스를 수산화나트륨 용액으로 침출하여 폐드로스 중의 잔류 알루미늄을 용액 상으로 침출, 분리시키고, 침출용액 중에서 알루미늄 성분을 수산화알루미늄으로 회수하였으며 침출 여과 시에 발생된 폐드로스 잔사는 수세, 건조, 배소 과정을 거쳐 알루미나질 세라믹 원료로 재활용하였다. 또한, 1일 4톤의 알루미늄 폐드로스를 처리할 수 있는 규모의 파일롯트 플랜트를 건설하였으며, 시운전을 통하여 개발기술의 재현성을 확인함으로써 연구결과의 상용화 가능성을 제시하였다. Waste aluminum dross is a major waste in the aluminum scrap smelters and its major components are alumina and metallic aluminum. In this study, waste aluminum dross was leached with sodium hydroxide solution to extract the remained aluminum into the solution, and aluminum hydroxide was recovered from the leached solution. The dross residue generated at the leaching step was recycled into alumina base ceramic materials through a series of treatments such as washing, drying and roasting. Also, a pilot plant was constructed and tested to demonstrate the developed technology. Four tons of waste aluminum dross could be processed per day. From the test run of the pilot plant, it was confirmed that the developed technology could be applied to commercialization.

알루미늄 폐드로스로부터 수처리응집제용 염화알루미늄 제조

박형규,최영윤,엄형춘,배동수,Park, Hyung-Kyu,Choi, Young-Yoon,Eom, Hyoung-Choon,Bae, Dong-Su 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2006 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.15 No.5

국내 알루미늄 재생업체에서 알루미늄 용해시 발생되는 알루미늄 폐드로스를 사용하여 수처리응집제로 사용되는 폴리염화알루미늄(PAC: Poly Aluminium Chloride)를 제조하였다. 알루미늄 폐드로스를 염산과 반응시켜 폐드로스 중에 잔류하는 금속알루미늄을 PAC용액으로 제조함으로써 수산화알루미늄과 염산을 원료로 사용하여 PAC를 제조하는 종래의 방법에 비해 제품의 원료비를 줄일 수 있고, 알루미늄 폐드로스를 재활용함으로써 매립 등으로 폐기시켜야 할 폐드로스의 양을 줄이는 효과가 있다. Waste aluminum dross was leached with hydrochloric acid to prepare PAC, poly aluminium chloride, used as water treatment chemicals. Metallic aluminum remained in the waste aluminum dross was dissolved into the hydrochloric acid solution. The solution could be used as PAC after adjusting the required alumina concentration and the basicity. Comparing to the conventional method far preparation of PAC using aluminum hydroxide, material cost could be saved in this method. Also, there is an additional merit in view of recycling of the waste aluminum dross by reducing the amount of waste dross to be landfilled.

한자+한자문화 칼럼 : 어문정책 전환의 요구

박형규 전국한자교육추진총연합회 2005 한글한자문화 Vol.75 No.-