Adaptive Importance Channel Selection for Perceptual Image Compression

( Yifan He ),( Feng Li ),( Huihui Bai ),( Yao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.9

Recently, auto-encoder has emerged as the most popular method in convolutional neural network (CNN) based image compression and has achieved impressive performance. In the traditional auto-encoder based image compression model, the encoder simply sends the features of last layer to the decoder, which cannot allocate bits over different spatial regions in an efficient way. Besides, these methods do not fully exploit the contextual information under different receptive fields for better reconstruction performance. In this paper, to solve these issues, a novel auto-encoder model is designed for image compression, which can effectively transmit the hierarchical features of the encoder to the decoder. Specifically, we first propose an adaptive bit-allocation strategy, which can adaptively select an importance channel. Then, we conduct the multiply operation on the generated importance mask and the features of the last layer in our proposed encoder to achieve efficient bit allocation. Moreover, we present an additional novel perceptual loss function for more accurate image details. Extensive experiments demonstrated that the proposed model can achieve significant superiority compared with JPEG and JPEG2000 both in both subjective and objective quality. Besides, our model shows better performance than the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image compression methods in terms of PSNR.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phenylethanoids from Acanthus ilicifolius var. xiamenensis

Yifan Zhang,Jinhuang Shen,Xinhua Ma,Yubin He,Yonghong Zhang,Dairong Cao 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.2

Acanthus ilicifolius var. xiamenensis is a traditional herbal medicine in China. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activities of active ingredients of A. ilicifolius var. xiamenensis were investigated in RAW 264.7 cells and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Results showed that n-butanol extract exerted antiarthritic potential by reducing paw edema, arthritis score, and altered hematological and biochemical parameters in experimental rats. Phytochemical studies on n-butanol extract resulted in the isolation of five alkaloids (1–5) and five phenylethanoids (6–10). The anti-inflammatory assay of compounds 1–10 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells indicated that phenylethanoids 9 and 10 exhibited notable inhibitory activities. The result indicated that compounds 9 and 10 attenuated inflammation by decreasing the production of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, inhibitory subunit of NF kappa B alpha, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-mediated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Phenylethanoids 9 and 10 increased the expression of interleukin-10 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Therefore, compounds 9 and 10 showed anti-inflammatory activity by regulation of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways.

Changpingibacter yushuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from fluvial sediment in Qinghai Tibet Plateau of China

Jiao Yifan,Zhang Sihui,Yang Jing,Lai Xin-He,Dong Kui,Cheng Yanpeng,Xu Mingchao,Zhu Wentao,Lu Shan,Jin Dong,Pu Ji,Huang Ying,Liu Liyun,Wang Suping,Xu Jianguo 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.2

Two facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, unknown bacterial strains (JY-X040T and JY-X174) were isolated from fluvial sediments of Tongtian River in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, China. Cells formed translucent, gray, round and convex colonies, with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm after 5 days of incubation at 30°C on brain heart infusion-5% sheep blood agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain JY-X040T and Fudania jinshanensis 313T is 93.87%. In the four phylogenetic trees constructed based on the 16S rRNA gene and 423 core genes, the two isolates form an independent branch, phylogenetically closest to F. jinshanensis 313T, but could not be classified as a member of the genus Fudania or any other genus of the family Arcanobacteriaceae. The DNA G + C content of strain JY-X040T was 57.8%. Calculation results of average nucleotide identity, digital DNADNA hybridization value and amino acid identity between strain JY-X040T and F. jinshanensis 313T are 69.9%, 22.9%, and 64.1%. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0 (23%) and C18:1ω9c (22%). The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A5α (L-Lys-L-Ala-L-Lys-D-Glu). The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and four unidentified components. The whole-cell sugars contained rhamnose and ribose. MK-10(H4) was the sole respiratory quinone. The minimum inhibitory concentration of streptomycin was 32 μg/ml. All physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics support that strains JY-X040T and JY-X174 represent members of a novel species in a new genus, Changpingibacter yushuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is JY-X040T (GDMCC 1.1996T = KCTC 49514T).

Investigation of the interstitial oxygen behaviors in vanadium alloy: A first-principles study

Xingming Zhang,Yifan Li,Qiaoling He,Ruilian Li,Lei Deng,Liang Wang,Xunlin Liu,Jianfeng Tang,Huiqiu Deng,Wang-Yu Hu 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.2

This study aims at characterizing the interstitial Oxygen (O) behaviors in the Vanadium (V) Alloy by means of the first-principles calculations. For this, the interations between vacancy (Vac) and O interstitil atom are studied in detail to obtain the binding energies and stable structures of the complexes. It can be seen that monovacancy binding with two O atoms occupied the opposing octahedral stie are particularly stable, and is liable to form VacO2 cluster in the V alloys. According to the mass action analysis, the predicted temperature dependence of the concentration for VacOn complexes are presented. Apart from monovacancy, we also consider the trapping behavior of vacancy cluster on the O atoms. The results also prove that one vacancy can trap two O atoms in the V alloys. Based the diffusion theory, we obtain the diffusion coefficients as a function of temperature with or without the vacancy effect in the V alloys. The predicted O diffusion coefficients in defect-free V alloys from our first-principles calculations are in excellent ageement with the experimental data, meanings that the vacancy-limited mechanism does not play the key role for O diffusion in V alloys. Regarding the interactions between vacancy, solutes and O atom, combining with the diffusion barriers of O affected by vacancy and solute, we infer the formation mechanism of the precipitates in the V alloys.

An Analysis of Indian Mentality towards China under the COVID-19 Pandemic

Juan Hu,Yifan Zhang,Yongjie He 한국국회학회 2020 한국과 세계 Vol.2 No.2

아시아에서 인구가 많고 영향력이 있는 두 국가인 중국과 인도의 관계는 지역 평화의 안정뿐만 아니라 세계적 국제정치차원에서도 중요한 역할을 한다. 2019년말 COVID-19 전염병 시작한 후 전 세계는 펜데믹의 영향을 크게 받았으며 이로 인해 인도의 경제도 역시 불안정해졌다. 인도의 국내 정치 및 경제도 크게 나빠졌으며, Narendra Modi 정부의 통치 기반도 크게 흔들고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 인도는 중국에 대한 태도를 바꿨다. 국내정치의 모순을 해결하기 위해 일부 인도정치 단체는 중국을 그 표적으로 삼았다. 2020년 5-6월에 중국군과 인도군이 Galavan Valley 경계 지역에서 충돌하면서 사상자가 발생하였고 이 사건으로 중국-인도 관계는 다시 악화되었다. 현재 중국과 인도는 잠시 Zero-Sum 게임에 빠졌지만, 전염병에 맞서기 위해 양국은 서로 협력이 필요한 파트너가 되어야 한다. 이 논문은 코로나 19 확산 이후 인도의 대중국 사고방식의 변화를 분석하고 중국-인도 관계 증진을 위해 몇 가지 의견을 제시하고자 한다. As two populous & influential countries in Asia, Sino-Indian relation plays an important part not only in regional peace and stability, but also at the global level. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic by the end of 2019, the global situation has been considerably affected by the Pandemic, the Indian economy has also been greatly de-stabilized. Domestic contradictions have accumulated and seriously shaken the ruling foundation of Narendra Modi s government. Under such circumstances. India s attitude towards China also fluctuated greatly. In order to transfer domestic contradictions, some political interest groups in India targeted on China. In May-June 2020, the Chinese and Indian armed forces clashed at the border area of the Galwan Valley, resulting in serious casualties, and the Sino-Indian relations have resurfaced. Apart from the inherent differences. India s attitude towards China was also a major inducement during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Under the COVID-19 epidemic, China and India were not two sides in the zero-sum game, but partners who needed further cooperation to combat the Pandemic. This paper analyzes the changes of India s mentality towards China after the outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic, and makes some thoughts on promoting Sino-Indian relations.

Systematic Comparison of Linear Feature Extraction Methods for Classification of Hyperspectral Images with Noises

Farid Muhammad Imran,Mingyi He,Yifan Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.9

Hyperspectral Image processing is usually time consuming, due to its huge data size. Nowadays Hyperspectral Imaging is used in many fields where real-time solutions are required. A systemic comparison study of linear feature extraction methods for classification of hyperspectral images with various types of noises is carried out in this paper, in which the performance of different linear feature extraction methods for classification and their computation cost reduction are compared. In practice, hyperspectral images are often contaminated by different types of noises, as the atmosphere around hyperspectral cameras may change all the time. In this paper, to make it more realistic, different types of noises, including Salt-and-Pepper noise, Gaussian noise, Speckle noise and their mixtures, are artificially imposed on the hyperspectral image. Support Vector Machine based classification is employed for classification performance comparison. The experimental results are very helpful for selecting linear feature extraction methods for classification of hyperspectral images that are usually affected with noises.

CO2 Adsorption on the B12N12 Nanocage Encapsulated with Alkali Metals: A Density Functional Study

Haiyan Zhu,Qiyan Zhang,Qinfu Zhao,He Zhao,Yifan Feng,Bingbing Suo,Huixian Han,Qi Song,Yawei Li,Wenli Zou,Haiyan Zhu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.3

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out to study the capacity of the B12N12 nanocage encapsulated with alkali metals (Li, Na, K) for the CO2 adsorption and activation. It is found that after encapsulating alkali metals, the alkali metal atoms are closer to one side of clusters instead of exactly lying at the center, and a considerable charge transfers from the inner alkali metal atoms to the B12N12 cage. Besides, the HOMO–LUMO gap (HLG) values of Li@B12N12, Na@B12N12 and K@B12N12 are decreased to about 6 eV, being much smaller than that of the pristine B12N12. Although the geometry structure parameters and the energy differences of M06-2X are slightly different from the ones of ωB97X-D, some identical results of two kinds of functional can be obtained. CO2 can be adsorbed chemically and physically on majority bonds of all the clusters, except for some bonds with large change in bond length and bond indices. The encapsulation of alkali-metal atoms may enhance the physical and chemical adsorption of CO2 on the surface of the clusters, in which Na@B12N12 and K@B12N12 are the most powerful physical and chemical adsorbent for CO2, respectively.

Lipids, Anthropometric Measures, Smoking and Physical Activity Mediate the Causal Pathway From Education to Breast Cancer in Women: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Hongkai Li,Lei Hou,Yuanyuan Yu,Xiaoru Sun,Xinhui Liu,Yifan Yu,Sijia Wu,Yina He,Yutong Wu,Li He,Fuzhong Xue 한국유방암학회 2021 Journal of breast cancer Vol.24 No.6

Purpose: We aimed to investigate whether obtaining a higher level of education was causally associated with lower breast cancer risk and to identify the causal mechanism linking them. Methods: The main data analysis used publicly available summary-level data from 2 large genome-wide association study consortia. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis used 65 genetic variants derived from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium as instrumental variables for years of schooling. The outcomes from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) were the overall breast cancer risk (122,977 cases/105,974 controls in women) and the two subtypes: estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer and ER-negative breast cancer. Fixed and random effects inverse variance weighted methods were used to estimate the causal effects, along with other additional MR methods for sensitivity analyses. Results: Results showed that each additional standard deviation of 4.2 years of education was causally associated with a 27% lower risk of ER-negative breast cancer (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.84; p-value < 0.001). This finding was consistent with the results of the sensitivity analyses. Physical activities can help improve the protective effect of education against breast cancer, with relatively large mediation proportions. Education increases the risk of ER-positive breast cancer due to alterations in high-density lipoprotein level, triglyceride level, height, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, and smoking status, with relative medium mediation proportions. Other mediators including low-density lipoprotein, hip circumference, number of cigarettes smoked per day, time spent performing light physical activity, and performing vigorous physical activity for > 10 minutes explain a small part of the causal effect of education on the risk of developing breast cancer, and their mediation proportion is approximately 1%. Conclusion: A low level of education is a causal risk factor in the development of breast cancer as it is associated with poor lipid profile, obesity, smoking, and types of physical activity.