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RhoGDI2 induced malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer cells via regulating Snail expression
Yi Bin,Hu You,Zhu Dongming,Yao Jun,Zhou Jian,Zhang Yi,He Zhilong,Zhang Lifeng,Zhang Zixiang,Yang Jian,Tang Yuchen,Huang Yujie,Li Dechun,Liu Qiuhua 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.5
Background: Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) has been shown to contribute to the aggressive phenotypes of human cancers, such as tumor metastasis and chemoresistance. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of RhoGDI2 on tumor progression and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: The expression of RhoGDI2 in pancreatic cancer cells was detected by Western blot analysis. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were done to examine the malignant phenotypes of the RhoGDI2-expressing or RhoGDI2-depleting cells. The correlation between RhoGDI2 and Snail was also analyzed. Results: Differential expression of RhoGDI2 protein in pancreatic cancer cell lines was identified. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments showed that RhoGDI2 induced the malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer cells, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and gemcitabine (GEM) chemoresistance. The upregulation of RhoGDI2 stimulated the expression of Snail, resulting in the altered expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and mesenchymal marker Vimentin, which were characteristics of the tumorigenic activity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The expression of RhoGDI2 and Snail was upregulated in clinical tumor samples, and higher expression of RhoGDI2 or Snail was significantly associated with poor patient survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Conclusion: The findings indicated that RhoGDI2 promoted GEM resistance and tumor progression in pancreatic cancer and that RhoGDI2 might be a potential therapeutic target in patients with PDAC.
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The Prospects of International Cities in China
Yi Xing Zhou 한국지역학회 1999 지역연구 Vol.15 No.2
Since 1980`s, there have been two trends that obviously developed in the world- economics globalization and urban internationalization. China, with its reform and opening-up policy and rapid economic growth, keeps pace with these two trends. The term "International City" has no putative standard or definition. If we make an analogue of urban functional hierarchy in the world with a pyramid, the International Cities are the few elites on its top. The highest level international cities can be called "World City" or "Global City". In today`s new international division of labor, they are diversified leading cities with control capacity on a world scale, like New York, London, and Tokyo. The secondary international cities are either diversified cities with influence and regulative functions on multinational scale or specialized cities on politics, economics, culture, or other aspects with worldwide impact. Judged by different criteria, there is no city that is qualified as International City with the exception of Hong Kong, which was returned to the P. R. of China in 1997. Nevertheless, Some favorable conditions for the development of the international city still exist in China. This country is already the sixth largest economic entity in the world, and the second largest one if GNP estimated by ppp. Furthermore its import and export value make up for 40% of its GNP, indicating that China is rapidly merging into global economy. In this 1.2 billion-population country, the difference of economic levels between urban and rural, coastal and inland regions is so big that a few metropolises in the coastal region have the possibilities and potentials to develop into international: cities regardless of rather low GNP per capita of the whole country. This article will focus on analysis from several perspectives, such as the proportion of foreign trade value in GDP, the proportion of imports and exports by foreign funded enterprises in total foreign trade value; distribution of the 500 largest foreign-funded enterprises; distribution of the 500 enterprises with largest import and export value; distribution of foreign computer and telecom companies with offices in China; the number of outward flights per week and the international tourists; the value of foreign capital used in cities and so on. From this analysis, it is predicted that Chinese international cities will surely emerge from the eastern coastal regions and they must be the core cities of metropolitan interlocking regions that have been formed or in the process of forming. Those international cities will arise from south to north in turn : Hong Kong-Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing-Tianjin, and perhaps the last one is Dalian-Shenyang. The other side of this issue is that there is a long way for the coming international cities in China except Hong Kong. At least China and these core cities must continually devote to (1) improve the regional composition of foreign capital sources. (2) improve the composition of export commodities. (3) improve the investment environment (including hard and soft environment) to attract more transnational corporations to settle, (4) deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises and establish Chinese own transnational corporations to enter the world market.
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Five new anthraquinones from the seed of Cassia obtusifolia
Yi-Long Xu,Li-Ying Tang,Xi-Dan Zhou,Guo-Hong Zhou,Zhu-Ju Wang 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.6
A phytochemical investigation on the seeds ofCassia obtusifolia led to the isolation of five new anthraquinones,including one aglycon and four glycosides. Thestructures were elucidated by analysis of extensive spectroscopicdata and the results of acid hydrolysis. All theseisolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects againsta-glucosidase, and 1 showed potent activity with IC50value of 185 ± 15 lM.
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Mechanisms of thermally induced deflection of a long-span cable-stayed bridge
Zhou, Yi,Sun, Limin,Peng, Zhijian Techno-Press 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.3
Variation of temperature is a primary environmental factor that affects the behavior of structures. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of normal temperature-induced variations of structural behavior would help in distinguishing them from anomalies. In this study, we used the structural health monitoring data of the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge, a steel girder cable-stayed bridge, to investigate the mechanisms of thermally induced vertical deflection ($D_T$) at mid-span of such bridges. The $D_T$ results from a multisource combination of thermal expansion effects of the cable temperature ($T_{Cab}$), girder temperature ($T_{Gir}$), girder differential temperature ($T_{Dif}$), and tower temperature ($T_{Tow}$). It could be approximated by multiple linear superpositions under operational conditions. The sensitivities of $D_T$ of the Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge to the above temperatures were in the following order: $T_{Cab}$ > $T_{Gir}$ > $T_{Tow}$ > $T_{Dif}$. However, the direction of the effect of $T_{Cab}$ was observed to be opposite to that of the other three temperatures, and the magnitudes of the effects of $T_{Cab}$ and $T_{Gir}$ were found to be almost one order greater than those of $T_{Dif}$ and $T_{Tow}$. The mechanisms of the thermally induced vertical deflection variation at mid-span of a cable-stayed bridge as well as the analytical methodology adopted in this study could be applicable for other long-span cable-stayed bridges.
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Zhou Ting, Onojima Moe, Kameguchi Kenji & Yi Chunli 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2017 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.23 No.1
Although China’s economy has experienced the dynamics of change in recent decades, gender inequality is still persistent, especially in rural areas. The present study aims to depict family structures in rural areas in Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province, and to investigate the status of women in these. Qualitative and semi-quantitative methods were used. Fifty-five married women from three villages of Xining participated in the investigation. A family image test (FIT) and semi-structured interviews were used to gather information on family structures and women’s status in the household. Results indicated that typical patriarchal families were prevalent in rural areas of Xining. Women, especially the young married young ones, were marginalized and were at the bottom of the family hierarchy.
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Yi Tao Zhou 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.12
This paper reports a new method for calculating the active earth pressure acting on inclined rigid retaining wall with inclined backfill, considering wall-soil interface friction angle. Based on Mohr-Coulomb strength theory and Mohr stress circle, new formulae of the active earth pressure and the active rupture angle are derived. The effects of internal friction angle, backfill-surface inclination, wall-back inclination on the active earth pressure and the active rupture angle are investigated. In order to facilitate calculation, special solutions of presented formulae are discussed under various particular conditions. Finally, the calculated results from the presented formula and existing formulae are compared with existing small-scale test results. The comparison shows that the presented method satisfactorily predicts active earth pressure.
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Zhou, Wen-xiu,Hou, Wen-bo,Zhou, Chao,Yin, Yu-xia,Lu, Shou-tao,Liu, Guang,Fang, Yi,Li, Jian-wen,Wang, Yan,Liu, Ai-hua,Zhang, Hai-jun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2021 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.64 No.2
Objective : Shunt infection is a common complication while treating hydrocephalus. The antibiotic-impregnated shunt catheter (AISC) was designed to reduce shunt infection rate. A meta-analysis was conducted to study the effectiveness of AISCs in reduction of shunt infection in terms of age, follow-up time and high-risk patient population. Methods : This study reviewed literature from three databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (from 2000 to March 2019). Clinical studies from controlled trials for shunt operation were included in this analysis. A subgroup analysis was performed based on the patient's age, follow-up time and high-risk population. The fixed effect in RevMan 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for this meta-analysis. Results : This study included 19 controlled clinical trials including 10105 operations. The analysis demonstrated that AISC could reduce the infection rate in shunt surgery compared to standard shunt catheter (non-AISC) from 8.13% to 4.09% (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.58; p=0.01; I2=46%). Subgroup analysis of different age groups showed that AISC had significant antimicrobial effects in all three groups (adult, infant, and adolescent). Follow-up time analysis showed that AISC was effective in preventing early shunt infections (within 6 months after implant). AISC is more effective in high-risk population (OR, 0.24;95% CI, 0.14-0.40; p=0.60; I2=0%) than in general patient population. Conclusion : The results of meta-analysis indicated that AISC is an effective method for reducing shunt infection. We recommend that AISC should be considered for use in infants and high-risk groups. For adult patients, the choice for AISC could be determined based on the treatment cost.
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