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건축공사시방서에서의 KS규격의 국제인증방안에 관한 연구
김경식,이재섭,김용수,이규진,조용훈,최완철,전재열,이현수,구재동,이기환 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1
The purpose of this research is make out construction specifications for International Construction. Using off-shore products incur cost increase and longer delivery term of construction. and inconvenient on International Construction. Expand the range of additional local products conforming to performance. Life Cycle Cost. maintainability. operability. user's acceptability, etc.. And this study is suggest the standard formats and the techniques for construction specification.
Cho, Wan-Seob,Thielbeer, Frank,Duffin, Rodger,Johansson, Emma M. V.,Megson, Ian L.,MacNee, William,Bradley, Mark,Donaldson, Ken Informa UK, Ltd. 2014 Nanotoxicology Vol.8 No.2
<P>Nano materials are commonly functionalized to boost their physicochemical properties. However, there is little known about the impact of these modifications on cellular systems. Herein, we synthesized eight types of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) bearing different functional groups, and investigated their effects on interactions with cellular membranes. As models for particle membrane interactions, hemolysis assays using human red blood cells and culture with A549 cells were utilized. Under protein-free conditions, the NPs showed a wide distribution of zeta potentials (ζPs) which showed a good correlation with their hemolytic potential. However, in the presence of serum or lung lining fluid, the ζPs of all NPs coalesced towards a single common negative value and showed neither hemolytic activity nor cytotoxicity to A549 cells. Lipase and protease treatment of the coronated particles did not restore their reactivity. These result simply proves that particle functionalization influences the stability of the particle corona which, if intact, prevents hemolytic activity and membrane disrupture.</P>
Malignant Aortic Body Tumor in Female Sprague-Dawley Rat
Wan-Seob Cho,Seung Yeul Kim,Mina Choi,Jayoung Jeong,Beom-Seok Han 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.3
A malignant aortic body tumor was diagnosed in a 2-year-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. An oval shaped, rubbery mass approximately 2×3 mm in size was found at the heart base. Microscopically, the tumor was partially encapsulated and it protruded into the endocardium and it had focally infiltrated the myocardium of the left atrium. The tumor cells were partially lobulated with a thin fibrovascular stroma with numerous small nerves. The tumor emboli were seen in the blood vessels of the heart base. The nuclei varied in size and shape, but they were usually eccentric, round to oval and mildly pleomorphic with finely clumped chromatin and one or two prominent nucleoli were present. Rare mitoses, rare multinucleated giant cells, macrophages and peripheral lymphoid aggregates were visible. The individual cells showed degeneration, and necrosis was noted within the tumor mass. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and chromogranin A, and these reactions were consistent with a neuroendocrine tumor. S-100 protein-positive cells that were reminiscent of sustentacular cells occurred singly or in small clusters within the tumor cell clusters.
The natural clinical course of hemodynamically stable adult moyamoya disease
Cho, Won-Sang,Chung, Young Seob,Kim, Jeong Eun,Jeon, Jin Pyeong,Son, Young Je,Bang, Jae Seung,Kang, Hyun-Seung,Sohn, Chul-Ho,Oh, Chang Wan American Association of Neurological Surgeons 2015 Journal of Neurosurgery Vol.122 No.1
<B>OBJECT</B><P>Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease and its natural history is still unclear. The authors aimed to investigate the natural course of hemodynamically stable cases of adult MMD, with the analysis of stroke risk factors.</P><B>METHODS</B><P>Two hundred forty-one patients were included in this retrospective study. One hundred sixty-six (68.9%) were female, and mean age (± SD) at first visit was 41.3 ± 12.0 years (range 18-69 years). Unilateral involvement was identified in 33 patients, and 19 patients (7.9%) had a family history of MMD. According to the clinical presentations, patients were classified into hemorrhagic (n = 62, 25.7%), ischemic (n = 144, 59.8%), and asymptomatic (n = 35, 14.5%) groups. The mean duration of follow-up was 82.5 ± 62.9 months (range 7.3-347.0 months).</P><B>RESULTS</B><P>The annual stroke risk was 4.5%, and the annual risks of rebleeding in the hemorrhagic group and recurrent ischemic events in the ischemic group were 4.3% and 3.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in cumulative stroke risk between the 3 groups (p = 0.461). Risk factors included thyroid disease for overall strokes (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.16-5.67), initial hemorrhagic presentation for hemorrhagic strokes (HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.24-5.17), and initial ischemic presentation for ischemic strokes (HR 2.69, 95% CI 1.15-6.27). Familial MMD was a common risk factor for all types of stroke. Among the 3 clinical groups, the hemorrhagic group showed the worst clinical status at discharge and at most recent follow-up. Twenty-three patients (9.5%) eventually underwent revascularization surgery.</P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B><P>There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of stroke in the different clinical groups; clinical status, however, was most severe in patients with hemorrhagic presentation. In patients who experienced stroke during the follow-up period, the stroke type tended to correspond to their initial presentation. Close follow-up is needed in patients with thyroid disease and a family history of MMD.</P>
Cho, Yu Ji,Han, Jae Yoon,Lee, Sang Gab,Jeon, Byeong Tak,Choi, Wan Sung,Hwang, Young Sil,Roh, Gu Seob,Lee, Jong Deog American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 2009 Comparative medicine Vol.59 No.4
<P>Angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the pathway of angiogenic factor-mediated pathologic angiogenesis in PH remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the temporal expression of angiopoietin (Ang) 1, Ang2, and their receptor (Tie2) as well as VEGF, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) in the monocrotaline-induced PH model. Histologic evaluation showed pathologic vascular remodeling in the arteries of lung sections 1 wk after monocrotaline treatment. Protein levels of Ang1, Ang2, eNOS, iNOS, HO1, and VEGF were increased 1 wk after monocrotaline treatment but Tie2 protein levels were decreased 2 wk afterward. These results suggest that Ang2 mediates vascular remodeling in PH by decreasing Tie2 expression. Therefore, the Ang-Tie2 system may play a role in the pathophysiology of PH.</P>