Korean Dictionaries and Some Model Dictionaries of the World : Critical Essays toward the Plan for a New Korean Dictionary

Lee, Sang Sup,Nam, Ki Shim,Ahn, Sam Huan,Choi, Young Ai,Hong, Chai Song 연세대학교 언어정보개발원 1988 사전편찬학 연구 Vol.1 No.1

After briefly reviewing the history of lexcoigraphy in modem Korea, Nam Kishim tackles many problems created by the general deficiency of current Korean monolingual dictionaries in phonological morphological and semantic points. For example, most Korean dictionaries do not treat such phonological changes as the shortening of the stem vowel ㅓ in 더운, the prenominal form of the adjective 덥다, whose stem vowel ㅓ is pronounced long. He also takes issue with the practice of Korean dictionaries of including all kinds of proper names on little reliable principles : a typical dictionary enters a 600m-high hill while excluding better-known mountains higher than that. Hong Chai-song concentrates on the often misguiding information on transitive / intransitive verbs in current dictionaries. For example, a representative dictionary designates the verb 뛰다 simply as intransitive. But it is quite often used as an transitive also. In the sentence, 철수는 운동장을 뛰었다, 운동장 is the object of the transitive verb 뛰다. How could the compilers miss such an obvious fact? Hong suggests that they may have not been interested in being grammatically informative. A historical survey of the Oxford English Dictionary(OED) is given by Lee Sang-sup, with special emphasis on the vast amount of quotations from real sources contributed by thousands of volunteer readers through several decades and on its unwavering historical principle. A comparison between the OED's definition of Kimchi and a Korean dictionary's 김치 is given, showing the difference of principle in treating the same lexical item. Ahn Sam-huan presents a detailed account of Grimm's Deutsches Wo¨rterbuch which took generations of German lexicographers 133 years from its inception to its completion in 1971. On the basis of his study, Ahn suggests that future dictionary makers should cooperate as a group on a long-range comprehensive project. A moltivolume dictionary is an all-important cultural event for the whole nation, not to be influenced by private commercial interests. Choi Young-ai's survey of Chinese lexicography highlights the now on-going publication of 漢語字典 and 漢語詞典, admirable results of the cooperative effort of hundreds of Chinese scholars, a modus operandi for the Yonsei University graze to adopt in planning a new dictionary of the Korean language.

Preparation and Characterization of Silk Beads for Protein Delivery System

( Sung Kuk Kim ),( You Young Jo ),( Kwang Gill Lee ),( Heui Sam Lee ),( Joo Hong Yeo ),( Hae Yong Kweon ) 한국잠사학회 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.28 No.2

In order to the feasibility of silk materials as protein delivery system, silk beads incorporated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared by dropping silk fibroin extract intodope solution composed of ethanol and dichloromethane. Structural and morphological characteristics of silk beads were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometry. Swelling ratio of silk beads was also measured. Release behavior of prototypical protein, BSA, was studied by observing theelectropheretic phenomenon and release profile. SEM showed that silk beads are spherical with porous interior structure. Infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction confirm that thesilk beads have a b-sheet conformation. The swelling capability of silk beads increased withthe incorporation of the protein. The protein was released from the beads with slow release following an initial burst release. Therefore, silk beads show promise as materials for en casingprotein drugs to be delivered to targets in the human body.

Galvanic Corrosion Assessment of Friction Stir Butt Welded Joint of Aluminum and Steel Alloys

Sam Yaw Anaman,Hoon-Hwe Cho,Hrishikesh Das,Sung-Il Baik,Sung-Tae Hong,Jong-Sook Lee 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.4

Galvanic corrosion assessment of a friction stir welded (FSWed) joint of 5052-H32 aluminum and dual phase (DP) steel alloys is conducted by coupling the top and bottom surfaces of the weld joint with the base metals (BMs) in the presence of a 3.5% NaCl solution. The complex nature of the stir zone (SZ) causes different microstructures and corresponding corrosion behaviors across the top and bottom surfaces of the FSWed joint. From the results, the regions between the DP steel BM and the FSWed joint have larger average potential differences as well as higher corrosion rates due to an increase in martensite content, low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and the presence of the steel pieces in the SZ. On the other hand, the regions between the aluminum BM and the FSWed joint show better corrosion properties with smaller average potential differences and lower corrosion rates, even though the aluminum BM is significantly affected by the chloride ions present in the electrolyte.

Poster Session:PS 1090;Gastroenterology (Gastrointestinal Tract):Primary Malt Lymphoma of Colon; Differential Diagnosis of Colonic Metastasis of Rapidly Growing Poorly Differentiated Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma

( Sung Sam Ha ),( Hyun Soo Kim ),( Jae Woo Kim ),( Hong Jun Park ),( Hee Man Kim ),( Kyoung Joo Lee ),( Hyun Sik Kim ),( Yong Seok Kang ),( Yoo Li Lim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Introduction: Primary colorectal lymphoma is rare, less than 1% of colorectal malignancies and known about 1. 4% of non-hodgekin lymphoma. Also colonic metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma is rare. We describe a rare case of Differential diagnosis of primary MALT lymphoma of the colon with colonic metastasis of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. Case: A 81 year-old female patient presented with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) from local clinic. She had no evidence of cancer at esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) 2 years ago. She had been treated for hypertension and diabetes. Physical examination revealed rectal shelf postive. Her routine blood investigations including tumor markers(i. e CEA, CA19-9) were normal. On EGD, AGC of Borrmann type 3 on posterior wall of upper body were revealed and colonoscopy showed multiple subepithelial masses of cecum, ascending colon and rectum. Computer tomography(CT) and positron emission tomography( PET) showed fiurodeoxyglucose(FDG)-uptakes of stomach, cecum, rectum and adjacent bladder and vagina. Histologically, poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma of stomach was reported, but the colonic biopsy revealed many small to medium sized lymphoid cells and diagnosed MALT lymphoma, featuring CD20 positive and cyclin D1 negative. The patient refused both treatment and follow-up because of her age. Discussion: MALT lymphoma of colon and colonic meatastasis of AGC are very rare. The radiologic differential diagnosis of lymphomatous polyposis of colon is diffi cult especially in rapidly progressive AGC. Also colonic lymphoma taking the form of polyposis is very rare and is almost mantle cell lymphoma, but this case reported MALT lymphoma. In rapidly progressive AGC with rectal shelf positive, the subepithelial tumors of cecum, favoring localization of colorectal lymphoma and multiple nodularity on rectum should be distinguished peritoneal metastasis and other malignancies. This case shows that we should keep primary colorectal lymphoma in mind.

cDNA Cloning and Stage-Dependant Expression of Arylphorin Gene from Chinese Oak Silkworm, Antheraea pernyi

Sang Mong Lee(이상몽),Jae Sam Hwang(황재삼),Nam Sook Park(박남숙),Yong Gyun Kim(김용균),Keun Ki Kim(김근기),Hong Joo Son(손홍주),Hyun Chul Park(박현철),Byung Rae Jin(진병래) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.8

상수리 잎을 먹고 자라는 야생견사곤충의 일종인 작잠의 저장단백질인 아릴포린 유전자의 cDNA를 클로닝하고 발육경과에 따른 유전자발현의 양상을 조사 검토하였다. 작잠의 아릴포린 유전자의 cDNA는 2,112 bp의 ORF(open reading frame)를 포함하여 2,234 bp임을 밝혔다. 작잠 아릴포린 유전자의 cDNA염기서열로부터 아미노산 서열을 검토한 결과 방향족 아미노산인 페닐알라닌(phenylalanine)과 티로신(tyrosine)의 성분이 높은 아미노산 서열구조를 보였으며 ORF로부터 계산한 단백질의 분자량은 83,439 Da 이었다.작잠 아릴포린 저장단백질의 아미노산서열을 다른 곤충의 서열과 그 상동성을 비교 분석한 결과 세크로피아잠(H. cecropia)과는 78%, 담배나방의 알파단량체(M. sexta- α subunit)와는 71%, 담배나방의 베타단량체(M. sexta β-subunit)와는 62% 그리고 가잠(B. mori)과는 64%의 아미노산서열 상동성을 각각 보였다. 또, Northern blot analysis에서 유충 5령기의 중장, 중부실샘, 후부 실샘에서는 아릴포린 유전자가 발현되지 않고 오로지 지방체 조직에서만 아릴포린 유전자가 발현되었음을 확인하였다. 아릴포린 유전자는 특히 종령인 5령 유충의 초기에 발현강도가 높았으며 중, 후기로 갈수록 그 강도가 감소하였다. 하지만 번데기시기에는 흔적 정도의 해당 mRNA가 검출되었으며, 이와 같이 검출된 mRNA는 불활성화된 것으로 추정된다. 이상의 결과에서 작잠 아릴포린 유전자의 cDNA가 클로닝되었으며, 이 유전자는 유충기특이적 발현 및 지방체 조직특이적 발현양상을 보인 점이 본 연구에서 확인되었다. The cDNA cloning and developmental profiles of the mRNA for A. pernyi arylphorin was determined. The complete A. pernyi arylphorin cDNA sequence comprised 2,234 bp (without the poly A<SUP>+</SUP> tail), including an open reading frame of 2,112 bp beginning with a methionine ATG at bp34. The A. pernyi arylphorin contained 704 amino acids which are highly enriched in aromatic amino acids, phenylalanine and tyrosine. The calculated molecular mass of the A. pernyi arylphorin from the ORF was 83,439 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of A. pernyi arylphorin showed 78, 71, 62 and 64% identity with those of H. cecropia, M. sexta α subunit, M. sexta β subunit and B. mori storage protein. In Northern blot analysis, the A. pernyi arylphorin mRNA only in the fat body of the 5th instar larvae was responsible for gene expression of the protein, and the synthetic activity of the mRNA was detected strongly in the early larvae, but not in the middle or late-stage larvae. In addition, a very weak signal in mRNA activity was detected in pupal stages, but this was considered to be inactive mRNA after reviewing the results of the labeling experiment of this protein.

EDFA의 이득곡선을 이용한 광섬유 격자 센서의 파장 변화 실시간 측정 ( Real-Time Measurement for the Wavelength Shift of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Using the Gain Profile of EDFA )

Sung Chul Kang,Hong Yoon,Sung Chul Kim,Seo Won Kwon,Sang Bae Lee,Sang Sam Choi,Byoung Ho Lee 한국통신학회 1998 한국통신학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

Design Consideration of Back-EMF Constant for 3-D.O.F. Spherical PM Motor

Sung-chul Go,Dong-woo Kang,Won-ho Kim,Chang-sung Jin,Sung-hong Won,Sam-young Kwon,Ju Lee 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Culture-Based and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of the Bacterial Community Structure from the Intestinal Tracts of Earthworms (Eisenia fetida)

( Hong Sung Wook ),( In Su Kim ),( Ju Sam Lee ),( Kun Sub Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.9

The bacterial communities in the intestinal tracts of earthworm were investigated by culture-dependent and-independent approaches. In total, 72 and 55 pure cultures were isolated from the intestinal tracts of earthworms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Aerobic bacteria were classified as Aeromonas (40%), Bacillus (37%), Photobacterium (10%), Pseudomonas (7%), and Shewanella (6%). Anaerobic bacteria were classified as Aeromonas (52%), Bacillus (27%), Shewanella (12%), Paenibacillus (5%), Clostridium (2%), and Cellulosimicrobium (2%). The dominant microorganisms were Aeromonas and Bacillus species under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In all, 39 DNA fragments were identified by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis. Aeromonas sp. was the dominant microorganism in feeds, intestinal tracts, and casts of earthworms. The DGGE band intensity of Aeromonas from feeds, intestinal tracts, and casts of earthworms was 12.8%, 14.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. The other strains identified were Bacillus, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Streptomyces, uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium, and uncultured bacterium. These results suggest that PCRDGGE analysis was more efficient than the culturedependent approach for the investigation of bacterial diversity and the identification of unculturable microorganisms.

Favorable effects of ginseng berry aqueous extracts on the ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice

Sang Pil Jang,Yoojin Hong,Young Sam Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

The objective of this study is to observe the anti-osteoporotic effects of ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer, Araliaceae) berry aqueous extracts in mice. Fourteen days after bilateral OVX surgery, GB was orally administered, once a day for 28 days at dose levels of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, dissolved in distilled water, in a volume of 10 ml/kg, and then the changes on the body weight and gain during experimental periods, femur weights, bone mineral density (BMD), bone strength (failure load; FL), mineral contents - calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (IP), and tibia histological profiles and histomorphometrical analyses at sacrifice were conducted with serum biochemistry – osteocalcin contents and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP) activities. As a result of OVX, the increase of body weight and serum osteocalcin levels, decrease of serum bALP activities, femur dry and ash weights, femur Ca and IP contents, BMD and strength were observed as compared with those of sham mice. In addition, the decrease of all histomorphometrical indices indicate the bone mass and structure, and the increase of indices for resorption were also detected in the tibia of OVX control, indicating the increase of bone turnover and decrease of bone formation, the estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. However, these OVX-induced estrogen-deficient osteoporotic signs related to the increases of bone turnover and decreases of bone formation were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by 28 days of continuous oral administration of GB. Especially, GB 500 mg/kg showed favorable inhibitory activities against osteoporosis symptoms induced by OVX as comparable to those of RES 2.5 mg/kg. The results obtained in this study suggest that GB has potent anti-osteoporotic effects in OVX mice. It, therefore, is expected that oral administration of appropriate amounts of GB will be promising as a new potent and novel alternative medicinal food for relieving the osteoporosis in menopausal women, through more detail and plentiful animal studies, in future.

Growth Inhibition and G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Mediated by 25-Methoxyhispidol A, a Novel Triterpenoid, Isolated from the Fruit of Poncirus trifoliata in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Hong, ji-Young,Min, Hye-Young,Guang Hua Xu,Lee, Jong-Gu,Lee, Seung-Ho,Kim, Young Shik,Kang, Sam Sik,Lee, Sang Kook 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2009 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.19

Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae) extracts have been known to possess anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. However, other biological activities, especially, the anticancer potential of extracts of P. trifoliata or its constituents, have not been fully investigated yet. In this study, we have evaluated the antiproliferative effects of a novel triterpenoid, 25-methoxyhispidol A, isolated from the fruit of P. trifoliata against SK-HEP-1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that 25-methoxyhispidol A arrests the cell cycle in the G1 phase at the earlier time and subsequently induces apoptosis of the cancer cells. Further study revealed that the cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase by 25-methoxyhispidol A correlated well with the inhibition of phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, and with the down-regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase cdk4 and the induction of cdk inhibitor p21^(WAF1/Cip1) protein. These findings suggest the potential of 25-methoxyhispidol A isolated from the fructus of P. trifoliata as an antitumor agent against human hepatocarcinoma cells by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis.