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EPC class-1 generation-2 표준의 RFID 태그의 RF/아날로그 설계
조정현,김학수,김시호 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2006 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.14 No.2
RFID는 사용되는 주파수에 따라 ID 확인과 실별, 물류, 전자지불, 출입통제, 교통카드 등에 사용되고 있다. 그중 UHF대역의 RFID 시스템은 유비쿼터스의 대표기술로 인식되고 있으며, 바코드를 대체하는 기술로 그 응용분야가 급속히 증가할 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 논문은 EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 표준을 만족하는 UHF RFID 태그의 구성과 RF/아날로그 전단부 회로 설계를 설계하였다. 본회로는 매그너 칩의 0.25 CMOS 공정 파라미터를 사용하여 설계하였다. RFID systems can identify, trace and manage the objects equipped with a semiconductor tag chip. Tag chip stores and extracts the electronic code in the tag memory through RF signals. A typical RFID system consists of a reader and a number of tags. This paper describes the design of analog circuit of a RFID tag that is compatible with the EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 Protocol.
조재환,김태균,박시현,박준형 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2003 농업경영정책연구 Vol.30 No.3
This paper analyzes urban residents' preference on rural tourism using a survey data. The results show that even though urban residents are unaware of rural tourism, people who have experienced rural tourism set a high value on it. Urban residents are willing to pay about 93,600Won for rural tourism. These results indicate that there is a lot of potential demand for rural tourism. The results of this paper could be an important information to develop the rural tourism.
Shi Hye Jin,Nham Eliel,Kim Bomi,Joo Eun-Jeong,Cheong Hae Suk,Hong Shin Hee,Hyun Miri,Kim Hyun ah,Jang Sukbin,Rhee Ji-Young,Kim Jungok,Kim Sungmin,Cho Hyun Kyu,Wi Yu Mi,Cheon Shinhye,Kim Yeon-Sook,Lim 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.22
Background: Numerous patients around the globe are dying from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While age is a known risk factor, risk analysis in the young generation is lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and mortality risk factors in younger patients (≤ 50 years) with a critical case of COVID-19 in comparison with those among older patients (> 50 years) in Korea. Methods: We analyzed the data of adult patients only in critical condition (requiring high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy or higher respiratory support) hospitalized with PCR confirmed COVID-19 at 11 hospitals in Korea from July 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021 when the delta variant was a dominant strain. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed to identify clinical characteristics. Results: During the study period, 448 patients were enrolled. One hundred and forty-two were aged 50 years or younger (the younger group), while 306 were above 50 years of age (the older group). The most common pre-existing conditions in the younger group were diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and 69.7% of the patients had a body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 . Of 142 younger patients, 31 of 142 patients (21.8%, 19 women) did not have these pre-existing conditions. The overall case fatality rate among severity cases was 21.0%, and it differed according to age: 5.6% (n = 8/142) in the younger group, 28.1% in the older group, and 38% in the ≥ 65 years group. Age (odds ratio [OR], 7.902; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.754–18.181), mechanical ventilation therapy (OR, 17.233; 95% CI, 8.439–35.192), highest creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (OR, 17.631; 95% CI, 8.321–37.357), and combined blood stream infection (OR, 7.092; 95% CI, 1.061–18.181) were identified as independent predictors of mortality in total patients. Similar patterns were observed in age-specific analyses, but most results were statistically insignificant in multivariate analysis due to the low number of deaths in the younger group. The full vaccination rate was very low among study population (13.6%), and only three patients were fully vaccinated, with none of the patients who died having been fully vaccinated in the younger group. Seven of eight patients who died had a pre-existing condition or were obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ), and the one remaining patient died from a secondary infection. Conclusion: About 22% of the patients in the young critical group did not have an underlying disease or obesity, but the rate of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ) was high, with a fatality rate of 5.6%. The full vaccination rate was extremely low compared to the general population of the same age group, showing that non-vaccination has a grave impact on the progression of COVID-19 to a critical condition. The findings of this study highlight the need for measures to prevent critical progression of COVID-19, such as vaccinations and targeting young adults especially having risk factors.
Cho, Hyun Seob,Lee, Jin-Hyung,Ryu, Shi Yong,Joo, Sang Woo,Cho, Moo Hwan,Lee, Jintae American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.61 No.29
<P>Pathogenic biofilms are associated with persistent infection due to their high resistances to diverse antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infects plants, animals, and humans and is a major cause of nosocomial diseases in patients with cystic fibrosis. In the present study, the antibiofilm abilities of 522 plant extracts against <I>P. aeruginosa</I> PA14 were examined. Three <I>Carex</I> plant extracts at a concentration of 200 μg/mL inhibited <I>P. aeruginosa</I> biofilm formation by >80% without affecting planktonic cell growth. In the most active extract of Carex pumila, resveratrol dimer ε-viniferin was one of the main antibiofilm compounds against <I>P. aeruginosa</I>. Interestingly, ε-viniferin at 10 μg/mL inhibited biofilm formation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 by 98%. Although <I>Carex</I> extracts and <I>trans</I>-resveratrol are known to possess antimicrobial activity, this study is the first to report that <I>C. pumila</I> extract and ε-viniferin have antibiofilm activity against <I>P. aeruginosa</I> and <I>E. coli</I> O157:H7.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2013/jafcau.2013.61.issue-29/jf4009313/production/images/medium/jf-2013-009313_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf4009313'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Rhew, Shi Hyun,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Min Chul,Jang, Su Young,Cho, Kyung Hoon,Hwang, Seung Hwan,Lee, Min Goo,Ko, Jum Suk,Park, Keun Ho,Sim, Doo Sun,Yoon, Nam Sik,Yoon, Hyun Ju,Kim, Kye Hun,Hong, Young Jo Chonnam National University Medical School 2012 CMJ Vol.48 No.1
<P>The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients without significant stenosis on a coronary angiogram comparison with the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with significant coronary artery stenosis. A total of 1,220 patients with AMI were retrospectively classified into Group I (≥50% diameter stenosis, n=1,120) and Group II (<50%, n=100). Group II was further divided into two subgroups according to the underlying etiology: cryptogenic (Group II-a, n=54) and those with possible causative factors (Group II-b, n=46). Patients in Group II were younger, were more likely to be women, and were less likely to smoke and to have diabetes mellitus than were patients in Group I. The levels of cardiac enzymes, LDL-cholesterol levels, and the apo-B/A1 ratio were lower in Group II. However, 1-month and 12-month rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were not significantly different between the two groups. The Group II-b subgroup comprised 29 patients with vasospasm, 11 with myocardial bridge, and 6 with spontaneous thrombolysis. Left ventricular ejection fraction and creatinine clearance were lower and levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were higher in Group II-a than in Group II-b. However, outcomes including MACE and mortality at 12 months were not significantly different between the two subgroups. The 1-year outcomes of patients in Group II were similar to those of patients in Group I. The clinical outcomes in Group II-a were also similar to those of Group II-b, although the former group showed higher levels of NT-proBNP and hs-CRP.</P>
조시현,신호,김종기 대한신경외과학회 1982 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.11 No.2
We have experienced a case of oligodendroglioma which was similar to a falx meningioma. The oligodendroglioma arose in the medial surface(paracentral lobule) of the right frontal lobe and firmly attached to the falx cerebri. The tumor was found in early life(16 year old) and it had no roentgenographic calcification. So histological confirmation was possible after the operation. We report this uncommon oligodendroglioma with a review of literatures.
조시현,신호,김종기 대한신경외과학회 1982 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.11 No.2
Between February-1, 1977 and August-31, 1981, 46 patients underwent anterior cervical discectomy without interbody fusion for the treatment of the cervical disc protrusion. Of these patients, 40 patients who were followed up for more than 6 months after surgery were analyzed. 1. 87.5% of patients had good or excellent clinical results(93.3% in soft disc patients and 84% in hard disc patients) 2. 92.5% of patients revealed good or excellent alignment of the cervical spine and none were worsen. 3. The incidence of anatomical fusion was 20% by a year and 30% by 1½ years. Comparing with the anterior interbody fusion, the simple discectomy is technically simpler and shows similar clinical results.