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Channel Allocation in Multi-radio Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks: A Categorized Survey
( Saleem Iqbal ),( Abdul Hanan Abdullah ),( Khalid Hussain ),( Faraz Ahsan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.5
Wireless mesh networks are a special type of broadcast networks which cover the qualifications of both ad-hoc as well as infrastructure mode networks. These networks offer connectivity to the last mile through hop to hop communication and by comparatively reducing the cost of infrastructure in terms of wire and hardware. Channel assignment has always been the focused area for such networks specifically when using non-overlapping channels and sharing radio frequency spectrum while using multiple radios. It has always been a challenge for mesh network on impartial utilization of the resources (channels), with the increase in users. The rational utilization of multiple channels and multiple radios, not only increases the overall throughput, capacity and scalability, but also creates significant complexities for channel assignment methods. For a better understanding of research challenges, this paper discusses heuristic methods, measurements and channel utilization applications and also examines various researches that yield to overcome this problem. Finally, we highlight prospective directions of research.
M. Saleem Iqbal,Irfan Mustafa,Abuzar Ghaffari 한국자기학회 2019 Journal of Magnetics Vol.24 No.2
The hybrid nanofluids are novel nanofluids and can be made by adding different types of nanoparticles in the plain fluid. The mathematical modeling of hybrid nanofluid under the magnetic influence over a vertical wavy surface is developed in the present theoretical investigation. The analysis is performed for hybrid nanofluid consisting of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ nanoparticles and compared with SiO₂ nanoparticle. The theoretical results also indicate that Al₂O₃-SiO₂ water hybrid nanofluid have higher heat transfer rate when compared with SiO₂- water nanofluid. In hybrid nanofluid, the choice of a suitable mixture of nanoparticles can lead to desire heat transfer phenomena. The implicit finite difference scheme is utilized for solution purposes. Results are presented in tabular and graphical form for the choice of suitable parameters.
Hypotensive and Toxicological Study of Citric Acid and Other Constituents from Tagetes patula Roots
Saleem, Rubeena,Ahmad, Mohammad,Naz, Aneela,Siddiqui, Humaira,Ahmad, Syed Iqbal,Faizi , Shaheen The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.10
Study of the effects of the methanolic extract of Tagetes patula roots on blood pressure led to the isolation of well known citric (1) and malic acid (7) as hypotensive, and pyridine hydrochloride (4) as hypertensive constituents of the plant along with a new constituent, 2-hydroxy, 5- hydroxymethyl furan (9). Citric acid and malic acid caused 71% and 43% fall in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) of rats at the doses of 15 mg/kg and 30mg/kg respectively while pyridine hydrochloride produced 34% rise in the MABP of rats at the dose of 30mg/kg. $LD_{50}\;and\;LD_{100}$ of citric acid in mice have been determined as 545 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively.
There's No Such Thing as Free Lunch but Envy among Young Facebookers
( Tassawar Iqbal ),( Muhammad Tariq Yousafzai ),( Sabeen Ali ),( Kinza Sattar ),( Muhammad Qaiser Saleem ),( Usman Habib ),( Atta Ur Rehman Khan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.10
Facebook has quickly infused across cultures worldwide to become a common household term for diverse spectra of netizens, especially youngsters. Inherently, interactive in nature, Facebook provides a common cyber enabled platform for online interactions with social friends, living across the world. However, despite its merits, users also experience certain disadvantages, which include but are not limited to rise in feelings of social comparison, decline in self-esteem, contentment and general subjective well-being. This work aims to determine the role of Facebook in spreading envy and identify factors that trigger such emotions. Due to abductive nature of the study, we used pilot interviews and consulted relevant literature to formulate hypotheses. Further, we used deductive approach and conducted a survey. The results showed that frequent use of Facebook, particularly passive following is main predictor of envy, and social interaction is the biggest cause for development of envious feelings in Facebook users. However, insignificant variation was found while investigating relationship between envy and factors, such as pretentiousness, time spent, accomplishment, everything in life, likes on posts, popularity across genders, marital status and genre.
Shah Zada,Saleem Raza,Sikandar Khan,Arshad Iqbal,Zhang Kai,Aftab Ahmad,Midrar Ullah,Mohib Kakar,Pengcheng Fu,Haifeng Dong,Zhang Xueji 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-
Heavy metals and other organic pollutants are the hazardous materials causing soil and water pollution,hence, bioremediation of these components is a matter of concern for environmental biotechnologists. Twenty one microalgal and cyanobacterial strains were evaluated for removal of copper from aqueoussolutions and soil containing 10 ppm copper. 5 out of 21 strains have shown comparatively higher toleranceto copper stress. The biosorption capabilities of all the five strains were assessed using techniqueslike ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometers, scanning electron microscope (SEM), inductively coupledplasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and confocal Microscopy. It was found that the five selected strainscould grow normally upon incubating with 20 ppm of Cu. Copper removal efficiencies of these microalgae(S. obliquus, A. braunii, C. fusca, L. JSC-1 and C. saccharophila in water were 99.9, 99.3, 97, 96.7, and 96%,while for soil was 73, 75, 71, 70, 68%, respectively. A minor leakage of nucleic acid and protein weredetected with time. Furthermore, no any visible morphological changes were observed after six daysof treatment, while minor changes were noticed after 12 days in water, and severe morphological deformationsoccurred after 24 days of bioremediation in soil. Our findings reveal that the selected microalgalstrains have high potential for Cu bioremediation at certain concentration for 12 days exposure fromwater and 24 from soil.
Azizuddin,Muhammad Iqbal,Syed Ghulam Musharraf,Saleem Shahzad 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.4
Microbial transformation of a potent progestin, norethisterone (17β-hydroxy-19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one) (1) was carried out by using two filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum. Biotransformation of 1 with A. niger yielded a hydroxylated transformed product 10β,17β-diydroxy-19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one (2) whereas 11β,17β-diydroxy-19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one (3) was obtained through microbial transformation of 1 by P. citrinum. It is the first report of their production from 1 by using A. niger and P. citrinum with complete 1H- and 13C-NMR assignment. The structures of both metabolites were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and reported data.
Muhammad Shahbaz,Sohail Iqbal,M. Mubasher Saleem,R. I. Shakoor 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.2
Wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) and embedded microsystems (EMS) have become a center of focus for researchers from all over the world due to their enormous sensing and monitoring applications in multiple areas including biotechnology, agriculture, healthcare, and consumer electronics. To ensure proper functioning of these systems, continuous power supply is required. The research paper presents a piezoelectric vibrational energy harvester that is designed with enhanced power extraction capability at low frequency. A compliant trapezoidal beam with optimized proof mass placement at one end, to enhance piezoelectric output, is designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested. The parametric design of the energy harvester consists of a piezoelectric ceramic crystal barium titanate (BaTiO3) bonded to an optimized micro-folded trapezoidal beam. The designed energy harvester has been analytically modeled using Euler beam theory and simulated using MATLAB. The static, dynamic and piezoelectric energy conversion response of the energy harvester is verified through finite element method (FEM) based Multiphysics simulations. The fabrication of the energy harvester design has been carried out using low-cost wire cutting process. The experimental characterization of the proposed energy harvester shows that 32.36 V voltage and 2.216 mW power can be extracted at the operational frequency of 15 Hz with a factor of safety of 1.30. The experimental characterization results showed a good agreement with the FEM simulations with an error < 7%. The proposed energy harvester can be used to power WSNs, EMS, micro control units and microdevices using low frequency vibrations.
Ali Khan Khuwaja,Saleem Khawaja,Komal Motwani,Adeel Akbar Khoja,Iqbal Syed Azam,Zafar Fatmi,Badar Sabir Ali,Muhammad Masood Kadir 대한예방의학회 2011 예방의학회지 Vol.44 No.5
Objectives: The rising burden of preventable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents is a major public health challenge worldwide. We identified the preventable risk factors for NCDs in adolescents. Methods: In a school-based study, pre-tested structured questionnaires were completed by 414 adolescents (14 to 17years) at six schools in three cities in Pakistan. The chi-squared test and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in a multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: Over 80% of the adolescents had unhealthy diets, and 54% were physically inactive. Most adolescents were exposed to passive smoking, and 14% were also current smokers. More than one-third of participants chewed betel nut,and one-quarter used oral tobacco. More girls were physically inactive (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.69 to 6.17), whereas a greater proportion of boys were current smokers (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.91), exposed to passive smoking (OR, 2.57;95% CI, 1.72 to 3.83), and using betel nut (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.06). Only 3.1% of the participants were without any preventable lifestyle risk factor for NCDs, and over 80% had ≥2 factors. Co-existence of risk factors was independently associated with fathers being blue-collar workers (aOR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 11.92) and parents not treating their child fairly (aOR, 5.05; 95% CI, 1.29 to 19.78). Conclusions: Most of the adolescents studied had preventable risk factors for NCDs. These results warrant comprehensive and integrated interventions to prevent lifestyle risk factors, and parents are front-line stakeholders.
Khuwaja, Ali Khan,Khawaja, Saleem,Motwani, Komal,Khoja, Adeel Akbar,Azam, Iqbal Syed,Fatmi, Zafar,Ali, Badar Sabir,Kadir, Muhammad Masood The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2011 예방의학회지 Vol.44 No.5
Objectives: The rising burden of preventable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents is a major public health challenge worldwide. We identified the preventable risk factors for NCDs in adolescents. Methods: In a school-based study, pre-tested structured questionnaires were completed by 414 adolescents (14 to 17 years) at six schools in three cities in Pakistan. The chi-squared test and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in a multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: Over 80% of the adolescents had unhealthy diets, and 54% were physically inactive. Most adolescents were exposed to passive smoking, and 14% were also current smokers. More than one-third of participants chewed betel nut, and one-quarter used oral tobacco. More girls were physically inactive (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.69 to 6.17), whereas a greater proportion of boys were current smokers (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.91), exposed to passive smoking (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.72 to 3.83), and using betel nut (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.06). Only 3.1% of the participants were without any preventable lifestyle risk factor for NCDs, and over 80% had ${\geq}$2 factors. Co-existence of risk factors was independently associated with fathers being blue-collar workers (aOR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 11.92) and parents not treating their child fairly (aOR, 5.05; 95% CI, 1.29 to 19.78). Conclusions: Most of the adolescents studied had preventable risk factors for NCDs. These results warrant comprehensive and integrated interventions to prevent lifestyle risk factors, and parents are front-line stakeholders.