長城湖의 水質特性에 關한 硏究

정팔진,박귀님,곽동희 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1995 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.1

To investigate the water quality of the Lake Jangseong, samples were collected 4 times during this study period at five stations each season. According to the inflowing stream loading, BOD loading was caused to land, human activity and fish farm sequentially. COD, T-N and T-P were contributed to fish farm, human activity and land sequentially. The Lake Jangseong had the characteristic of high algae growth rate according to long hydraulic retention time and low mean depth(9m of mean depth, 0.76year of hydraulic residence time). The amount of phosphorus accumulated was 5.2㎏/d. The excessive critical loading was 2.10tP/yr. The actual inflowing 8.36tP/yr, showing 4 times higher than the excessive critical loading. The water quality of the Lake Jangseong was transparency 1.4m, water temperature 13℃, pH 7.3, DO 6.9㎎/ℓ, COD 4.2㎎/ℓ, SS 5.1㎎/ℓ, T-N1.104㎎/ℓ, T-P 0.070㎎/ℓ, chlorophyll-a 17.5㎎/㎥. The water quality value was the highest in the fish farm(L2) by sites and high in winter, fall, summber, spring sequentially.

동진강 유역의 농업활동에 의한 수질변화와 실측부하량

원찬희,정팔진,김민정,현미희,박정훈,송재환 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

The entire duration of the research work was from December-2000 to July-2002. Site measurement were conducted during various season, in a dry season(December), in rainfall, in seed-sowing time and also collecting data from the rural public organizations related to water management was done and examined during the mid of research work. Generally, the Dong Jin River watershed contains small three Creeks, KoBu, DongJin(including JeongEup and ChilBo, WonPyong). It was further divided into 32 sub-watersheds which comprises of further 5, 18, 9 watersheds in the creeks respectively. Inflow loading to the river was calculated from measurement of general water quality and quantity and these field surveys were made thrice times in agricultural drainage channels, where fertilizers and pesticides leaching from the surface have an direct effect for the deterioration of the several creek and river. Estimation of contaminant loading has been done by using unit loading based on the notification No. 1999 - 143 of the Ministry of Environment. Most of estimated loading data reported during the research work were slightly higher when compared with the notification of the Ministry but they do not have any significant effect. It was assumed that sub-watersheds have considerable field survey loading data, which were affected due to non-point source pollution load as compared to point source. For investigation of surface rainfall ranging from .50㎜ during non-farming or .10 rainfall on the period of farming, BOD loadings in the field during farming showed slightly higher levels in comparison with discharge loadings, T-N also showed the similar trend as discussed earlier.

Novel role of platelet reactivity in adverse left ventricular remodelling after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: The REMODELING Trial

Park, Yongwhi,Tantry, Udaya,Koh, Jin-Sin,Ahn, Jong-Hwa,Kang, Min,Kim, Kye,Jang, Jeong,Park, Hyun,Park, Jeong-Rang,Hwang, Seok-Jae,Park, Ki-Soo,Kwak, Choong,Hwang, Jin-Yong,Gurbel, Paul,Jeong, Young-Ho Thieme 2017 Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vol.117 No.5

<B>Summary</B><P>The role of platelet-leukocyte interaction in the infarct myocardium still remains unveiled. We aimed to determine the linkage of platelet activation to post-infarct left ventricular remodelling (LVR) process. REMODELING was a prospective, observational, cohort trial including patients (n = 150) with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were given aspirin plus clopidogrel therapy (600 mg loading and 75 mg daily). Platelet reactivity (PRU: P2Y12 Reaction Units) was assessed with VerifyNow P2Y12 assay on admission. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed on admission and at one-month follow-up. The primary endpoint was the incidence of LVR according to PRU-based quartile distribution. LVR was defined as a relative ≥ 20 % increase in LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) between measurements. Adverse LVR was observed in 36 patients (24.0 %). According to PRU quartile, LVR rate was 10.8 % in the first, 23.1 % in the second, 27.0 % in the third, and 35.1 % in the fourth (p = 0.015): the optimal cut-off of PRU was ≥ 248 (area under curve: 0.643; 95 % confidence interval: 0.543 to 0.744; p = 0.010). LVR rate also increased proportionally according to the level of high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p = 0.012). In multivariate analysis, the combination of PRU (≥ 248) and hs-CRP (≥ 1.4 mg/l) significantly increased the predictive value for LVR occurrence by about 21-fold. In conclusion, enhanced levels of platelet activation and inflammation determined the incidence of adverse LVR after STEMI. Combining the measurements of these risk factors increased risk discrimination of LVR. The role of intensified antiplatelet or anti-inflammatory therapy in post-infarct LVR process deserves further study.</P>

전북지역 소규모 하수,오수 처리시설 개선방안

정팔진 ( Paul Gene Chung ),김민정 ( Min Jeong Kim ),조한원 ( Han Won Cho ),박정훈 ( Jeong Hun Park ),김민경 ( Min Kyong Kim ) 전북대학교 공학연구원(구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소) 2006 工學硏究 Vol.37 No.-

The study is focused on reviewing about suitability evaluation of collection of small scale sewage treatment, and solve their problem. It is that as collection method, collect tank of gathering sewage is conducted and sewage is carried to around sewage treatment facility or collect pipe using collect carts periodically. Collect treatment project has application to some areas as like park, an amusement park and playground which produces sewage occasionally. The object of primary collect study is the upper stream of water resource, national park and purity region urgently. But, as a result of a spot inspection, we were selected 4 sites, Ju-Cheon, Bu-Gi, Bu-Nam and Sung-Su region that these places are unable to establish small sewage facilities. Evaluation was conducted with construction cost of facilities and collect pipe, maintenance cost. Comparison with sewage treatment facility, collect treatment project proper small sewage. It is suggested that its capacity of small sewage facility is under 100ton/day, collect distance is under 25~30km. It is suggested that collection for small scale sewage treatment has an adapt possibility not only Yong-Dam dam region but also other regions. Also, in order to carry out collection for small scale sewage, it is need that a legal basis.

Augustine"s The City of God: Reasons for a Magnum Opus

Paul J. Park 합동신학대학원대학교 출판부 2020 Hapshin Theological Review Vol.8 No.-

The Hybrid Open Muscle-Sparing Approach in Adult Spinal Deformity Patients Undergoing Lower Thoracic Fusion to the Pelvis

Paul J. Park,Joe M. Lombardi,Lawrence G. Lenke 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a difficult complication to manage following adult spinal deformity surgery. Particularly in spinal fusions from the lower thoracic spine down to pelvis, PJK is a major consideration. While the open posterior approach allows for excellent visualization and preparation of bony surfaces for fusion, disruption of posterior soft tissue structures increases risk of PJK postoperatively. Minimally invasive approaches, on the other hand, preserve posterior ligamentous structures and musculature at the proximal fusion levels however prevent the access afforded by an open approach. We describe here the hybrid open muscle-sparing approach—a technique that allows for decortication of bony surfaces as well as clear exposure of anatomic landmarks for freehand pedicle screw placement, while protecting the posterior soft tissue structures to reduce risk of PJK.

Current Status of Antarctic Environments and Resources

Park, Paul-Kilho,Sutton, Holly J.,Kim, Su-Am The Korean Society of Oceanography 1998 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.33 No.3

Cooperative scientific research in Antarctic has been successful since the International Geophysical Year 1957/1958. Presently, 43 nations have joined the Antarctic Treaty as consultative parties or acceding states, and other treaties and agreements have evolved to conserve the integrity and to manage the resources of the Antarctic ecosystem. Although yet to be designated, tourism areas in Antarctica are under consideration. Due to its remoteness and vast magnitude, Antarctica's science is slowly emerging. Satellite technology has enabled observation of the progression of the ozone hole above Antarctica. Mineral exploitation has yet to take place, as has the transport of Antarctic icebergs to some arid nations. On the other hand, both seal and whale exploitations have occurred, devastating these populations. The lessons learned from past human greed are used to design krill and squid fisheries, though the life histories of these organisms are yet to be adequately understood. An ecosystem approach to managing Antarctic resource exploitation is essential. Procuring the needed logistics to do so is daunting, requiring the highest degree of international cooperation and educational outreach to nurture the needed effective scientific and engineering talent, both natural and social.

Fisheries technology cooperation for the 21st century

Paul Kilho Park 한국해양수산개발원 1996 해양정책연구 Vol.11 No.2

Characterization of a Novel Antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis K strain and Its Use in Immunodiagnosis of Tuberculosis

Paul J. Park,김아름,Yangkyo P. Salch,송택선,신성재,한승정,조상래 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.10

Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens would be ofgreat value in developing immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis(TB), but regional differences in molecular types ofthe organism may result in antigenic variation, which in turnaffects the outcome of the tests. For example, the Beijingstrains of M. tuberculosis are prevalent in East Asia, and inparticular, the K strain and related strains of the Beijingfamily, are most frequently isolated during school outbreaksof TB in South Korea. From comparison of genome sequencesbetween M. tuberculosis K strain and the H37Rv strain, anon-Beijing type, we identified a K strain-specific gene, InsB,which has substantial homology with the ESAT-6-like proteins. This study was, therefore, initiated to characterize theInsB protein for its immunogenicity in mice and to confirmits expression in TB patients by detecting antibodies to theprotein. The InsB gene was cloned from M. tuberculosis Kstrain and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinantInsB protein was used for immunization of mice. All miceshowed strong antibody responses to the InsB protein, andsplenocytes stimulated with InsB showed strong IFN-γ andIL-17 responses and a weak IL-2 response, all of which havebeen implicated in disease expression and used for the immunodiagnosisof TB. Serum samples from TB patients alsoshowed significant antibody responses to the InsB protein ascompared to healthy control samples. These results indicatethat the InsB protein is an M. tuberculosis K-strain-specificantigen that could further improve the current immunodiagnosticmethods, especially for the South Korean population.

Dual S2 Alar-Iliac Screw Technique With a Multirod Construct Across the Lumbosacral Junction: Obtaining Adequate Stability at the Lumbosacral Junction in Spinal Deformity Surgery

Paul J. Park,James D. Lin,Melvin C. Makhni,Meghan Cerpa,Ronald A. Lehman,Lawrence G. Lenke 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.2

To illustrate the safe placement of a 5-screw/5-rod construct across the spinopelvic junction in a complex revision case utilizing 4 S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws as well as an iliac screw for a kickstand rod. The S2AI screws are often used for lumbosacral fixation at the base of long spinal deformity constructs. In severe spinal deformities, additional pelvic fixation beyond the standard 2 screws may help achieve and maintain correction, and also increase the rigidity of the construct. With a thorough understanding of pelvic anatomy, multiple pelvic screws, such as bilateral dual S2AI screws, may be placed safely to achieve stability and accommodate additional rods to perform powerful correction techniques. We illustrate the safe use of multiple rods across the lumbosacral junction in this case, by using both a hook rod construct and domino connectors – ultimately though these additional rods rely on the integrity of the pelvic fixation to provide their support. We recommend at least 3 rods across the lumbosacral junction in any adult spinal deformity case requiring pelvic fixation, and would recommend considering more than 3 rods, especially across 3-column osteotomy sites. For long spinal constructs in patients with significant adult spinal deformity, we believe the use of multiple pelvic screws to a multirod construct is a safe and effective way to provide long-term correction and clinical success.