http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Zhang Pei-Pei,Liang Su-Xia,Wang Hua-Lun,Yang Kun,Nie Shao-Chen,Zhang Tong-Mei,Tian Yuan-Yuan,Xu Zhao-Yuan,Chen Wei,Yan Ying-Bin 한국통합생물학회 2021 Animal cells and systems Vol.25 No.5
The aim of this study was to compare the functional characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from a sheep model of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous and bony ankylosis. A sheep model of bilateral TMJ trauma-induced fibrous ankylosis on one side and bony ankylosis on the contralateral side was used. MSCs from fibrous ankylosed callus (FAMSCs) or bony ankylosed callus (BA-MSCs) at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after surgery were isolated and cultured. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of the mandibular condyle (BM-MSCs) were used as controls. The MSCs from the different sources were characterized morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally. Adherence and trilineage differentiation potential were presented in the ovine MSCs. These cell populations highly positively expressed MSC-associated specific markers, namely CD29, CD44, and CD166, but lacked CD31 and CD45 expressions. The BA-MSCs had higher clonogenic and proliferative potentials than the FA-MSCs. The BA-MSCs also showed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials, but lower adipogenic capacity than the FA-MSCs. In addition, the BA-MSCs demonstrated higher chondrogenic, but lower osteogenic capacity than the BM-MSCs. Our study suggests that inhibition of the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiations of MSCs might be a promising strategy for preventing bony ankylosis in the future.
Impact of numerical choices on water conservation in the E3SM Atmosphere Model version 1 (EAMv1)
Zhang, Kai,Rasch, Philip J.,Taylor, Mark A.,Wan, Hui,Leung, Ruby,Ma, Po-Lun,Golaz, Jean-Christophe,Wolfe, Jon,Lin, Wuyin,Singh, Balwinder,Burrows, Susannah,Yoon, Jin-Ho,Wang, Hailong,Qian, Yun,Tang, Q Copernicus GmbH 2018 Geoscientific model development Vol.11 No.5
<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The conservation of total water is an important numerical feature for global Earth system models. Even small conservation problems in the water budget can lead to systematic errors in century-long simulations. This study quantifies and reduces various sources of water conservation error in the atmosphere component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model.</p> <p>Several sources of water conservation error have been identified during the development of the version 1 (V1) model. The largest errors result from the numerical coupling between the resolved dynamics and the parameterized sub-grid physics. A hybrid coupling using different methods for fluid dynamics and tracer transport provides a reduction of water conservation error by a factor of 50 at 1<span class='inline-formula'><sup>∘</sup></span> horizontal resolution as well as consistent improvements at other resolutions. The second largest error source is the use of an overly simplified relationship between the surface moisture flux and latent heat flux at the interface between the host model and the turbulence parameterization. This error can be prevented by applying the same (correct) relationship throughout the entire model. Two additional types of conservation error that result from correcting the surface moisture flux and clipping negative water concentrations can be avoided by using mass-conserving fixers. With all four error sources addressed, the water conservation error in the V1 model becomes negligible and insensitive to the horizontal resolution. The associated changes in the long-term statistics of the main atmospheric features are small.</p> <p>A sensitivity analysis is carried out to show that the magnitudes of the conservation errors in early V1 versions decrease strongly with temporal resolution but increase with horizontal resolution. The increased vertical resolution in V1 results in a very thin model layer at the Earth's surface, which amplifies the conservation error associated with the surface moisture flux correction. We note that for some of the identified error sources, the proposed fixers are remedies rather than solutions to the problems at their roots. Future improvements in time integration would be beneficial for V1.</p> </P>
Lun, Li-Min,Zhang, Shi-Cui,Liang, Yu-Jun Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.5
Alanine aminotransferase (AAT) is mainly synthesized in the liver, and its level in mammalian serum is elevated after acute phase induction. Here we demonstrated that sheep anti-human AAT antibody cross-reacted with amphioxus humoral fluids as well as human serum; and the concentration of AAT in the humoral fluids in amphioxus increased after the acute challenge with lipopolysaccharide, while the level of total proteins remains unchanged. These suggest the presence of the same acute phase response pattern in amphioxus, as observed in some mammalian species. Immunohistochemically, AAT was localized in the hepatic diverticulum, ovary and testis. It appears that the hepatic diverticulum in amphioxus is functionally homologous to the vertebrate liver in respect of AAT synthesis, supporting the hypothesis that the vertebrate liver evolved from the hepatic diverticulum of an amphioxus-like ancestor during early chordate evolution.
Ziqiang Zhang,Lun Wang,Jinnong Liao,Jing Zhao,Qi Yang 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.8
The rigid-flexible coupling structure of creatures with jumping ability has the advantages of high stiffness and good flexibility, which are of great significance to its research. However, existing research on jumping robots has not demonstrated the effect of multiflexibility links on the jumping performance. In this paper, a Watt-type one degree-of-freedom six-bar mechanism is regarded as research object. For a jumping leg including multiple flexible links and a flexible joint with a floating frame, a rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model is established with a pseudo-rigid-body model being used. On this basis, the effect of structural and installation parameters on the jumping performance is analyzed. Results show that different flexible links have distinct effects on the jumping performance, and properly reducing the stiffness of flexible links can improve the jumping performance. The results of this study provide a design basis for jumping robots with a rigid-flexible coupling structure.
Competitive Influence Maximization on Online Social Networks under Cost Constraint
( Bo-lun Chen ),( Yi-yun Sheng ),( Min Ji ),( Ji-wei Liu ),( Yong-tao Yu ),( Yue Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.4
In online competitive social networks, each user can be influenced by different competing influencers and consequently chooses different products. But their interest may change over time and may have swings between different products. The existing influence spreading models seldom take into account the time-related shifts. This paper proposes a minimum cost influence maximization algorithm based on the competitive transition probability. In the model, we set a one-dimensional vector for each node to record the probability that the node chooses each different competing influencer. In the process of propagation, the influence maximization on Competitive Linear Threshold (IMCLT) spreading model is proposed. This model does not determine by which competing influencer the node is activated, but sets different weights for all competing influencers. In the process of spreading, we select the seed nodes according to the cost function of each node, and evaluate the final influence based on the competitive transition probability. Experiments on different datasets show that the proposed minimum cost competitive influence maximization algorithm based on IMCLT spreading model has excellent performance compared with other methods, and the computational performance of the method is also reasonable.
Shaodan Jia,Lun Ma,Xinke Chen,Qingyan Fang,Cheng Zhang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.116 No.-
Rotary spray drying technology with bypass flue is widely adopted to realize the zero-discharge of desulfurizationwastewater in coal-fired power stations. Significantly, the deflector structure of the dryingtower is an essential factor affecting the evaporation performance of desulfurization wastewater. Thispaper is aimed to study the effect of the angle and number of the deflectors on the evaporation performancein a drying tower of a 600 MW coal-fired station. Results show that the gas distributor dividesthe flue gas into internal and external parts, and the flue gas in the internal channel is the main factoraffecting the evaporation performance. The deflector angles (especially for the internal deflector) havea remarkable impact on the evaporation behaviors, while the deflector numbers just have a minor effecton that. When the deflector number is 24 and the angles of internal and external deflectors are set at 0and 45, respectively, a better evaporation performance is obtained with the weighted average time ofapproximately 0.17 s and the complete evaporation distance of approximately 3.93 m. These optimal settingsare adopted in the actual operation, and the industrial measured results show good performance isobtained.