Serosal Cavities Contain Two Populations of Innate-like integrin α4<SUP>high</SUP>CD<SUP>4+</SUP> T Cells, Integrin α4β1<SUP>+</SUP>α6β1<SUP>+</SUP>α4β7<SUP>−</SUP> and α4β1<SUP>+</SUP>α6β1<SUP>−</SUP>α4β7<SUP>+</SUP> Cells

Jeong In Yang,Chanho Park,Inseong Kho,Kyung-Suk Suh,Tae Jin Kim,Sujin Lee1 대한면역학회 2017 Immune Network Vol.17 No.6

XSNP: 고성능 SoC 버스를 위한 확장된 SoC 네트워크 프로토콜

이찬호(Chanho Lee),이상헌(Sanghun Lee),김응섭(Eung-Sup Kim),이혁재(Hyuk-Jae Lee) 한국정보과학회 2006 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.33 No.8

최근, SoC 설계연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 하나의 시스템에 보다 많은 수의 IP가 포함되고 있다. 많은 IP간의 효율적인 통신과 재사용율을 높이기 위해 다양한 프로토콜과 버스 구조들이 연구되고 있다. 기존의 공유 버스 구조의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 제안된 SNP(SoC Network Protocol)와 SNA(SoC Network Architecture)는 각각 peer-to-peer 방식의 프로토콜과 버스 구조이다. 한편 AMBA AHB는 대규모 SoC 시스템에 다소 부적절한 구조를 가짐에도 불구하고 산업 표준으로 자리매김 해왔다. 따라서 기존의 많은 IP들이 AMBA 인터페이스를 가지고 있으나 SNP와는 프로토콜과 완벽하게 호환되지 않는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 기존의 IP들의 인터페이스를 SNP로 바꾸기 전까지는 새로 제안된 버스 구조에서도 AMBA AHB와의 호환성을 완전히 배제할 수가 없다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 SNP가 확장된 XSNP(extended SNP) 스펙과 SNA 기반 시스템에서 이를 지원하는 SNA 컴포넌트를 제안한다. AMBA AHB와 SNP 사이의 프로토콜 변환을 지원하기 위해서 기존 SNP의 페이즈를 1 비트 확장하여 새로운 8개의 페이즈를 추가하였다. 따라서 AMBA 호환 가능한 IP는 SNP를 통해 성능 감쇠 없이 AHB-to-XSNP 변환기를 통해 통신할 수 있다. 또한 이러한 확장 방법은 AMBA AHB 뿐 아니라 SNP와 다른 버스 프로토콜 사이의 신호 변환에도 이용하여 SNP의 유연성과 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 제안된 구조의 검증/평가를 위해 다양한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, AMBA AHB와의 호환성에 있어 문제가 없다는 것을 검증하였다. In recent years, as SoC design research is actively conducted, a large number of IPs are included in a system. Various bus protocols and bus architectures are designed to increase IP reusability. Among them, the AMBA AHB became a de facto standard although it is somewhat inadequate for a large scale SoC. We proposed SNP and SNA, high performance on-chip-bus protocol and architecture, respectively, to solve the problem of the conventional shared buses. However, it seems to be imperative that the new on-chip-bus system support AMBA-compatible IPs for a while since there are a lot of IPs with AMBA interface. In this paper, we propose an extended SNP specification and a corresponding SNA component to support ABMA-compatible IPs used in SNA-based system. We extend the phase of the SNP by 1 bit to add new 8 phases to support communication based on AMBA protocol without penalty of elongated cycle latency. The AHB-to-XSNP converter translates the protocol between AHB and SNP to attach AMBA-compatible IPs to SNA based system. We show that AMBA IPs can communicate through SNP without any degradation of performance using the extended SNP and AHB-to-XSNP converter.

곡사포탄의 방출장약에 따른 방출특성 연구

이찬호(Chanho Lee),이봉주(Bongju Lee),오민석(Minseok Oh),이상준(Sangjun Lee),박성우(Sungwoo Park) 한국추진공학회 2019 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Robust Lane Detection and Tracking for Real-Time Applications

Lee, Chanho,Moon, Ji-Hyun IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation sy Vol.19 No.12

<P>An effective lane-detection algorithm is a fundamental component of an advanced driver assistant system, as it provides important information that supports driving safety. The challenges faced by the lane detection and tracking algorithm include the lack of clarity of lane markings, poor visibility due to bad weather, illumination and light reflection, shadows, and dense road-based instructions. In this paper, a robust and real-time vision-based lane detection algorithm with an efficient region of interest is proposed to reduce the high noise level and the calculation time. The proposed algorithm also processes a gradient cue and a color cue together and a line clustering with scan-line tests to verify the characteristics of the lane markings. It removes any false lane markings and tracks the real lane markings using the accumulated statistical data. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm gives accurate results and fulfills the real-time operation requirement on embedded systems with low computing power.</P>

SOME NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR ERGODICITY OF NONLINEAR FIRST ORDER AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS

Lee, Chanho 대한수학회 1996 대한수학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Free Paper Presentation : OS-39 ; Association Between COPD and Educational Level in Korean Adult Population

( Chanho Lee ),( Young Sam Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) has been one of the major diseases and prevalence and mortality is still increasing worldwide. Methods: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) is a nationwide cross-sectional survey of the Korean population and 50,405 subjects performed health and nutritional survey during fourth and fifth KNHANES. Among them, 25,812 subjects aged over 40 years old performed spirometry and a trained interviewer administered a questionnaire on respiratory diseases and various health-related information, including educational level, residential pattern, income, smoking, and other risk factors of COPD. The educational level was classified into four groups and household income was stratified into 4 quartiles. The statistical analyses were carried out using SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc.). T-test, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were done. Results: Data from 15,971 adults who performed spirometry adequately were used for this analysis. Of all subjects, 6,871 (43.0%) were male and 9,100 (57.0%) were female. The mean age was 56.7 for men and 57.1 for women. Prevalence of COPD, defined as FEV₁/ FVC<0.7, was 13.6% (22.7% male; 6.7% female). COPD is more prevalent in older age group, male gender, heavy smoker and lower income and educational level population. Multivariate analysis showed that older age, male gender, smoking status, and lower educational level were significant independent risk factors for COPD. The prevalence of smoker is higher and duration of smoking is longer in lower educational level group and total amount of smoking expressed as pack-year is bigger. Conclusions: Low educational level may considered as an independent risk factor of COPD in Korean adult population and further study is needed.

Design of eMMC Controller with Virtual Channels for Multiple Processors

Chanho Lee,Chulhoon Kim 대한전자공학회 2018 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.18 No.2

Portable embedded systems includes several non-volatile memory devices for the external storage. Multiple processors and multiple processing are popular and reading and writing data in the storage limit the performance of the system. The conventional architectures combine the devices to a single channel or assign the devices to multiple channels one by one to increase the performance. However, performance improvement depends on the applications due to the various requirements of data transfer. In this paper, we propose architecture for non-volatile memory controller with virtual channels for systems with multiple processors. The proposed architecture has an AMBA AXI master interface for data transfer and an AMBA APB slave interface for writing instructors and reading status and responses to be connected to a host system. Device adapters are connected to the devices and form physical channels. It can respond to the requests of the multiple processors by configuring virtual channels which have a single or multiple physical channels and can be activated independently. The waiting times and the transfer times of memory requests can be traded-off dynamically for the better system performance. An eMMC controller is designed using Verilog-HDL according to the proposed architecture, and is implemented using an FPGA. The operation of the controller is verified by simulation and measurement.

Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Treatment on Nutritive Value and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) Silage

Lee, Kihwan,Marbun, Tabita Dameria,Kim, Suyeon,Song, Jaeyong,Kwon, Chan Ho,Yoon, Duhak,Kang, Jungsun,Lee, Chanho,Cho, Sangbuem,Kim, Eun Joong The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2020 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.40 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation to domestically-cultivated Italian ryegrass (IRG) on silage fermentation and in vitro ruminal fermentation. There were six treatments based on the LAB inoculants: 1) no addition of LAB (negative control: NC), additions of 2) commercially-available LAB (positive control: PC), 3) Lactobacillus plantarum (LPL), 4) L. paracasei (LPA), 5) L. acidophilus (LA), and 6) L. pentosus (LPT). All treatments were inoculated at a concentration of 10⁶ CFU/g and ensiled for 3, 7, 21, and 42 days in triplicate and analyzed for nutritive values when ensiling was terminated. Day 42 silage from all treatments were also examined for in vitro ruminal fermentation. After 42 days, LAB-inoculated silages had higher (P<0.05) lactic acid concentration compared to the NC. In terms of nutritive values, the silages treated with LPA, LA, and LPT showed higher (P<0.05) crude protein and lower (P<0.05) neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content compared to the rest of the treatment. In vitro ruminal dry matter degradability was not affected by LAB addition. However, LAB-treated IRG had shown higher (P<0.05) ammonia-N compared with that of the NC. LPA had shown the highest (P<0.05) volatile fatty acid concentration among the LAB examined. In conclusion, the addition of a single strain of LAB appeared to produce a quality IRG silage compared with the NC and the PC. Among the strains examined, LPA seemed to be superior to the others.

A Systematic Review of the Mechanical CPR and Manual CPR on Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Occurring in High-rise Building

ChanHo Lee,ByounGgil Yoon,HongBeom Ahn,YongSeok Kim 국제문화기술진흥원 2022 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.10 No.4

CPR in High-rise building is one of the challenging tasks to 119 paramedics, evacuating patient from the narrow and vertical area. This study was built to compare the method of mechanical CPR and manual CPR is to maximizing on-scene treatment time, and minimizing the hand-off time in cardiac arrest, transporting patient as fast as possible. The electronic data research (Science, Pubmed, Medline, Medline and 55 academic DB interworking) was conducted, and five articles were included by reviewing and excluding through the Covidence program and Review Manager version 5.4(Cochrane Collaboration). OHCA occurring on the higher floor indicates lower in survival. A total studies uniformly reported mechanical CPR is more effective during the high-rise building evacuation, than manual CPR in rate, depth, and hands-on time of chest compression. Use of mechanical CPR device is more suitable in case of High-rise building OHCA to improve the survival rate which is affected by high-quality CPR.

Oscillator Strength of Normal-incidence Intersubband Absorption in Conduction Bands of Si and Ge Quantum Wells Using Polarization

Lee, Chanho The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 1998 Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Vol.3 No.1

A theoretical calculation and an optical measurement method of normal-incidence absorption are proposed. By using a waveguide structure, optical interference and the problem of low level signal can be avoided in the measurement of normal-incidence absorption. The oscillator strength of intersubband absorption for a waveguide structure is calculated in Si(001), Si(110), and Ge(001) quantum wells. The polarization angle dependence of the measured and the calculated absorption strength can be obtained with the same waveguide structure, and be compared after normalization. The normal-incidence absorption in Si(110) and Ge(001) quantum wells is shown theoretically, and can be observed in the optical measurement using waveguide structures at the polarization angle of 90$^{\circ}$.