Abdominal fat accumulation as a potential risk factor for low back pain in adult men

( Bokun Kim ),( Sechang Oh ),( Eonho Kim ) 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2019 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.31 No.1

The purposes of this study were twofold: (a) to examine role of body mass index in incidence of low back pain and (b) to investigate more relevant causes of low back pain in body composition. Of the 250 initial subjects, 188 subjects were included for the first analysis and divided into quartiles based on the scores of Japan Low Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire which was adopted to assess low back pain. We selected 51 subjects (body mass index: 27.4 ± 5.0 kg/m²; age: 47.4 ± 10.9 years) in 1st quartile as a control group and 45 subjects (body mass index: 27.1 ± 2.8 kg/m²; age: 56.4 ± 7.1 years) in 4th quartile as a low back pain group for the final analysis. Assessments of anthropometric characteristics and body composition (by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were carried out and body composition was evaluated as absolute and relative values. No difference in body mass index between the two groups was detected and waist hip ratio and percentage of trunk fat mass per weight in low back pain group was significantly greater than those in the control group. While low back pain was significantly related to abdominal fat related variables including waist, waist hip ratio and percentage of trunk fat mass per weight, it was not linked to other variables such as weight and body mass index. Abdominal fat accumulation may be a potential risk factor for low back pain in adult men.

Weight reduction does not induce an undesirable decrease in muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical performance in men with obesity: a pilot study

( Bokun Kim ),( Takehiko Tsujimoto ),( Rina So ),( Xiaoguang Zhao ),( Sechang Oh ),( Kiyoji Tanaka ) 한국운동영양학회 2017 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.21 No.4

[Purpose] To date, there have been no reports on whether weight reduction causes decreases in muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical performance that could lead to health problems. Thus, in this pilot study, we investigated the appropriateness of the changes in muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance after weight reduction. [Methods] Obese men who completed a weight reduction program to decrease and maintain a body mass index (BMI) of less than 25 kg/m2 for one year were recruited for the study. One year after the completion of a weight reduction program, the participants’ muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were compared with those in a reference group composed of individuals whose BMI was less than 25 kg/m2. Whole-body scanning was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to analyze muscle mass. Handgrip strength and knee extensor strength were measured to evaluate arm and leg muscle strength, respectively. For physical performance, a jump test was employed. [Results] The results showed that the biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac areas of professional fashion models were significantly thinner than those of women in general (p<.001), and that their waist size was also significantly smaller (p<.001). However, hip circumference showed no significant difference. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat (%) in professional fashion models were significantly lower than those in women in general (p<.001), while the body density in professional fashion models was significantly greater (p<0.001). [Conclusion] Weight reduction participants showed an average reduction in body weight of -16.47%. Normalized arm muscle mass and handgrip strength were significantly greater in the weight reduction group than in the reference group; however, no significant differences were detected between the two groups with respect to the other variables. After one year, there were no significant differences between the two groups.

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index is Independently Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in the Geriatric Population, Regardless of Obesity and Sex

Bokun Kim,Gwon-Min Kim,한기훈,Naoki Maki,Keisuke Taniguchi,Sechang Oh 대한노인병학회 2023 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.27 No.3

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) negatively affects several risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study investigated whether the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which reflects IR, was independently associated with CKD in a geriatric population, regardless of obesity and sex. Methods: The analysis included 7,326 individuals (2,864 males and 4,462 females) aged ≥60 years. Non-obesity or obesity was evaluated using a body mass index cutoff of 25 kg/m2. The TyG index was calculated as ln [triglyceride concentration (mg/dL)×fasting plasma glucose concentration (mg/dL)]/2. All participants were categorized into three groups according to TyG tertiles. Moderate-to-severe CKD (MSCKD) was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <45.0 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: In males and females with or without obesity, a trend test showed a decreasing tendency in the eGFR from the lowest to highest TyG tertiles. Males without obesity and females with obesity in the middle and highest tertiles of the TyG index were 2.342 and 2.393, and were 2.313 and 3.516 times more likely to have MSCKD, respectively. Those with or without obesity in the highest tertile of the TyG index were 1.736 and 2.374 times more likely to have MSCKD, respectively. Conclusion: Geriatric populations with an increased TyG index have a high risk of MSCKD regardless of obesity and sex. Our findings suggest that increased IR is associated with CKD in the geriatric population independent of obesity and sex.

Effects of aerobic or resistance exercise on body composition and strength in men with obesity

( Bokun Kim ),( Rina So ),( Takehiko Tsujimoto ),( Sechang Oh ),( Jinhong Kim ),( Kiyoji Tanaka ) 대한운동사협회 2017 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.-

휴대 인터넷 시스템의 무선 자원 할당 방안 연구

김대관(Daekwan Kim),김종경(Jongkyung Kim),최보근(Bokun Choi),서종수(JongSoo Seo) 한국통신학회 2005 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.6

Regular Exercise as a Secondary Practical Treatment for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Sechang Oh(Sechang Oh),Goeun Han(Goeun Han),Bokun Kim(Bokun Kim),Junichi Shoda(Junichi Shoda ) 사피엔시아 2018 Exercise Medicine Vol.2 No.-

A novel notion has arisen in clinical medicine: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), representing a spectrum of conditions ranging from asymptomatic simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Even though there is a pressing need to treat this disease, the treatment options are limited. Previous studies have confirmed that weight loss via lifestyle management has proven to be successful. This is now accepted as the first-line therapy. In those studies, improvements of liver function and hepatic steatosis were noted when weight loss of around 3% to 10% of body weight was achieved. However, optimum weight loss and its management are difficult to accomplish. Subsequent studies showed that when weight loss was achieved independent of exercise, additional beneficial effects were observed in addition to weight loss. Exercise with a diet regimen brought even more benefits. Because of this substantial evidence, exercise should be proposed as another strategy for NAFLD treatment, regardless of weight loss. This review was aimed at providing a succinct, comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and management of NAFLD, highlighting the need for routinization of the role of exercise in NAFLD management, and at elucidating the mechanisms behind the benefits of exercise, with relevant studies.

공간 감각에 대한 초등 수학 교과서 분석

김경훈 ( Kim Kyeonghun ),서보군 ( Seo Bokun ),방정숙 ( Pang Jeongsuk ) 한국교원대학교 초등교육연구소 2018 초등교과교육연구 Vol.28 No.-

본 논문은 초등학교 수학 교과서에서 공간 감각을 어떻게 지도하는지 분석하였다. 구체적으로 2009 개정 수학과 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 수학 교과서를 분석하였으며, 그 과정에서 입체도형과 함께 평면도형에 대한 내용도 분석 대상에 포함하였다. 선행연구들을 바탕으로 공간 감각을 공간 시각화와 공간 방향으로 나누어 각각의 하위 요인을 분석하였다. 공간 시각화의 하위 요인은 정신적 회전, 정신적 변형, 정신적 차원 변형, 도형 배경 지각으로, 공간 방향의 하위 요인은 위치 감각, 거리 감각, 방향 감각으로 나누었다. 이를 바탕으로 1학년부터 6학년까지 도형 영역에 해당하는 13개 단원에서 381개의 활동을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 공간 감각과 관련된 활동은 177회로 나타났다. 하위 요인별로 분석한 결과, 공간 시각화와 관련된 활동이 주로 나타났으며 공간 방향과 관련된 활동은 거의 찾아볼 수 없었다. 공간 시각화는 학년별로 그리고 하위 요인별로 비교적 고르게 분포되어 있었다. 공간 시각화와 관련된 내용 중에서 평면도형의 내용은 학년별, 하위 요인별로 고르게 나타난 반면, 입체도형의 내용은 5, 6학년에서 정신적 차원 변형과 관련된 활동이 주로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로 공간 감각 지도의 특징과 개선방향에 대하여 논의하였다.

Solvothermal synthesis of Sb₂Te₃ nanoplates under various synthetic conditions and their thermoelectric properties

Im, Hye Jin,Koo, Bokun,Kim, Min-Soo,Lee, Ji Eun Elsevier BV * North-Holland 2019 Applied Surface Science Vol.475 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Antimony telluride is a well-known p-type semiconductor material and considered to be one of the best candidates for thermoelectric applications. In this report, Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> hexagonal nanoplates were synthesized by a simple solvothermal process under various synthetic conditions, and their morphology, size and uniformity changes were investigated. Synthesized nanoplates were sintered and the resulting bulk pellet showed low thermal conductivity. These results suggest that controllable synthesis of Sb2Te3 nanoplates and thermoelectric properties is feasible, and this methodology can be applied to other materials with a layered structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> hexagonal nanoplates were synthesized under various synthesis conditions. </LI> <LI> The morphology, size, and uniformity of the nanoplates were investigated. </LI> <LI> Sintered bulk pellet showed low thermal conductivity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>