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Surface segregation and oxidation of Pt<sub>3</sub>Ni(111) alloys under oxygen environment
Lee, H.C.,Kim, B.M.,Jeong, C.K.,Toyoshima, R.,Kondoh, H.,Shimada, T.,Mase, K.,Mao, B.,Liu, Z.,Lee, H.,Huang, C.Q.,Li, W.X.,Ross, P.N.,Mun, B.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 CATALYSIS TODAY - Vol.260 No.-
<P>Utilizing ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS), the surface segregation and oxidation of Pt3Ni(1 1 1) alloys are investigated as a function of temperature and oxygen pressure. The in situ AP-XPS measurements of oxygen oxidation process show that the Pt 'skin' surface is not stable under the exposure of oxygen pressure of 100 mTorr at room temperature. As the temperature and pressure are elevated, the formations of Ni2O3, NiOx, and NiO are observed on surface while Pt atom starts to reduce its adsorbed oxygen, which is a clear sign of surface segregation of Ni to surface. Upon the evacuation of oxygen gas, i.e. ultrahigh vacuum condition, both of NiOx and NiO oxide get reduced and Ni2O3 remains on the surface. The DFT calculation is employed to explain the formation of surface oxides under oxidation condition. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
M. D. Huang,이영백,B. J. Kim,B. . Hong,N. N. Lee,Y. V. Kudryavtev 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.2
This work concentrates on the icrostructure and the magnetic properties of Cu2MnAl thin films prepared on glass substrates at several different temperatures, from 150 to 690 K, in order to obtain alloy films with significantly different atomic orders. X-ray diffraction and transmissionelectron microscopy were employed to characterize the microstructure of the films. The magnetic properties were measured by using a superconducting-quantum-interference device and a vibratingsample magnetometer. The results show that the films deposited at elevated temperatures exhibit crystalline microstructures, while those fabricated at a low temperature are amorphous. Correspondingly, the crystalline films reveal ferromagnetic properties; on the other hand, the amorphous films turn out to be non-magnetic.
THE AzTEC/SMA INTERFEROMETRIC IMAGING SURVEY OF SUBMILLIMETER-SELECTED HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES
Younger, Joshua D.,Fazio, Giovanni G.,Huang, Jia-Sheng,Yun, Min S.,Wilson, Grant W.,Ashby, Matthew L. N.,Gurwell, Mark A.,Peck, Alison B.,Petitpas, Glen R.,Wilner, David J.,Hughes, David H.,Aretxaga, IOP Publishing 2009 The Astrophysical journal Vol.704 No.1
<P>We present results from a continuing interferometric survey of high-redshift submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) with the Submillimeter Array, including high-resolution (beam size similar to 2 arcsec) imaging of eight additional AzTEC 1.1 mm selected sources in the COSMOS field, for which we obtain six reliable (peak signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 5 or peak S/N > 4 with multiwavelength counterparts within the beam) and two moderate significance (peak S/N > 4) detections. When combined with previous detections, this yields an unbiased sample of millimeter-selected SMGs with complete interferometric follow up. With this sample in hand, we (1) empirically confirm the radio-submillimeter association, (2) examine the submillimeter morphology-including the nature of SMGs with multiple radio counterparts and constraints on the physical scale of the far infrared-of the sample, and (3) find additional evidence for a population of extremely luminous, radio-dim SMGs that peaks at higher redshift than previous, radio-selected samples. In particular, the presence of such a population of high-redshift sources has important consequences for models of galaxy formation-which struggle to account for such objects even under liberal assumptions-and dust production models given the limited time since the big bang.</P>
Study in Mechanism of Hydrogen Retention by C - SiC Films with IR
N. K. Huang,Q. Xiong,V. G. Liu,B. Yang,D. Z. Wang 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2002 Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology Vol.6 No.1
C-SiC films with different content of SiC on stainless steel substrate were prepared with ion beam mixing. It was found that hydrogen concentrations in C-SiC coatings was higher than that in stainless steel after H^+ ion implantation followed by thermal annealing. Infrared (IR) transmission measurement was used to study the mechanism of hydrogen retention by C-SiC films. The vibrational features in the range between 400 and 3200 ㎝-¹ in IR transmission spectra show the Si-CH₃, Si-CH₂, Si-H, CH₂, and CH₃ bonds, which are responsible for retaining hydrogen.
Development of the 3.7 GHz LHCD System on HL-2A
B. Lu,M. Huang,H. Zeng,X. Y. Bai,X. H. Mao,Z. H. Lu,J. Liang,Z. H. Kang,M. W. Wang,K. Feng,H. Wang,C. Wang,J. Q. Wang,S. Wei,T. Yao,Y. N. Bu,J. Feng,G. Y. Cheng,S. D. Song,D. H. Xia,J. Rao 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.8
A 2 MW-3.7 GHz lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system is under development for physicsexperiments on the HL-2A device. The RF Power is generated by four TH2103A klystron amplifiersand propagates in the TE10 mode through WR284 waveguides. The transmission lines with a lengthof 20 m to 30 m are pressurized with 2 bars of nitrogen to decrease the possibility of arcing. Thelauncher, based on the passive-active multi-junction (PAM) concept, has been developed and iscurrently being realized. It was designed for a power spectrum peaked at Nk = 2.75 with goodcoupling properties over a wide range of plasma parameters. The four klystrons are fed by ahigh-voltage power supply (HVPS) based on the pulse step modulation (PSM) concept with a fastswitch-off time of less than ten μs. This system is expected to be in operation within 1 years and willexplore many international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) related LH experiments inthe following years.
Correlation between Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni$_2$MnIn Films
M. D. Huang,B. J. Kim,이주열,N. N. Lee,이영백,Y. V. Kudryavtsev 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.1
The relationship between the microstructure and magnetism of Ni2MnIn lms has been investigated. Glancing-angle X-ray diraction and transmission-electron microscopy were adopted to characterize the microstructure of the lms. The magnetization results were obtained in both zero-eld-cooling and eld-cooling modes, under an applied eld of 100 Oe. The results show that the lms deposited at 730 K have ordered structures and exhibit ferromagnetic characteristics, while those deposited at low temperature are disordered and lose their magnetism. However, postannealing at 750 K for 2 hours converted the disordered structure into an ordered and ferromagnetic one. It was found that the deposition conditions were critical to the microstructure of the lms as well as the magnetic properties.
A class of generalized evolution variational inequalities in Banach spaces
Xiao, Y.b.,Huang, N.j.,Cho, Y.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS Vol.25 No.6
In the present paper, a class of generalized evolution variational inequalities arising in a number of quasistatic frictional contact problems for viscoelastic materials is introduced and studied. Using Banach's fixed point theorem, the existence and uniqueness theorem of the solution for the generalized evolution variational inequalities is proved under some suitable assumptions.
In Search of the Optimum Tariffs Under Third-Degree Price Discrimination
( C. W. Yang ),( S. N. Sohng ),( B. N. Huang ),( Cindy H. P. Peng ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2006 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.21 No.1
Tariff literature on third-degree price discrimination remains only lightly explored. The purpose of the paper is to investigate whether there exist optimum tariffs in the presence of different demand elasticities. We explore (i) the case of optimum uniform ad valorem tariff, and (ii) the case of optimum discriminatory ad valorem tariffs. A two-stage optimization approach is used: profit is maximized for a foreign firm in the first stage and importing country`s optimum tariff rates are determined under maximization of welfare (sum of consumer surplus and tariff revenue). The result indicates that the optimum tariffs may not exist even with a set of well-behaved linear demand functions. Consequently, computer simulations are needed with cost and demand parameters to ensure better welfare position for home country.