경계형·외현형 편집증의자기개념과 타인개념 및 귀인양식

이현우,이훈진 한국임상심리학회 2006 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.25 No.2

The present study attempted to identify the guarded paranoia, and the self-concept, the other-concept, and the attributional styles of the guarded paranoia compared with those of the frank paranoia. In Study 1, the MMPI Pa, L, K scales, the Paranoia Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Self-Other Concept Scale, and the Social Reasoning Questionnaire were administered to 56 persecutory deluded patients. Based on the MMPI Pa scale and Naiveté subscale, eight guarded paranoid patients and 10 frank paranoid patients were selected. The guarded paranoia showed higher scores on L and K scales, and reported more positive self-concept and lower depression than the frank paranoia. These results were supported by the cluster analysis including all of the 56 patients. In Study 2, guarded paranoid tendency group and the frank paranoid tendency group were selected from 271 college students. The guarded paranoid tendency group showed higher L and K scores and lower depression, and reported the most positive self and other-concept compared to the other groups. These results were similar with those from the patient groups. The suggestions and the limitations of this study, and the directions of future study were discussed.

편집증에서 이분법적 사고의 작용

황성훈,이훈진 한국임상심리학회 2009 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.28 No.4

This study aimed to investigate the role of dichotomous thinking (DT) as a major vulnerability in paranoia, testing the hypotheses that paranoid persons may use more DT and that paranoid symptoms may result from the dichotomous interpretation of interpersonal life events. When measured via the Dichotomous Thinking Index, the paranoid group (69 college students screened with Paranoia Scale) used DT more than control group (67 college students screened with Paranoia Scale) did. There was a larger difference between the groups on the ‘social splitting’ subscale, which divides persons into my side vs. your side, friend vs. enemy. We subsequently analyzed the whole sample (338 persons) by means of multiple regressions calculated with the paranoia score as a dependent measure and with each DT and life event as independent variables. The results showed DT interacted with interpersonal life events (such as criticism, and refusal) to predict the paranoid symptoms. However, non-interpersonal events (such as financial difficulty, and disease) didn't interact with DT in predicting paranoia. That is, the results showed the pathological functioning of DT in paranoia is confirmed but confined to the domain of interpersonal relationships. These results support the hypothesis that DT plays a role as cognitive vulnerability in paranoia. Finally, we discuss implications and limitations of this study and present directions for future researches.

외로움이 편집증에 미치는 영향: 자기개념의 매개효과

박문섭(Moonseob Park),현명호(Myoung-Ho Hyun) 대한스트레스학회 2020 스트레스硏究 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구는 외로움과 편집증의 관계에서 자기개념의 매개효과를 확인하고자 실시되었다. 총 149명의 참가자(남 70명, 여 79명, 평균 연령 22.05세)에게서 외로움, 편집증, 그리고 자기개념을 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외로움은 자기개념과 부적 상관, 편집증과 정적 상관이 있었으며, 자기개념은 편집증과 부적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 자기개념은 외로움과 편집증의 관계를 유의하게 매개하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 외로움이 자기개념에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 이것이 편집증으로 이어지는 경로를 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구를 통해 외로움에 대한 임상적 관심의 필요성을 강조하고, 나아가 편집증의 완화에 있어서 외로움이라는 정서와 자기개념을 다루는 것이 중요함을 제안하였다. Background: Although there is a relationship between paranoia and loneliness in several studies, the mechanisms that explain how loneliness augments paranoia remain unclear. The study investigates the effects of self-concept in the relationship between loneliness and paranoia. Methods: 149 participants (male N=70, female N=79, mean age: 22.05 years) completed the questionnaires measuring levels of loneliness, self-concept, and paranoia. Results: Data from this study show that loneliness has a significantly negative effect on self-concept and positive effect on paranoia. Self-concept has a significantly negative effect on paranoia. Also, it was analyzed that meditating effect on self-concept is significant on the relationship between loneliness and paranoia Conclusions: Based on the result of this study, it was confirmed that loneliness could activate self-concept negatively, which leads to an increase in paranoia. Also, current results suggested that in the treatment of paranoia, it was important to deal with feeling of loneliness as well as intervention in self-concept.

초현실주의 회화에 나타난 광증의 변용적 수용에 관한 연구

이은주 서양미술사학회 2009 서양미술사학회논문집 Vol.31 No.-

Entering the 20th century, artistry created by the insane gained a new perspective. Collecting and researching on works of the insane began in earnest and the attempts to reposition their works by aesthetical issue not as materials for clinical studies, grow rapidly. To Surrealists, who inherited the Dada standpoint, the discourse of the insane became a specific medium that equipped them to confront bourgeois value of rationalism and pragmatism. Due to the very fact that the insanity had been driven out from the realm of rationalistic institutions, it could be utilized as an effective way of denouncing the dominant culture. Surrealists not merely extolled the insanity but adopted it positively as an anti-conventional art methodology. André Breton thought that the dream and the real world would interpenetrate just like in a communicative vessel, and this communication between contradictory worlds could reveal “convulsive beauty”. Breton proclaimed that the mission on Surrealism was to create marvelous reality breaking a wall between imagination and rationality, and insanity could be a substantiated model of the Surrealist goal. While working at a psychiatric ward during the first World War, André Breton learned about psychiatric theories and was influenced by psychic automatism from the insane’s illogical discourse, which led him to write “the Magnetic Fields(Les champs magnéiques)”, the first work created by the method of automatic writing. The graphic automatism excluding the artist’s rational intervention was attempted in Surrealist paintings. It was medium paintings that Surrealist paintings modeled. Mediums were diagnosed as schizophrenia by psychiatrists and Breton himself saw mediumism as split personality’s monologue rather than communication with souls of the dead. Breton viewed the crucial value of automatism in Surrealism, unlike mediumism, as integrating split personalities. Compared to the mechanical and systemic automatism exhibited in the insane’s works or the medium paintings, automatist images in the works of André Masson or Yves Tanguy evolve into whole new symbolic images through the process of metamorphosis, which integrates confrontational elements. These images manifest intrinsically integral nature of human existence. Commemorating the 50th anniversary of hysteria in 1928, André Breton and Louis Aragon defined hysteria as “the greatest poetic discovery of the 19th century” An image of a female hysteria patient in Jean Martin Charcot’s Photographic Iconography of the Salpêrièe led Surrealists to acknowledging hysteria as a disease of potential eroticism and it offered them visual symbols on insanity. Max Ernst visualized a hysteria patient’s hallucination in his collage novel(roman-collage), particularly in The Hundred-Headless Woman(La femme 100 têtes) and Dream of a little girl who wanted to enter the Carmelite order(Rêve d’une petite fille qui volut entrer au Carmel), in which they describe a long nightmare-like fantasy world. Through psychology of the female hysteria patient these novels trace out the Ernst’s own frustration and desire to deviation under domineering pressure of bourgeois families representing religiosity and patriarchy. As the theoretical foundation of Surrealism shifted from psychoanalysis to dialectical materialism after the second Surrealist manifesto, paranoia, a psychotic symptom of self-developed hallucination with its own delusional logic, became a new model replacing automatism and hysteria. Salvador Dali originated the “paranoia-critic” by which he used paranoiac patients’ delusional process in his artworks. Dali’s paranoia-critic was realized effectively by the method of “double image” where a single form connotes complicated concepts. In paranoia-critic applied artworks, a formative outcome itself becomes the result of objectified delusions. In this way paranoiac’s hallucinations are able to revive itself as ongoing ... Entering the 20th century, artistry created by the insane gained a new perspective. Collecting and researching on works of the insane began in earnest and the attempts to reposition their works by aesthetical issue not as materials for clinical studies, grow rapidly. To Surrealists, who inherited the Dada standpoint, the discourse of the insane became a specific medium that equipped them to confront bourgeois value of rationalism and pragmatism. Due to the very fact that the insanity had been driven out from the realm of rationalistic institutions, it could be utilized as an effective way of denouncing the dominant culture. Surrealists not merely extolled the insanity but adopted it positively as an anti-conventional art methodology. André Breton thought that the dream and the real world would interpenetrate just like in a communicative vessel, and this communication between contradictory worlds could reveal “convulsive beauty”. Breton proclaimed that the mission on Surrealism was to create marvelous reality breaking a wall between imagination and rationality, and insanity could be a substantiated model of the Surrealist goal. While working at a psychiatric ward during the first World War, André Breton learned about psychiatric theories and was influenced by psychic automatism from the insane’s illogical discourse, which led him to write “the Magnetic Fields(Les champs magnéiques)”, the first work created by the method of automatic writing. The graphic automatism excluding the artist’s rational intervention was attempted in Surrealist paintings. It was medium paintings that Surrealist paintings modeled. Mediums were diagnosed as schizophrenia by psychiatrists and Breton himself saw mediumism as split personality’s monologue rather than communication with souls of the dead. Breton viewed the crucial value of automatism in Surrealism, unlike mediumism, as integrating split personalities. Compared to the mechanical and systemic automatism exhibited in the insane’s works or the medium paintings, automatist images in the works of André Masson or Yves Tanguy evolve into whole new symbolic images through the process of metamorphosis, which integrates confrontational elements. These images manifest intrinsically integral nature of human existence. Commemorating the 50th anniversary of hysteria in 1928, André Breton and Louis Aragon defined hysteria as “the greatest poetic discovery of the 19th century” An image of a female hysteria patient in Jean Martin Charcot’s Photographic Iconography of the Salpêrièe led Surrealists to acknowledging hysteria as a disease of potential eroticism and it offered them visual symbols on insanity. Max Ernst visualized a hysteria patient’s hallucination in his collage novel(roman-collage), particularly in The Hundred-Headless Woman(La femme 100 têtes) and Dream of a little girl who wanted to enter the Carmelite order(Rêve d’une petite fille qui volut entrer au Carmel), in which they describe a long nightmare-like fantasy world. Through psychology of the female hysteria patient these novels trace out the Ernst’s own frustration and desire to deviation under domineering pressure of bourgeois families representing religiosity and patriarchy. As the theoretical foundation of Surrealism shifted from psychoanalysis to dialectical materialism after the second Surrealist manifesto, paranoia, a psychotic symptom of self-developed hallucination with its own delusional logic, became a new model replacing automatism and hysteria. Salvador Dali originated the “paranoia-critic” by which he used paranoiac patients’ delusional process in his artworks. Dali’s paranoia-critic was realized effectively by the method of “double image” where a single form connotes complicated concepts. In paranoia-critic applied artworks, a formative outcome itself becomes the result of objectified delusions. In this way paranoiac’s hallucinations are able to revive itself as ongoing viv...

정신증 고위험군과 조현병 환자에서 정서조절곤란, 귀인편향, 신경인지손상결핍 : 편집증과의 관계

김남욱,송윤영,박진영,백서연,강지인,이은,안석균 대한조현병학회 2014 대한조현병학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives : Paranoia is a complex phenomenon, affected by a number of factors such as depression, trait anxiety, and attributional bias in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to explore whether paranoia within continuum of clinical and subclinical states is associated with emotional dysregulation, attributional bias and neurocognitive impairment in whole individuals of normal controls, ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and schizophrenia. Methods : 101 normal controls, 50 participants at UHR for psychosis, and 49 schizophrenia patients were recruited. All subjects were asked to complete self-reported paranoia scale and emotional dysregulation scales including Rosenberg’s self-esteem, Spielberg’s state-trait anxiety inventory and Beck depression inventory. The attributional style was assessed by Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ). Participants were also requested to complete the comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Results : Multiple linear regression analysis showed that paranoia were found to be associated with emotional dysregulation (state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression), composite blaming bias in ambiguous situation, impairment of attention and working memory in whole participants [F (9, 190)=34.85, p<0.001, adjusted R2=0.61]. Conclusion : The main findings suggest that paranoia is a complex affective and cognitive structure that may be associated with emotional dysregulation, blaming bias and attention and working memory impairment in clinical and non-clinical paranoia.

Paranoia and Schizophrenia in Thomas Pynchon`s The Crying of Lot 49

( Sung Gyung Jo ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2010 현대영미소설 Vol.17 No.3

This thesis attempts to read from Thomas Pynchon`s The Crying of Lot 49 a range of social investments in the capitalist system through the window of Deleuze and Guattari`s Anti-Oedipus, which have the two results of paranoia and schizophrenia. Many critics have pointed out the importance of paranoia as one of the novel`s central issues. Some emphasize the transcendental experiences in the pursuit of Oedipa`s paranoid quest of meaning and order in the world. Other critics, in contrast, focus on the failure of Oedipa`s paranoid vision of the sacred world. Both positive and negative evaluations of paranoia are restrictive because they unconsciously presume that representing the world without unity or belief is a pessimistic view of the present. However, the text alludes to the possibility that the unprecedented condition of the fragmented present is not a negative picture of the world, but rather a vantage point for liberation from social oppression. This thesis first reveals that Oedipa preserves the epistemic framework of intellectual and religious paranoia. This thesis next examines that against the oppressive power of the paranoid investments, the text seeks the methods of deviation and anti-entropic possibilities from unregulated spaces. In these ways, Pynchon`s novel becomes a revolutionary text or a schizo-text which bears the potential for imploding the capitalist oppressions of paranoia.

수치심 기억과 도식적 신념이 편집성향에 미치는 영향

백다예,이훈진 한국임상심리학회 2017 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.36 No.1

This study aimed to clarify the effect of shame memory on paranoia and social anxiety, based on the study of Matos, Pinto- Gouveia, & Gilbert (2013). Shame has been conceptualized as a self-conscious emotion that focuses on the negative aspects of the self, but this study also notices that shame may be related to the perception of social put-down, neglect in interpersonal relationship. The three types of shame memories were measured; the internal shame memory, external shame memory, and external-humiliative shame memory. On the basis of threat anticipation model of paranoia, it is hypothesized that negative self and other schema mediate the relationship between the external-humiliative shame memory and paranoia. The effect of each shame memory on paranoia and social anxiety was analyzed. The results of regression analyses suggest that paranoia was predicted by the external-humiliative shame memory, and the social anxiety by internal shame memory. The negative beliefs about the self and others showed a partial mediation effect in the relationship between external-humiliative shame memory and paranoia. Implications, limitations and suggestions for future study are discussed.

Paranoia and Schizophrenia in Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49

조성경 한국현대영미소설학회 2010 현대영미소설 Vol.17 No.3

This thesis attempts to read from Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49 a range of social investments in the capitalist system through the window of Deleuze and Guattari’s Anti-Oedipus, which have the two results of paranoia and schizophrenia. Many critics have pointed out the importance of paranoia as one of the novel’s central issues. Some emphasize the transcendental experiences in the pursuit of Oedipa’s paranoid quest of meaning and order in the world. Other critics, in contrast, focus on the failure of Oedipa’s paranoid vision of the sacred world. Both positive and negative evaluations of paranoia are restrictive because they unconsciously presume that representing the world without unity or belief is a pessimistic view of the present. However, the text alludes to the possibility that the unprecedented condition of the fragmented present is not a negative picture of the world, but rather a vantage point for liberation from social oppression. This thesis first reveals that Oedipa preserves the epistemic framework of intellectual and religious paranoia. This thesis next examines that against the oppressive power of the paranoid investments, the text seeks the methods of deviation and anti-entropic possibilities from unregulated spaces. In these ways, Pynchon’s novel becomes a revolutionary text or a schizo-text which bears the potential for imploding the capitalist oppressions of paranoia.

대학생의 내현적 자기애가 우울과 편집에 미치는 영향: 상태분노의 조절효과를 중심으로

김혜리,김정민,서영임 한국정서행동장애학회 2016 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.32 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 내현적 자기애와 상태분노가 우울 및 편집에 미치는 상대적 영향력을 알아보고, 내현적 자기애가 우울과 편집에 미치는 영향에 대한 상태분노의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구는 서울, 경기, 인천 및 기타 소재의 전문대학 및 4년제 대학교에 재학 중인 남녀 대학생 800명을 대상으로 질문지를 실시하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 빈도분석, 평균, 표준편차, Pearson의 상관관계분석, 단계적 중다회귀분석, 위계적 중다회귀분석을 진행하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생의 우울과 편집에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 과민/취약성으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과민/취약성을 제외하고 대학생의 우울에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 상태분노였으며, 편집에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 착취/자기중심성인 것으로 드러났다. 셋째, 상태분노는 대학생의 내현적 자기애가 우울에 미치는 영향에 대해 조절효과를 갖는 것으로 나타난 반면, 편집에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 조절효과를 갖지 않는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to identify the relative influence of covert narcissism and state anger on college students’ depression and paranoia, and the moderating effects of state anger on the relationship between covert narcissism and both depression and paranoia. 800 college students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon and other areas were surveyed. The obtained data were analyzed by frequency analysis, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation, stepwise and hierarchical multiple regression. The main results of this study are as follow: First, hypersensitiveness/vulnerability was the most significant predictors of both depression and paranoia in college students. Second, while state anger was the second most significant predictor of depression, self-centeredness/exploitation was the second most significant predictor of paranoia. Third, the moderating effect of state anger was found in the relationship between covert narcissism and depression but was not found in the relationship between covert narcissism and paranoia.

“Find[ing] His Way Back into a Past”: Thomas Pynchon`s California Novels and Cold War Paranoia

( Seung Gu Lew ) 미국소설학회(구 한국호손학회) 2010 미국소설 Vol.17 No.1

Inherent Vice, which just came out last summer, is Pynchon`s third California novel about the Sixties, a period of eternal youth and beach sunlight besieged by the recurring surges of Cold War paranoia. In his first California novel, The Crying of Lot 49, Pynchon investigates the counter-cultural possibilities of paranoid imagination originally set in motion by the early Cold War dramas of public witch hunting, blacklisting, and spiritual persecution. The novel tends to embrace paranoia as a way of preserving political agency against the repressive regimes of government control and secrecy, often elevating paranoia to the level of almost religious epiphany or transcendence. When Pynchon revisits the Sixties with his second California novel more than twenty years later, however, the period is remembered on the whole as a failed experiment overdosed with the acid dreams of hippie revolution and utopian fantasy. Looking back from the resurgence of Cold War paranoia during the Reagan presidency to the Nixon era that signaled the end of the Sixties, Vineland is a mournful conjuration of the memories of betrayal and disillusionment, pointing to the dismal political valence of the paranoid mode of subversive imagination in the mid-80s and thereafter. Inherent !Ace is Pynchon`s latest attempt to salvage the Sixties, not so much by reclaiming its puerile idealism of instantaneous redemption and innocence as by recognizing in a way comic-sentimental all too human vulnerabilities or "inherent vices" in the comedy of error called the Sixties.