대학교육의 글로벌 스탠다드 의미와 유형 분석

이영호(Lee Young-Ho) 한국비교교육학회 2009 比較敎育硏究 Vol.19 No.3

이 연구는 무엇보다 대학교육에 대한 글로벌 스탠다드(global standards)의 의미와 성격을 분석하고자 하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 그리고 이 연구의 주요 연구 내용은 1) 대학교육의 국제화, 대학교육의 국제경쟁력, 그리고 대학교육의 글로벌 스탠다드에 대한 정의. 2) ENQA와 UNESCO/OECD의 고등교육 질 관리에 대한 지침, OECD의 주요 고등교육 지표, IMD의 대학 경쟁력 평가, 글로벌 대학의 순위 평가 등에 대한 분석을 토대로 대학교육의 글로벌 스탠다드의 유형에 대한 분류, 3) 국제화 추진에 필요한 ‘글로벌 스탠다드’ 개발의 과제로 요약할 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 주요 연구 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학교육에 대한 글로벌 스탠다드란 대학교육 질 보증에 대한 국제사회의 요구사항 또는 대학교육의 국제 경쟁력을 진단해 볼 수 있는 국제적 수준의 지표로 정의하고 있다. 둘째, ‘글로벌 스탠다드의 유형’을 ‘질 관리 요구형’․‘평가 인증형’․‘국제 비교형’․‘선진 대학 비교형’․‘글로벌 대학 순위 판정형 ’ 등과 같이 ‘글로벌 스탠다드의 유형’ 분류하고 있다. 셋째, 글로벌 스탠드 개발의 과제로 고등교육 질 보증에 대한 국제적 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 대학평가제도의 정비에 필요한 글로벌 지표의 개발과 한국 대학교육과 외국의 선진 대학교육을 비교해 볼 수 있는 글로벌 지표 개발의 필요성을 제안하고 있다. This study aims primarily to analyze for the meaning and nature of the global standards for university education. The main contents of this study are as follows: 1) The definition for the internationalization of university education based on the relationship between the globalization, the global standards and the international competitiveness of university education. 2) The classification of the type for the global standards of university education based on the analysis for “Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area”(2005), “UNESCO/OECD Guidelines on Quality Provision in Cross-Border Higher education”(2005), “Education At a Glance”(OECD, 2008) and IMD’s the examination and the global ranking evaluation of university education. 3) The suggestion for development of the global standards of university education required for strategy planning in order to improve the international competitiveness of university education. The following are the main conclusions of this research. The first, the global standards of university education is defined as international requirements for quality assurance of university education or it can be use the indicators of international level to diagnose the international competitiveness of university education. The second, the type of the global standards are classified as the form of the requirement of quality assurance, the accreditation of university education, the comparison of internationally advanced university education, an global university ranking. Third, It is suggested that it is a necessary to develop the global standards of university education in order to the maintenance for the system of university accreditation, compare the university of Korea with another being advanced the university of a foreign country.

국제학교 교육의 글로벌 경쟁력과 차별적 교육 쟁점: 제주영어교육도시 사례

정승모,권상철 한국도시지리학회 2018 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Globalization expands its spheres of influence into the educational field by establishing international schools. Korean government is hesitant to accept the educational globalization except international schools, the Jeju educational city in particular. International schools adopt international curriculum over national one which is cosmopolitan, versatile to international standard, and English medium which is considered competitive. But criticized are the transnational, westernized education and the socially reproductive nature for higher class. International schools at Jeju are under the critiques, but they have Korean and Korean Society classes, and adopt Korean stance on certain global issues. To be firmly rooted in locale, real cosmopolitan education including intercultural understanding, and practical activities together with local schools and students would strengthen the international curriculum and the global capacity of local schools and institutions. 세계화는 교육 영역으로도 확장되어 최근 경제적 측면과 연계된 국제학교의 등장으로 나타나고 있다. 한국은 공교육 분야에서는 세계화의 흐름에 적극적이지는 않지만, 예외적인 교육 특구를 조성해 국제학교 개설을 확대하고 있는데 제주영어교육도시가 대표적인 경우이다. 국제학교는 해당 국가의 교육과정이 아닌 국제 교육과정을 채택해 코스모폴리탄, 교육 이동성, 그리고 영어 능력을 경쟁력 강화 측면의 장점으로 강조하고 있으나, 교육의 탈국가화, 서구화, 그리고 사회계층의 재생산 측면에서 비판을 받는다. 글로벌 경쟁력과 차별적 교육이라는 갈등적 측면에서 제주영어교육도시 국제학교는 국제 교육과정을 따르며 내국인의 입학에 제약이 없고 영어를 사용한 수업 진행, 비싼 등록금 등으로 교육의 계층화라는 비판을 받고 있지만, 국내 학생의 국어와 사회 과목 수업 의무화, 국내 이슈를 일부 교육과정에 반영하고 있다. 국제학교는 지역 뿌리 내림을 위해 국제 교육과정에 충실하게 서구화를 넘어 코스모폴리탄 교육, 창의–활동–봉사의 비교과 활동을 지역 문화 이해와 연계한 활동의 확대, 그리고 지역의 교사, 학생들 간 교류 활성화를 통한 상호 이해 증대와 교육 역량 교류를 지향점으로 상호 학습적 관계를 만들어 갈 수 있다.

한국 교육서비스 국제경쟁력 영향 요인 분석에 관한 연구

로요(Yao Lu),이성준(Sung-Joon Lee) 한국무역연구원 2017 무역연구 Vol.13 No.5

This study is to acquire the influence factors of international competitiveness of education service in Korea through literature research method, conduct theoretical investigation and collect relevant antecedent thesis research. Statistics on the international competitiveness of Korean education services are collected from the World Trade Organization website. Using TCI (Trade Comparative Index) and Grey Relational Analysis to find the influenctial factors of international competitiveness. The results show that the deficit in educational services has been reversed. In addition, from the TCI analysis comparison of the international competitiveness between Korea and advanced countries on education services. Korea is an importing country whose overseas consumption more than overseas income. From the Grey Relational Analysis on the influential factors of the international competitiveness of educational services trade in Korea. The results shows the rate of graduate school and university, the ratio of all schools, the ratio of professors and students, the comparative cost of GDP, etc. have significant influences. The number of universities, the rate of GDP and education costs have moderate influences and the proportion of faculty have lower influence.

각급학교·대학간 연계정책 대안(Ⅱ)

유향산(Ryu, Hyang San) 성신여자대학교 교육문제연구소 2003 교육연구 Vol.37 No.-

이 코스에서 가장 핵심적인 코스 내용은 향후 우리나라가 고등학교, 대학간 교양강좌와의 <<연계수겅제도>>를 정책화하려는 데 이를 담장하는 정책입안자들이 스스로 준비된 연계정책가로 자리를 지킬 수 있도록 하는데 필요한 테마연구내용이다. Because of the school problems/ their social issues diffusing from 「out of school」to 「in-school」, we need to have not micro-approach but macro-approach for the solving. The following issues are very serious. First, our private education expenses are substitued for the non-competitive public education. Second, the graduated students from the university could not be able to get a working place in our society. In other words, we have to connected each level schools, especially high school student from 2nd and 3rd grade with university for mutual promoted competitive power. In the case of governmental organizations, they are always connected each other for the helping system. For solving of the above probelms /issues, we have the topic : The Alternatives(Ⅱ)for the Educational Ploicy Connected All Level Schools with University : through the Development of the Comparative Course of study for the Buildings of the Public & Higher Education's Competitive Power by the Mutual Promotion Process Each Other. I have been hosted the International Conference about the topic during 2001-2003 for the development of the comparative studies course such as Master's Course through the function of the Conference. And I have analyzed the Connected Educational Policies form Magnet Schools of America, Magnet Schools, Charter Schools, and the National Institute for Educational Options, Fischler Graduate School of Education and Human Services, Nova Southeastern University. On the other hand, analyzed the Connected Educational Policies or the Choice of School for the public education from Seoul Foreign School managed one school campus town for the K-12 Students integrated by the educational management. I also Korean Educational Policies for the public Education and the higher education competitive power by the mutual promotional process. Finally I have founded the key words building the Connected Educational Policy between the public education and the higher educatopn by the mutual promotion. The First Word: the Builing of Connected Mind of the Educational Policy-Makers, The Second Word : the Building of Connected Educational Policy between each level schools and the univerities, The Third Word : the Development of the International Comparative Course of Study for the Competitive Power for the Public Education and the Higher Education through the mutual promotion. I will play coontinuously to be a host for the International Conference for the function of the master's course for the policy makers to make of the competitive power between the public education and the higher education.

지역발전을 위한 인적자원 개발방안

이학춘 한국비교노동법학회 2007 노동법논총 Vol.11 No.-

Today's economy is defined by knowledge. Knowledge is growing and changing so rapidly, that our society has to become one of life-long education. The Korean national government has understood that the development of human resources is the most important factor in order to cope with the intense international competition. Our government tries to implement measures to awaken the potentials in the development of the talents of each person. We can classify human resources into four categories: international talent, national talent, regional talent and general talent. In developing human resources, the Korean government has decided to focus on the regional level. But, until now, those regional human resources have not been clearly defined. And, their cultivation poses many problems. Firstly, most of the local governments lack a strategy to cultivate best human resources in specific fields and they fail to cooperate with local universities and colleges. Our local governments tend to disregard the importance of human resource development and do not maintain specific departments of social education. They have to cooperate with established educational organizations to supply workers in demand to the local economy and give financial support to educate such human resources. That is the main strategy to reduce unemployment rates. Secondly, each local government confines its efforts for the improvement of local human resources to people from its own region. But, local companies must compete with international enterprises and they have to have internationally competitive resources in order to survive in a global economy. In a highly centralized society such as ours, there remain few outstanding talents in local universities. So, the local governments must not confine their efforts to human resources within their boundaries. If local universities can educate international human resources, then those talents can help to improve the local economy. Thirdly, there is no cooperation system between local governments, like in the case of Busan, Kyungnam, Ulsan and Jeju. These regions are in dire need of human resources. Those governments must establish educational strategies to supply workers to the companies in local provinces. Local governments have to divide their roles in cultivating international human resources in specific fields. In conclusion, central and local government must recognize the importance of the cultivation of specific human resources and cooperate in that endeavour.

호텔산업의 직무-교육 불일치는 해소되는가? - 직무이동이론과 직무경쟁이론의 적용 -

이은수 한국관광학회 2017 관광학연구 Vol.41 No.10

This study identified the difference of job-education mismatch according to demographics and job characteristics to see if job-education mismatch in the Korean hospitality industry is a temporary phenomenon or a long-lasting problem. Job mobility theory based on human capital theory supports the theory that job-education mismatch is a temporary mismatch because overeducated workers rapidly get promoted or move to higher level jobs. However, job competitiveness theory describes job-education mismatch as a long-lasting problem with negative effects on productivity. The data were collected from employees in five deluxe hotels throughout Seoul. After removing any spoiled submissions, 291 surveys were analyzed. The results showed that job-education mismatch was reduced as age, tenure, and internal/external career mobility increased to a certain extent, but it was proved a chronic problem in the overall results. It was found that job-education mismatch in the Korean hospitality industry can be a persistent phenomenon rather than a temporary mismatch. Furthermore, it was found that job-education mismatch is better explained by job competitiveness theory than it is by job mobility theory. In the final section, theoretical and practical implications of these results are suggested. 본 연구는 국내 호텔산업 종사자들을 대상으로 직무-교육 불일치가 지속적인 현상인지 일시적인 현상인지를 진단하고자 하는 목적으로 인구 통계적 특성과 직무특성에 따른 지각된 직무-교육 불일치의 차이를 검증하였다. 인적자본론에 기초한 직무이동이론에서는 과잉교육을 받은 근로자는 쉽게 승진하거나 상급의 직무로 이동하므로 직무-교육 불일치를 일시적 현상으로 본 반면 직무경쟁이론에서는 직무-교육 불일치를 생산성에 부정적 효과를 유발하는 고질적인 문제로 보았다. 설문은 서울 지역 5개 특급호텔의 직원을 대상으로 선정하여 총 312부를 수거하였으며, 이 중 불성실한 답변 21부를 제외하고 291부를 분석에 사용하였다. 분석 결과 성별과 전직경험에 따른 교육-직무 불일치의 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았고, 연령과 근속기간, 직급, 총 업계종사기간, 근무부서 등의 특무특성에 따라 교육-직무 불일치의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 그러나 전반적인 연구결과를 보면, 연령 및 직무이동 등에 의하여 교육-직무 불일치는 어느 정도 감소하기는 하지만, 호텔산업의 직무-교육 불일치는 일시적인 현상이 아니라 지속적인인 문제로 남아있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 호텔산업의 교육-직무 불일치는 직무이동이론보다는 직무경쟁이론에 의해 보다 잘 설명될 수 있었다. 마지막으로 연구 결과를 통하여 도출할 수 있는 이론적ㆍ실무적 시사점을 논의하였다.

갈채와 망각, 그 뒤란의 `산업 전사`들 `국제기능경기대회`와 1970∼80년대의 기능인력

김태호 ( Kim Tae Ho ) 역사문제연구소 2016 역사문제연구 Vol.20 No.2

This article traces the historical root of the “International Vocational Training Competition(IVTC),” an international event currently known as the “WorldSkills Competition.” The Competition, better known to South Koreans as the “International Skill Olympics,” was initiated in the post-civil war Spain in 1947 as a national event and soon expanded as a regional event in the Western Europe. What has made it a serious international competition was, however, the all-out participation from three East Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Specifically, the Park Chung Hee administration(1962∼1979) in South Korea noticed it as a useful opportunity for encouraging vocational training and eventually for providing a solid foundation for the heavy industry. The government held domestic vocational training competitions to select and train group of technicians to join the international competition. Korean mass media, as well as the state organizations, attempted to mobilize younger generation to pursue their career as skilled workers, by highlighting how the young participants had overcome poverty and misfortune with nothing other than their own skills. Thanks to the concerted efforts by the state and corporations, South Korea could have maintained its unrivaled excellence in the competition since 1977. Despite their outstanding performance, however, the gold-medalist technicians could not earn proper reward. Although they received enthusiastic applause in the late 1970s, the end of the Park administration and the socio-economic changes in the South Korean society in the 1980s gradually diminished the importance of the IVTC. Accordingly, South Korean people`s appreciation of skilled labor became even poorer, along with the rise of the “engineers,” as a more professional and admirable group.

국제과학기술경진대회 사례 분석을 통한 전국과학전람회 방향 모색

장혜원,김중복 한국현장과학교육학회 2013 현장과학교육 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 과학경진대회에 대한 시야를 넓히고 새로운 변화를 모색하기 위한 시사점을 얻기 위해 국제과학기술경진대회의 운영체계를분석하는 데 있다. 참여관찰, 인터뷰, 문헌분석을 통해 얻은 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 과학기술경연대회는 경연 (검토, 인터뷰, 심사), 교육 (심포지엄, 노벨수상자와의 대화, 엑스포), 네트워킹 행사 (학생 핀 교환, 전문가와의 인터뷰, 언론과의 인터뷰), 과학대중화 행사 (대중 초대의 날)로 구성되어 운영한다. 둘째, 작품 검토와 심사가 이중으로 진행되며 창의적 능력, 과학적 사고/공학적 목표, 완벽성, 기술적 측면, 명확성에 대한 심사가 이루어진다. 셋째, 최신 국제 연구 및 실험윤리기준이 적용된 심사기준에 따라 참가하는 영재 학생들은 연구자로서의 지켜야할 윤리적 기준을 학습한다. 넷째, 심사는 평균 점수와 통계자료를 바탕으로 분야별 심사자들의 합의를 통해 결정된다. 마지막으로 개최년도부터 지금까지 전문성을 지닌 조직이운영해오고 있는 바, 과학교육 네트워크가 선순환 되는 시스템을 만들었다. 본 연구 결과는 현재 우리나라에서 진행되고 있는 전국과학전람회를 비롯한많은 대회들을 반추하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the operating system of the International Science and Engineering Fair to obtain implications and explore the new changes for broadening horizons of the National Science Fair. Obtained through participant observation, interviews, and literature analysis, results of this study are as follows. First, International Science and Engineering Fair is made up of competition (review, interview and evaluation), education (symposium, talks with Nobel laureates and Expo), networking (students pin exchange, expert interviews and the media interview) and the popularization of science (public day). Second, all projects are reviewed by the Scientific Review Committee prior to competition. Evaluation criteria is assigned to creative ability, scientific thought or engineering goals, thoroughness, skill and clarity. Third,participants learn ethical standards and the latest international rules in research. Fourth assessment is done by discussion of judges and co-chairs with the average scores and statistics data. Since organization with expertise have held the fair since 1950,a virtuous cycle system of science education network has been created. The result of this study will be used to reflect on many fairs including the National Science Fair.

장애인휠체어컬링의 현황과 국제경쟁력 강화를 위한 방안 모색

강명구 한국스포츠학회 2023 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구는 문헌자료를 조사하여 장애인휠체어컬링의 현황을 도출하고 전문체육위원회의 의견을 수렴하여 국제경쟁력 강화를 위한 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 문헌조사는 2022베이징동계패럴림픽 휠체어컬링 국가대표 평가회, 2022 코리아휠체어컬링리그 종합평가보고서와 대한장애인컬링협회 홈페이지, 13편의 논문, 컬링 훈련지도서 등을 수집, 검토하였다. 전문가 의견조사는 전문체육위원회의 회의록을 활용하였다. 2023년 3월 16일 제1차 회의록부터 10월 16일 제11차 회의록까지 검토하였다. 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 인프라의 확장이다. 젊은 신인 선수를 발굴하여 훈련시켜 선수층을 확장시켜야 할 것이다. 둘째, 경쟁력 확보이다. 우수한 선수 및 지도자의 선발을 위해 개별 선발로의 변화는 경기력을 향상시켜 국제경쟁력을 높일 수 있다. 셋째, 환경조성이다. 대한장애인컬링협회는 2022년부터 휠체어컬링리그를 신설하였다. 전 세계적으로 유일무이하며, 대중화, 경기력 향상, 전문 인력 및 신인선수 양성을 목표로 2026동계패럴림픽 메달획득이라는 비전을 달성하기 위하여 최선의 노력을 경주를 하고 있다. 이에 정부 및 유관기관 그리고 후원사 등의 지원이 필요하다. The purpose of this study is to investigate literature data to derive the current status of wheelchair curling for the disabled and to seek ways to strengthen international competitiveness by collecting opinions from the professional sports committee. The literature survey collected and reviewed the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics Wheelchair Curling National Evaluation Council, the 2022 Korea Wheelchair Curling League Comprehensive Evaluation Report, the web-site of the Korea Disabled Curling Association, 13 papers, and curling training guidelines. The expert opinion survey used the minutes of the Professional Sports Committee. From the first meeting minutes of 2023 on March 16, 2023 to the 11th meeting minutes on October 16, 2023 were reviewed. The following conclusions were drawn. The first is the expansion of infrastructure. It is necessary to expand the player base by discovering and training young rookie players. Second, securing competitiveness. The change to individual selection for the selection of excellent players and leaders can improve performance and increase international competitiveness. Third, environmental development. The Korea Disabled Curling Association has established a wheelchair curling league since 2022. It is unique in the world and is racing to achieve its vision of winning medals at the 2026 Winter Paralympics with the aim of popularizing, improving performance, and training professionals and rookies. Accordingly, active support for the government, related organizations, and sponsors is needed.

한국 법학교육 정상화 방안

이관희(Lee, Kwan Hee) 한국헌법학회 2013 憲法學硏究 Vol.19 No.3

Legal education of Koea is presently in a big crisis, for there are intrinsical problems in Law School system. Traditional 4 years legal education limped and so civil legal education which forms a base of legalism is being crumbled, and therefore the following generation cultivation of legal researchers is being failed and finally the base of Law School education itself is resulted to lose. As expected problems themselves has already been revealed, now at the fifth year since the departure of the Law School is spreading the situaton that the Law School system itself can not survive without the operation of the renovation knife as soon as possible. The core of renovation is that the epoch-making measure to make traditional 4 years legal education alive is done and on that base must the education of Law School be developed. In behalf of that measure must the traditional 4 years legal education, above all, be recognized, and therefore a bachelor of laws(LL.B.) can graduate Law School as in japan and must be separated from not-LL.B. of 3 years. And then the State Law Examination which,until now, has been center of legal education must be, not abolished, maintained at least 500 number of personnel and the full number of personnel of Law School, for a year, must be reduced to the level of 1500. And therefore the Law Schools where separate education of LL.B.ㆍnot-LL.B. for 2yearㆍ3year are difficult to be fulfilled for the reason of specialty and finance etc., return to the Law Department and must play a role to restore traditional jurisprudence. And the other surviving Law Schools should be upgraded to the middle-large of 100-200 personnel, and then they will have the international competitiveness in the period FTA of opening international lawyer market. 현재 한국의 법학교육은 로스쿨제도의 본질적인 문제점으로 큰 위기에 처해 있다. 전통 4년의 법학교육이 파행되면서 법치주의 기반이 되는 시민법학 교육이 무너지고 있고, 그것은 법학 학문 후속세대 양성실패와 궁극적으로 로스쿨 교육도 그 기반을 잃어버리게 되는 결과를 초래하고 있는 것이다. 이미 로스쿨 출범 5년차에 들어서서 예상했던 문제점이 그대로 들어나고 있기 때문에 한시바삐 개혁의 칼로 수술하지 않고는 로스쿨 제도 자체를 유지할 수 없는 국면이 전개되고 있는 것이다. 개혁의 핵심은 전통법학 4년 교육을 살리는 획기적 조치를 하고 그것을 기반으로 로스쿨 교육을 발전시켜 나가야 한다는 것이다. 이를 위해서는 우선 전통 법과대학의 4년 교육을 제대로 인정하여 로스쿨 교육에서 법학사는 일본처럼 2년 교육으로 졸업시켜 비법학사 3년과 구분해야 한다. 그리고 이제까지 법과대학 교육의 중심이 되어 왔던 사법시험을 폐지할 것이 아니라 500명 정도 존치시키고 로스쿨 총정원은 1500명 정도로 축소해야 한다는 것이다. 그리하여 전문성과 재정 등 여러 가지 이유로 법학사ㆍ비법학사를 2년ㆍ3년으로 구분해서 교육하기 어려운 로스쿨은 다시 법과대학으로 복귀하여 전통법학을 복원하는 역할을 하고, 남는 로스쿨은 100명 이상 200명 이하의 중ㆍ대형으로 해야 FTA 국제법률시장 개방시대에 국제경쟁력을 가질 수 있다는 것이다.