Resistance of Cucumber Grafting Rootstock Pumpkin Cultivars to Chilling and Salinity Stresses

Yang Xu,Shi-rong Guo,He Li,Hong-zhu Sun,Na Lu,Sheng Shu,Jin Sun 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.2

Grafting using a pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) rootstock is an effective way to improve cucumber (Cucumis sativus ) resistance to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses. We evaluated the tolerance of 15 pumpkin cultivars to chilling, salinity, and combined stresses at the germination and seedling stages. Selected plant characteristics, including germination rate, germination potential, germination index, plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight, and dry weight, were analyzed. We used the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean for cluster analyses to determine the stress tolerance levels of the pumpkin cultivars. The 15 cultivars were divided into three clusters: tolerant, moderately tolerant, and susceptible to stress treatments. The stress tolerances of all cultivars were variable in the germination and seedling stages, and most cultivars were not tolerant to individual treatments of chilling or salinity stresses at both stages. These results suggest that identifying suitable cultivars for use as rootstock during cucumber grafting should involve the evaluation of stress tolerance during different growth stages. Additionally, cultivars tolerant to chilling stress may not be tolerant to salinity stress; therefore, the choice of pumpkin rootstock should depend on where the grafted plant will be grown. Cultivars tolerant to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses may be useful as rootstock for cucumber grafting. Our findings may serve as reference material for choosing appropriate pumpkin rootstocks for cucumber grafting.

Lung Cancer in a Rural Area of China: Rapid Rise in Incidence and Poor Improvement in Survival

Yang, Juan,Zhu, Jian,Zhang, Yong-Hui,Chen, Yong-Sheng,Ding, Lu-Lu,Kensler, Thomas W,Chen, Jian-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Background: Lung cancer has been a major health problem in developed countries for several decades, and has emerged recently as the leading cause of cancer death in many developing countries. The incidence of lung cancer appears to be increasing more rapidly in rural than in urban areas of China. This paper presents the trends of lung cancer incidence and survival derived from a 40-year population-based cancer monitoring program in a rural area, Qidong, China. Materials and Methods: The Qidong cancer registration data of 1972-2011 were used to calculate the crude rate, age-standardized rate by Chinese population (CASR) and by world population (WASR), birth cohort rates, and other descriptive features. Active and passive methods were used to construct the data set, with a deadline of the latest follow-up of April 30, 2012. Results: The total number of lung cancer cases was 15,340, accounting for 16.5% of all sites combined. The crude incidence rate, CASR and WASR of this cancer were 34.1, 15.7 and 25.4 per 100,000, respectively. Males had higher crude rates than females (49.7 vs 19.0). Rapidly increasing trends were found in annual percent change resulting in lung cancer being a number one cancer site after year 2010 in Qidong. Birth cohort analysis showed incidence rates have increased for all age groups over 24 years old. The 5 year observed survival rates were 3.55% in 1973-1977, 3.92 in 1983-1987, 3.69% in 1993-1997, and 6.32% in 2003-2007. Males experienced poorer survival than did females. Conclusions: Lung cancer has become a major cancer-related health problem in this rural area. The rapid increases in incidence likely result from an increased cigarette smoking rate and evolving environmental risk factors. Lung cancer survival, while showing some improvement in prognosis, still remains well below that observed in the developed areas of the world.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of Novel (E)-3-(1-(Alkyloxyamino)ethylidene)-1-alkylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione Derivatives

Zhu, Zhao-Yong,Shi, Qing-Ming,Han, Bao-Feng,Wang, Xian-Feng,Qiang, Sheng,Yang, Chun-Long Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.9

Twenty novel tetramic acid derivatives (E)-3-(1-(alkyloxyamino)ethylidene)-1-alkylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones were synthesized by the reaction of 3-(1-hydroxyethylidene)pyrrolidine-2,4-diones with O-alkyl hydroxylamines. The title compounds were confirmed by IR, $^1H$ NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The structure of compound 6r was further verified by X-ray diffraction crystallography. The bioassays showed that most of the title compounds exhibited noticeable herbicidal and fungicidal activities.

Safety Assessment of Ovarian Cryopreservation and Transplantation in Nude Mice Bearing Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Zhu, Gen-Hai,Wang, Sheng-Tan,Yang, Zhao-Xin,Cai, Jun-Hong,Chen, Chun-Ying,Yao, Mao-Zhong,Hong, Lan,He, Guo-Li,Yang, Shu-Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objective: Nude mice with orthotopic transplantation of human ovarian epithelial cancer were used to investigate screening criteria for paraneoplastic normal ovarian tissue and the security of the freezing and thawing for ovarian tissue transplantation. Methods: Expression of CK-7, CA125, P53, survivin, MMP-2/TIMP-2 in paraneoplastic normal ovarian tissues were detected by RT-PCR as well as immunohistochemistry. The tissues of the groups with all negative indicators of RT-PCR, all negative indicators of immunohistochemistry, negative expression of CK-7, CA125 and survivin, positive expression of CK-7, CA125 and survivin, cancer tissues and normal ovarian tissues of nude mice were used for freezing and thawing transplantation, to analyze overt and occult carcinogenesis rates after transplantation. Results: When all indicators or the main indicators, CK-7, CA125 and survivin, were negative, tumorigenesis did not occur after transplantation. In addition the occult carcinogenesis rate was lower than in the group with positive expression of CK-7, CA125 and survivin (P<0.01). After subcutaneous and orthotopic transplantation of ovarian tissues, rates did not change (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance among rates after transplantation of ovarian tissues which were obtained under different severity conditions (P>0.05). Conclusion: Negative expression of CK-7, CA125 and survivin can be treated as screening criteria for security of ovarian tissues for transplantation. Immunohistochemical methods can be used as the primary detection approach. Both subcutaneous and orthotopic transplantation are safe. The initial severity does not affect the carcinogenesis rate after tissue transplantation. Freezing and thawing ovarian tissue transplantation in nude mice with human epithelial ovarian carcinoma is feasible and safe.

B7-H4 Expression is Associated with Cancer Progression and Predicts Patient Survival in Human Thyroid Cancer

Zhu, Jian,Chu, Bing-Feng,Yang, Yi-Peng,Zhang, Sheng-Lai,Zhuang, Ming,Lu, Wen-Jie,Liu, Ying-Bin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression of B7-H4 in human thyroid cancer and determine any association with patient clinicopathological parameters and survival. Methods: B7-H4 expression in 64 clinical thyroid cancer specimens was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Moreover, B7-H4 mRNA expression in 10 fresh resected specimens were evaluated by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemical staining of CD3 was performed to assess the number of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in thyroid cancers. Results: Positive B7-H4 immunohistochemical staining was observed in 61 out of 64 (95.3%) specimens of thyroid cancer tissues. Significantly more B7-H4 mRNA copies were found in thyroid cancer tissue than that adjacent normal tissue. Moreover, B7-H4 expression in human thyroid cancer tissues was significantly correlated with patient TNM stages and extrathyroidal extension (P<0.05), being inversely correlated with the number of TILs (P<0.05). The overall survival rate of the patients with higher B7-H4 expression was significantly worse than that of the patients with lower B7-H4 expression. Conclusions: This present study suggests that high B7-H4 expression is associated with cancer progression, reduced tumor immunosurveillance and worse patient outcomes in human thyroid cancer.

Heat stress protection in Aspen sp1 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

( Bo Zhu ),( Ai Sheng Xiong ),( Ri He Peng ),( Jing Xu ),( Jun Zhou ),( Jin Tao Xu ),( Xiao Fen Jin ),( Yang Zhang ),( Xi Lin Hou ),( Quan Hong Yao ) 생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.5

Resistance of Cucumber Grafting Rootstock Pumpkin Cultivars to Chilling and Salinity Stresses

Xu, Yang,Guo, Shi-rong,Li, He,Sun, Hong-zhu,Lu, Na,Shu, Sheng,Sun, Jin Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.2

Grafting using a pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) rootstock is an effective way to improve cucumber (Cucumis sativus) resistance to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses. We evaluated the tolerance of 15 pumpkin cultivars to chilling, salinity, and combined stresses at the germination and seedling stages. Selected plant characteristics, including germination rate, germination potential, germination index, plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight, and dry weight, were analyzed. We used the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean for cluster analyses to determine the stress tolerance levels of the pumpkin cultivars. The 15 cultivars were divided into three clusters: tolerant, moderately tolerant, and susceptible to stress treatments. The stress tolerances of all cultivars were variable in the germination and seedling stages, and most cultivars were not tolerant to individual treatments of chilling or salinity stresses at both stages. These results suggest that identifying suitable cultivars for use as rootstock during cucumber grafting should involve the evaluation of stress tolerance during different growth stages. Additionally, cultivars tolerant to chilling stress may not be tolerant to salinity stress; therefore, the choice of pumpkin rootstock should depend on where the grafted plant will be grown. Cultivars tolerant to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses may be useful as rootstock for cucumber grafting. Our findings may serve as reference material for choosing appropriate pumpkin rootstocks for cucumber grafting.

Enhanced electrochemical performance of Ca-doped NdBa_1-xCa_xCoCuO_5+δ as cathode material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Pang, Shengli,Su, Yanjing,Yang, Gongmei,Shen, Xiangqian,Zhu, Meng,Wu, Xiao,Li, Songwei,Yang, Xiaofen,Xi, Xiaoming Elsevier 2018 Ceramics international Vol.44 No.17

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Exploring advanced cathode materials that have high electrochemical activity and superior thermal compatibility with other components is of great importance for the application of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. In the present study, influences of Ca doping on electrochemical and physicochemical properties of NdBa<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ca<SUB>x</SUB>CoCuO<SUB>5+δ</SUB> were studied systematically. A relatively low thermal expansion coefficient (16.8 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> °C<SUP>−1</SUP>) was obtained for the Ca-doped sample over the temperature range of 25–800 °C. Moreover, Ca doping significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance of NdBa<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ca<SUB>x</SUB>CoCuO<SUB>5+δ</SUB>. The highest densities of power for NdBa<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ca<SUB>x</SUB>CoCuO<SUB>5+δ</SUB>-based single cells at the temperatures of 800 °C increased from 1.42 W cm<SUP>−2</SUP> for x = 0.0 to 1.84 W cm<SUP>−2</SUP> for x = 0.3. This increase in electrochemical performance of NdBa<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ca<SUB>x</SUB>CoCuO<SUB>5+δ</SUB> cathode with Ca doping can be ascribed to enhanced concentrations of oxygen vacancies and higher electrical conductivity.</P>

Genetic Diversity for Rice Blast Management

(You Yong Zhu),(Hai Ru Chen),(Yun Yue Wang),(Zuos Hea Li),(Yan Li),(Jing Hua Fan),(Jian Bing Chen),(Jin Xiang Fan),(Shi Sheng Yang),(Guang Liang Ma),(Ling Ping Hu),(Jin Yu Zou),(Christopher C . Mundt) 한국균학회 2001 Proceedings of the Fifth Korea-China Joint Symposi Vol.- No.-

Effects of Acarbose Addition on Ruminal Bacterial Microbiota, Lipopolysaccharide Levels and Fermentation Characteristics In vitro

Yin, Yu-Yang,Liu, Yu-Jie,Zhu, Wei-Yun,Mao, Sheng-Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.12

This study investigated the effects of acarbose addition on changes in ruminal fermentation characteristics and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community in vitro using batch cultures. Rumen fluid was collected from the rumens of three cannulated Holstein cattle fed forage ad libitum that was supplemented with 6 kg of concentrate. The batch cultures consisted of 8 mL of strained rumen fluid in 40 mL of an anaerobic buffer containing 0.49 g of corn grain, 0.21 g of soybean meal, 0.15 g of alfalfa and 0.15g of Leymus chinensis. Acarbose was added to incubation bottles to achieve final concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/mL. After incubation for 24 h, the addition of acarbose linearly decreased (p<0.05) the total gas production and the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, total volatile fatty acids, lactate and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It also linearly increased (p<0.05) the ratio of acetate to propionate, the concentrations of isovalerate, valerate and ammonia-nitrogen and the pH value compared with the control. Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the addition of acarbose decreased (p<0.05) the proportion of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and increased (p<0.05) the percentage of Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacteres, and Synergistetes compared with the control. A principal coordinates analysis plot based on unweighted UniFrac values and molecular variance analysis revealed that the structure of the ruminal bacterial communities in the control was different to that of the ruminal microbiota in the acarbose group. In conclusion, acarbose addition can affect the composition of the ruminal microbial community and may be potentially useful for preventing the occurrence of ruminal acidosis and the accumulation of LPS in the rumen.