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Zhang, Hui,Liu, Qi,Lin, Jia-Le,Wang, Yu,Zhang, Ruo-Xi,Hou, Jing-Bo,Yu, Bo The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.2
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx) is an antioxidant that potently protects various cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, the protective effect of Trx on ox-LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis has not been studied. This study aims to investigate the effect of recombinant human Trx (rhTrx) on ox-LDL-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and elucidate the possible mechanisms. RhTrx significantly inhibited ox-LDL-induced cholesterol accumulation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. RhTrx also suppressed the ox-LDL-induced overproduction of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor (LOX-1), Bax and activated caspase-3, but it increased the expression of Bcl-2. In addition, rhTrx markedly inhibited the ox-LDL-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, anisomycin (a p38 MAPK activator) abolished the protective effect of rhTrx on ox-LDL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) exerted a similar effect as rhTrx. Collectively, these findings indicate that rhTrx suppresses ox-LDL-stimulated foam cell formation and macrophage apoptosis by inhibiting ROS generation, p38 MAPK activation and LOX-1 expression. Therefore, we propose that rhTrx has therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
( Hui Zhang ),( Qi Liu ),( Jia-le Lin ),( Yu Wang ),( Ruo-xi Zhang ),( Jing-bo Hou ),( Bo Yu ) 한국응용약물학회 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.2
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx) is an antioxidant that potently protects various cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, the protective effect of Trx on ox-LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis has not been studied. This study aims to investigate the effect of recombinant human Trx (rhTrx) on ox-LDL-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and elucidate the possible mechanisms. RhTrx significantly inhibited ox-LDL-induced cholesterol accumulation and apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. RhTrx also suppressed the ox-LDL-induced overproduction of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor (LOX- 1), Bax and activated caspase-3, but it increased the expression of Bcl-2. In addition, rhTrx markedly inhibited the ox-LDL-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, anisomycin (a p38 MAPK activator) abolished the protective effect of rhTrx on ox-LDL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) exerted a similar effect as rhTrx. Collectively, these findings indicate that rhTrx suppresses ox-LDL-stimulated foam cell formation and macrophage apoptosis by inhibiting ROS generation, p38 MAPK activation and LOX-1 expression. Therefore, we propose that rhTrx has therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Xue-Wei Cao,Hong-Mi Cui,Yuan Yao,Ai-Sheng Xiong,Xi-Lin Hou,Ying Li 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.4
Shoot branching (tillering) primarily determinesplant shoot architecture and has been studied in many plants. Shoot branching is an important trait in non-heading Chinesecabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis Makino). The B. rapassp. chinensis var. multiceps exhibits unique and multipleshoot branching characteristics. Here, we analyzed the variationin shoot branching between ‘Maertou,’ with multiple shootbranching, and ‘Suzhouqing,’ a common variety. The levelsof endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin ribosideand active gibberellins in the shoot meristem tissues of thetwo cultivars were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay during the vegetative growth stage. High levels of IAAmaintained axillary bud dormancy and repressed axillary budoutgrowth allowing shoot branching to form in the vegetativestage in ‘Suzhouqing.’ In contrast, low levels of IAA did notinhibit axillary buds in ‘Maertou,’ while a high level of cytokininpromoted axillary bud growth and branch shoot development. Exogenous hormone (rac-GR24 and 6-benzylaminopurine)treatment showed that ‘Maertou’ was relatively sensitive tocytokinin, because the fold changes of cytokinin-responsivegenes in ‘Maertou’ were significantly more frequent than thosein ‘Suzhouqing’. Cytokinin was the direct regulator for axillarybud growth of ‘Maertou’. Compared with ‘Suzhouqing’,‘Maertou’ was sensitive to cytokinin and this weakened thestrigolactone–cytokinin branching pathway.