Stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one decreases viability and induces apoptosis and ferroptosis in liver cancer cells by reducing E2F1

Zhiyun Zhang,Jian Wang,Weiping Wan,Zhengchao Shen,Aixue Zuo,Rong Chen,Qinyi Wu,Enli Cai,Feng Huang,Rongping Zhang,Xinan Shi 한국통합생물학회 2023 Animal cells and systems Vol.27 No.1

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently occurring malignant gastrointestinal cancer. The 5-year survival rate of HCC is still below 8%, and thus, identifying more effective therapeutic methodsis needed. Here, we evaluated the effects of Stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (S463) on the viability andcolony formation of liver cancer cells. S463 treatment decreased the viability and inducedapoptosis and ferroptosis in liver cancer cells, and also increased cellular malondialdehyde(MDA) and lipid peroxidation levels. In S463 treated cells, the expression level of Bax wasincreased, and the expression level of GPX4 was reduced, and the cleavage of PARP wasimproved. We also found that S463 treatment downregulated E2F1 and upregulated p53 atboth the mRNA and protein levels. Importantly, rescue experiments revealed thatoverexpression of E2F1 partially restored S463-induced Bax and p53 upregulation and GPX4downregulation and counteracted the S463-induced decrease in cell viability and colonyformation and the S463-induced increase in MDA and lipid peroxidation levels. Our findingssuggest that S463 significantly inhibits viability and colony formation and induces apoptosisand ferroptosis in liver cancer cells via E2F1.

Active hexose correlated compound potentiates the antitumor effects of low-dose 5-fluorouracil through modulation of immune function in hepatoma 22 tumor-bearing mice

Zhiyun Cao,Xuzheng Chen,Lan Lan,Zhideng Zhang,Jian Du,Lianming Liao 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: A variety of immunomodulators can improve the efficacy of low-dose chemotherapeutics. Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC), a mushroom mycelia extract, has been shown to be a strong immunomodulator. Whether AHCC could enhance the antitumor effect of low-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) via regulation of host immunity is unknown. MATERIALS/METHODS: In the current study Hepatoma 22 (H22) tumor-bearing mice were treated with PBS, 5-FU (10 mg?kg<SUP>-1</SUP>?d<SUP>-1</SUP>, i.p), or AHCC (360 mg?kg<SUP>-1</SUP>?d<SUP>-1</SUP>, i.g) plus 5-FU, respectively, for 5 d. CD3<SUP>+</SUP>, CD4<SUP>+</SUP>, CD8<SUP>+</SUP>, and NK in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. ALT, AST, BUN, and Cr levels were measured by biochemical assay. IL-2 and TNFα in serum were measured using the RIA kit and apoptosis of tumor was detected by TUNEL staining. Bax, Bcl-2, and TS protein levels were measured by immunohistochemical staining and mRNA level was evaluated by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Diet consumption and body weight showed that AHCC had no apparent toxicity. AHCC could reverse liver injury and myelosuppression induced by 5-FU (P < 0.05). Compared to mice treated with 5-FU, mice treated with AHCC plus 5-FU had higher thymus index, percentages of CD3<SUP>+</SUP>, CD4<SUP>+</SUP>, and NK cells (P < 0.01), and ratio of CD4<SUP>+</SUP>/CD8<SUP>+</SUP> (P < 0.01) in peripheral blood. Radioimmunoassay showed that mice treated with AHCC plus 5-FU had the highest serum levels of IL-2 and TNFα compared with the vehicle group and 5-FU group. More importantly, the combination of AHCC and 5-FU produced a more potent antitumor effect (P < 0.05) and caused more severe apoptosis in tumor tissue (P < 0.05) compared with the 5-FU group. In addition, the combination of AHCC and 5-FU further up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) (P< 0.01), while it down-regulated the expression of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results support the claim that AHCC might be beneficial for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

A Load Balance Local LEO Satellite Network AP Selection Strategy

Zhang Shouyao,Li Wei,Wang Xiangtong,Jiang Zhiyun 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.3

LEO satellites can serve as spatial extension of terrestrial network, introducing high-quality service through low latency and convenient access. The main challenge is the dynamicity causing by high relative speed between LEO satellites and terrestrial terminals. So how to make proper access point (AP) selection decision is a key problem. In this paper, we focus on AP selection problem, propose a local satellite AP selection strategy aiming at balancing the network load. We establish terminal coverage model and data transmission rate model for data collection and performance assessment. Results of comparative experiments show that the proposed strategy can balance the network load, lower handover frequency while maintaining well throughput expectation.

Down‑regulation expression of TGFB2‑AS1 inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells

Wenrong Liu,Ruiping Huai,Yin Zhang,Shuquan Rao,Lili xiong,Ruofan Ding,Canquan Mao,Wenqing Zhao,Tao Hao,Qingqing Huang,Zhiyun Guo 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.8

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality and without effective prognosis. Previous study has been confirmed that the abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) TGFB2-AS1 was involved in tumorigenesis. However, the biological functions of TGFB2-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unclear. Objective We comprehensively assess the clinical significance of TGFB2-AS1 and investigate the biological functions of TGFB2-AS1 on HCC HepG2 cells. Methods We firstly confirmed the expression of TGFB2-AS1 between tumor and normal tissues using public available transcriptome data. We analyzed the clinical significance of TGFB2-AS1 using the TCGA HCC datasets. The biological functions of TGFB2-AS1 on HCC HepG2 cells were explored by multiple in vitro assays. Results We found that TGFB2-AS1 was remarkably increased in HCC tissues (P = 0.00148) and exhibited a potential predictive marker for HCC, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.708 (P = 0.0034) using the fifty pairs of matched HCC tissues of TCGA. Besides, higher expression of TGFB2-AS1 in HCC tissues was identified as being positively associated with advanced tumor (P = 0.012) and disease stage (P = 0.009) in 355 HCC cases using independent sample nonparametric test. Downregulation of TGFB2-AS1 expression significantly restrained proliferation (P < 0.01) and impaired colony formation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, TGFB2-AS1 depletion remarkably promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 cells (P < 0.05) and inhibited migration and invasion (P < 0.01). Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggested that TGFB2-AS1 might serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.

Ginsenosides Rg1 regulate lipid metabolism and temperature adaptation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Hao Shi,Jiamin Zhao,Yiwen Li,Junjie Li,Yunjia Li,Jia Zhang,Zhantu Qiu,Chaofeng Wu,Mengchen Qin,Chang Liu,Zhiyun Zeng,Chao Zhang,Lei Gao 고려인삼학회 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.4

변수 분석을 통한 아토카푸스 니티두스 추출물과 분획물의 항산화, 타이로시나제 및 콜라제나제 In Vitro 저해활성 연구

손광희 ( Kwang-hee Son ),김영국 ( Young Kook Kim ),최상호 ( Sangho Choi ),장지운 ( Zhiyun Zhang ),신동하 ( Dong-ha Shin ),이종석 ( Jong Suk Lee ),박호용 ( Ho-yong Park ) 대한화장품학회 2019 대한화장품학회지 Vol.45 No.2

본 연구에서는 아토카푸스 니티두스의 용매추출물 및 실리카 컬럼 분획물의 항산화 활성, 콜라제나제 저해활성 및 미백활성을 평가하였다. In vitro 실험의 활성 분석은 sigmoid 곡선형 반응에 적합한 4 매개변수회귀곡선 분석(4 parameter logistic, 4PL)을 활용하여 정량화 하였다. HPLC와 LC/MS 분석에 따르면 아토카푸스 분획물은 폴리페놀류가 주성분이었으며, 추출물의 총 폴리페놀의 함량은 갈릭산 기준 48.1 ± 2.6 mg GAE/g 이었다. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거활성을 평가한 결과, 용매추출물, 분획물-1과분획물-2는 각각 16.7, 42.0 및 10.1 μg/mL의 농도에서 50%의 라디칼 소거활성(SC₅₀)을 보였고, 분획물-2는양성 대조구 ascorbic acid (1.5 μg/mL)에 가장 근접한 활성을 보였다. Tyrosinase 저해활성은 추출물과 분획물 2종이 각각 64.9, 0.9 및 1.2 μg/mL의 IC₅₀를 보여 대조구인 코직산(7.4 μg/mL) 및 알부틴(119.0 μg/mL) 대비 전반적으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 제브라피쉬 배아를 이용한 색소침착도 억제활성에서는 분획물-2(27.5%)가 대조구인 코직산(18.6%) 대비 유의하게 미백활성 결과를 보였으며 동시에 500 μg/mL까지 배아 생장에 영향이 없음을 확인하였다. 아토카푸스 추출물과 분획물-1 및 분획물-2는 콜라제나제 저해활성에서 각각 139.8, 20.6, 및 16.8 μg/mL의 IC₅₀를 보여, 대조구인 1, 10-Phenanthroline (55.4 μg/mL) 대비 우수한 활성을 보였다. 추출물과 분획물-2에 대한 엘라스타제 저해활성은 각각 61.8과 67.1 μg/mL으로 암라 및 사포타 추출물과 유사한 활성 범위를 보여주었다. 이상의 결과는 아토카푸스 추출물이 항산화, 미백 및 피부노화 방지에 유용한 폴리페놀계 화장품소재로 활용이 가능하며, 추출물-2는 고농도에서도 안전함을 시사한다. In this study, the antioxidative and inhibitory activity of tyrosinase and collagenase for the solvent extract and silica column fractions of Artocarpus nitidus were evaluated. The activities were quantified using the 4 parameter logistic. LC/MS analysis showed that the major component of the fractions was polyphenol and the total polyphenol content of the extract was 48.1 ± 2.6 mg GAE/g. The radical scavenging activities (SC₅₀) for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl of the extract, fraction-1 and fraction-2 were 16.7, 42.0 and 10.1 μg/mL, respectively. The value for fraction-2 was the closest to ascorbic acid (1.5 μg/mL). The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the extracts and the fractions showed IC₅₀ of 64.9, 0.9 and 1.2 μg/mL, respectively, and overall activity was higher than that of kojic acid (7.4 μg/mL) and arbutin (119.0 μg/mL). In the experiment by zebrafish embryo, the whitening activity of fraction-2 (27.5%) was higher than that of kojic acid (18.6%), and there was no adverse effect up to 500 μg/mL of fraction-2. For the collagenase inhibitory activity, the samples showed IC₅₀ of 139.8, 20.6, and 16.8 μg/mL, respectively, which were competitive to 1, 10-Phenanthroline (55.4 μg/mL). The extract and fraction-2 showed IC₅₀ of 61.8 and 67.1 μg/mL for elastase. These results suggest that A. nitidus extract can be used as a cosmetic material useful for antioxidant, whitening, and prevention of skin aging without adverse effects.