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      • Experimental investigation on the propagation characteristics of pressure oscillation in direct contact condensation with low mass flux steam jet

        Qiu, Binbin,Yang, Qingchuan,Yan, Junjie,li, Gen,Revankar, Shripad T. Elsevier 2017 Experimental thermal and fluid science Vol.88 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The propagation characteristics of pressure oscillation in direct contact condensation with low mass flux steam jet have been investigated experimentally. Steam is injected into subcooled water at one atmosphere pressure with steam mass flux and water temperature range of 186–272kg/(m<SUP>2</SUP> s) and 293–343K. The pressure oscillation propagates in the form of wave with stable dominant frequency, however the wave intensity attenuates with the increasing distance from the oscillation source. The root mean square of pressure wave <I>p</I> <SUB>rms</SUB> attenuates rapidly with the increasing dimensionless radial distance from the nozzle exit. At about dimensionless radial distance <I>R</I> =100, the <I>p</I> <SUB>rms</SUB> is attenuated by about 90%. Although the dominant frequency of the pressure oscillation is constant during the propagation, after <I>R</I> =100, there will be not enough energy for the pressure oscillation to resonate with relevant equipment. A correlation equation to calculate the root mean square of pressure oscillation along the radial distance is given. The prediction errors are within ±30% compared with the experimental data.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The pressure oscillation propagates in the form of wave. </LI> <LI> In the propagation process, the frequency remains the same but the intensity attenuates. </LI> <LI> A correlation to calculate the <I>p</I> <SUB>rms</SUB> along the radial distance is given. </LI> <LI> At about R=100, the <I>p</I> <SUB>rms</SUB> is attenuated by about 90% and most of the energy is dissipated. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • Prospects for the application of modern wood construction in China based on SWOT analysis: Towards socially sustainable cities

        Junjie Li,Haiming Li KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2023 Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies(ACS) Vol.2 No.2

        The "green, harmonious, and sustainable" concept is popular today. The building demand in China is also increasing. The wood is an environmentally friendly building material. The Chinese government has recently started promoting the use of wood frames in the building industry. Purpose: The development of the timber frame construction industry is slow. Due to the late start of wood frame construction, the related industries lack technology and regulations. This study proposes systematic measures for the wood frame construction industry in China. Methods: This research reviews the current developments in the Chinese wood frame construction industry, using questionnaires and data to define its internal and external environment. It uses the SWOT analysis method for analysis. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese wood framing industry's sustainable development at present opportunities and challenges. Results: The article systematically suggests government support and talent cultivation, increasing publicity and science education, improving regulations, and improving standards and supervision systems. Conclusion: The market for wood-frame construction in China is very broad. The development of wood-frame construction will enhance the development of related technologies and policies. It is an important step in the sustainable development of the Chinese construction industry.

      • KCI등재

        Active Voltage-balancing Control Methods for the Floating Capacitors and DC-link Capacitors of Five-level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter

        Junjie Li,Jianguo Jiang 전력전자학회 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.3

        Multilevel active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converter combines the advantages of three-level ANPC converter and multilevel flying capacitor (FC) converter. However, multilevel ANPC converter often suffers from capacitor voltage balancing problems. In order to solve the capacitor voltage balancing problems for five-level ANPC converter, phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) is used, which generally provides natural voltage balancing ability. However, the natural voltage balancing ability depends on the load conditions and converter parameters. In order to eliminate voltage deviations under steady-state and dynamic conditions, the active voltage-balancing control (AVBC) methods of floating capacitors and dc-link capacitors based on PS-PWM are proposed. First, the neutral-point current is regulated to balance the neutral-point voltage by injecting zero-sequence voltage. After that, the duty cycles of the redundant switch combinations are adjusted to balance the floating-capacitor voltages by introducing moderating variables for each of the phases. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed AVBC methods is verified by experimental results.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Active Voltage-balancing Control Methods for the Floating Capacitors and DC-link Capacitors of Five-level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter

        Li, Junjie,Jiang, Jianguo The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.3

        Multilevel active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converter combines the advantages of three-level ANPC converter and multilevel flying capacitor (FC) converter. However, multilevel ANPC converter often suffers from capacitor voltage balancing problems. In order to solve the capacitor voltage balancing problems for five-level ANPC converter, phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) is used, which generally provides natural voltage balancing ability. However, the natural voltage balancing ability depends on the load conditions and converter parameters. In order to eliminate voltage deviations under steady-state and dynamic conditions, the active voltage-balancing control (AVBC) methods of floating capacitors and dc-link capacitors based on PS-PWM are proposed. First, the neutral-point current is regulated to balance the neutral-point voltage by injecting zero-sequence voltage. After that, the duty cycles of the redundant switch combinations are adjusted to balance the floating-capacitor voltages by introducing moderating variables for each of the phases. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed AVBC methods is verified by experimental results.

      • KCI등재

        Deadbeat and Hierarchical Predictive Control with Space-Vector Modulation for Three-Phase Five-Level Nested Neutral Point Piloted Converters

        Junjie Li,Xiangyu Chang,Dirui Yang,Yunlong Liu,Jianguo Jiang 전력전자학회 2018 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.18 No.6

        To achieve a fast dynamic response and to solve the multi-objective control problems of the output currents, capacitor voltages and system constraints, this paper proposes a deadbeat and hierarchical predictive control with space-vector modulation (DB-HPC-SVM) for five-level nested neutral point piloted (NNPP) converters. First, deadbeat control (DBC) is adopted to track the reference currents by calculating the deadbeat reference voltage vector (DB-RVV). After that, all of the candidate switching sequences that synthesize the DB-RVV are obtained by using the fast SVM principle. Furthermore, according to the redundancies of the switch combination and switching sequence, a hierarchical model predictive control (MPC) is presented to select the optimal switch combination (OSC) and optimal switching sequence (OSS). The proposed DB-HPC-SVM maintains the advantages of DBC and SVM, such as fast dynamic response, zero steady-state error and fixed switching frequency, and combines the characteristics of MPC, such as multi-objective control and simple inclusion of constraints. Finally, comparative simulation and experimental results of a five-level NNPP converter verify the correctness of the proposed DB-HPC-SVM.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Deadbeat and Hierarchical Predictive Control with Space-Vector Modulation for Three-Phase Five-Level Nested Neutral Point Piloted Converters

        Li, Junjie,Chang, Xiangyu,Yang, Dirui,Liu, Yunlong,Jiang, Jianguo The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2018 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.18 No.6

        To achieve a fast dynamic response and to solve the multi-objective control problems of the output currents, capacitor voltages and system constraints, this paper proposes a deadbeat and hierarchical predictive control with space-vector modulation (DB-HPC-SVM) for five-level nested neutral point piloted (NNPP) converters. First, deadbeat control (DBC) is adopted to track the reference currents by calculating the deadbeat reference voltage vector (DB-RVV). After that, all of the candidate switching sequences that synthesize the DB-RVV are obtained by using the fast SVM principle. Furthermore, according to the redundancies of the switch combination and switching sequence, a hierarchical model predictive control (MPC) is presented to select the optimal switch combination (OSC) and optimal switching sequence (OSS). The proposed DB-HPC-SVM maintains the advantages of DBC and SVM, such as fast dynamic response, zero steady-state error and fixed switching frequency, and combines the characteristics of MPC, such as multi-objective control and simple inclusion of constraints. Finally, comparative simulation and experimental results of a five-level NNPP converter verify the correctness of the proposed DB-HPC-SVM.

      • KCI등재

        Verification of neutronics and thermal-hydraulic coupled system with pin-by-pin calculation for PWR core

        Li Zhigang,Pan Junjie,Xia Bangyang,Qiang Shenglong,Lu Wei,Li Qing 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.9

        As an important part of the digital reactor, the pin-by-pin wise fine coupling calculation is a research hotspot in the field of nuclear engineering in recent years. It provides more precise and realistic simulation results for reactor design, operation and safety evaluation. CORCA-K a nodal code is redeveloped as a robust pin-by-pin wise neutronics and thermal-hydraulic coupled calculation code for pressurized water reactor (PWR) core. The nodal green's function method (NGFM) is used to solve the threedimensional space-time neutron dynamics equation, and the single-phase single channel model and one-dimensional heat conduction model are used to solve the fluid field and fuel temperature field. The mesh scale of reactor core simulation is raised from the nodal-wise to the pin-wise. It is verified by two benchmarks: NEACRP 3D PWR and PWR MOX/UO2. The results show that: 1) the pin-by-pin wise coupling calculation system has good accuracy and can accurately simulate the key parameters in steadystate and transient coupling conditions, which is in good agreement with the reference results; 2) Compared with the nodal-wise coupling calculation, the pin-by-pin wise coupling calculation improves the fuel peak temperature, the range of power distribution is expanded, and the lower limit is reduced more

      • KCI등재

        Comparison of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Decompression and Microscopic Decompression Effectiveness in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

        Junjie Li,Jiheng Yin,Jun Liu,haixiong Lin,Haifeng Yuan 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.2

        This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness between unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) technique and microscopic decompression (MD) technique in lumbar spinal stenosis treatment. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and other databases were used to conduct extensive literature searches. RevMan ver. 5.3 software was used for the statistical analysis. Eleven studies were included with 930 patients, including 449 patients in the UBE group and 521 in the MD group. Both techniques revealed similar operative times at −1.77 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI], −7.59 to 4.05 minutes; p =0.55), the postoperative dural expansion area at −1.27 (95% CI, −19.30 to 16.77; p =0.89), the postoperative complications at 0.76 (95% CI, 0.47 to 1.22; p =0.26), the preoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for leg pain, and the last follow-up (>12 months) VAS for leg pain at −0.04 (95% CI, −0.14 to 0.06; p =0.47), the preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the last follow-up (>12 months) ODI scores at −0.18 (95% CI, −0.76 to 0.40; p =0.54), and patient satisfaction (the modified MacNab score) at 1.15 (95% CI, 0.54 to 2.42; p =0.72). However, intraoperative bleeding was lower following the UBE technique at −52.78 mL (95% CI, −93.47 to −12.08 mL; p =0.01) and was shorter following the UBE technique at −3.06 (95% CI, −3.84 to −2.28; p <0.01). UBE and MD technology have no significant differences in efficacy or safety in the treatment of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis based on this meta-analysis. However, the UBE technique has less intraoperative bleeding and a shorter hospital stay. It has a slight advantage and is a better surgical option than the MD technique. It can be an alternative minimally invasive spinal surgery method.

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