Genetic Effects of Polymorphisms in Myogenic Regulatory Factors on Chicken Muscle Fiber Traits

Zhiqin Yang,Ying Qing,Qing Zhu,Xiao-Ling Zhao,Yan Wang,Diyan Li,Yi-Ping Liu,Huadong Yin 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.6

The myogenic regulatory factors is a family of transcription factors that play a key role in the development of skeletal muscle fibers, which are the main factors to affect the meat taste and texture. In the present study, we performed candidate gene analysis to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the MyoD, Myf5, MyoG, and Mrf4 genes using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism in 360 Erlang Mountain Chickens from three different housing systems (cage, pen, and free-range). The general linear model procedure was used to estimate the statistical significance of association between combined genotypes and muscle fiber traits of chickens. Two polymorphisms (g.39928301T>G and g.11579368C>T) were detected in the Mrf4 and MyoD gene, respectively. The diameters of thigh and pectoralis muscle fibers were higher in birds with the combined genotypes of GG-TT and TT-CT (p<0.05). Moreover, the interaction between housing system and combined genotypes has no significant effect on the traits of muscle fiber (p>0.05). Our findings suggest that the combined genotypes of TT-CT and GG-TT might be advantageous for muscle fiber traits, and could be the potential genetic markers for breeding program in Erlang Mountain Chickens.

Phase Stability and Thermo-Physical Properties of Nickel-Aluminum Binary Chemically Disordered Systems via First-Principles Study

Zhiqin Wen,Yuhong Zhao,Jianhua Li,Hua Hou 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.6

The effect of Al content and crystal structures on ground state, phase stability, elasticity and thermodynamics of Ni1−xAlx(x = 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) binary chemically disordered systems are investigated using first-principles method in combinationwith quasi-harmonic Debye-Grüneisen model. The special quasirandom structures are applied to model disordered bodycenteredcubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) phases. The Gibbs free energy of mixing of equiatomic Ni0.5Al0.5is thelowest. The nonmagnetic fcc structure’ Ni1−xAlx are predicted to be more favorable phases. Disordered Ni1−xAlx are lessstable than ordered L21Ni3Aland B2 NiAl, and L21phase is the most likely to form a nuclear growth. The somewhat differentimpact of Al content on elastic properties has been extracted that the resistance to volume change, shear deformation andelastic deformation of Ni1−xAlx decrease with increasing Al content. For bcc and fcc phases, Ni0.75Al0.25and Ni0.25Al0.75arepredicted to be ductile behavior, while Ni0.5Al0.5exhibit brittleness. The structural, vibrational and electronic contributionsare taken into account to study the thermodynamic properties at finite temperature. The lattice constants a and volumetricthermal expansion coefficient α of Ni1−xAlx systems increase with the increase of Al content. Nevertheless, it is decreasingfor heat capacity Cv and Cvvib. The vibrational entropy Svib of bcc Ni0.25Al0.75is the largest in considered temperature. The α,Cvvib and Svib of disordered Ni1−xAlx are larger than that of ordered Ni3Aland NiAl. Vibrational and electronic entropy arethe dominating at finite temperature stabilization mechanism.

A Novel Nonlinear Link Element for Direct Second-Order Analysis of Trusses Assembled by Weak Shear Stiffness Members

Ruijie Zhu,Feng Li,Zhiqin Zhao,Xingzhong Wang 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.11

The transverse shear effect and initial imperfection have significant influence on the post-buckling performance of weak shear stiffness struts such as pultruded fiber reinforced polyester (FRP) members and lattice column. A novel nonlinear link (NNL) element was proposed to perform direct second-order analysis of trusses assembled by such members. Adopting the Engesser approach to account for shear deformability, the expressions of transverse deflection under tensile and compressive load were obtained respectively. Taking the linear tension-compression deformation and bowing effect into account, the correction coefficients of axial stiffness for FRP truss member under tension and compression were obtained. Combined with ANSYS UPFs -user programmable features, the user-defined NNL element was established. Both pultruded FRP profiles and lattice column were modeled separately by standard commercial elements and the proposed NNL element. The comparison of the obtained results verified the convenience of the NNL element in modeling and computing. Moreover, the NNL element was adopted to model and calculate two FRP plane truss structures, and the calculation result was compared with test result. It demonstrated that the NNL element can accurately predict structural stiffness change and change points during successive buckling of certain truss members, showing the promising usage of NNL element in structural design of other FRP truss structures.

DC-Link Capacitor Voltage Balanced Modulation Strategy Based on Three-Level Neutral-Point-Clamped Cascaded Rectifiers

Han, Pengcheng,He, Xiaoqiong,Zhao, Zhiqin,Yu, Haolun,Wang, Yi,Peng, Xu,Shu, Zeliang The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.1

This study proposes a new modulation strategy to deal with unbalanced output voltage that is based on three-level neutral-point-clamped cascaded rectifiers. The fundament idea is to reallocate the value of the voltage levels generated by each of the modules on the basis of space vector pulse width modulation. This proposed modulation strategy can reduce the switching frequency while maintaining the mutual-module voltage balance. First, an analysis of unbalanced output voltage is reflected. Then a new modulation strategy is introduced in detail. Internal module capacitor voltages are balanced by the selection of redundant vectors. Moreover, the voltage balance ability is calculated. Finally, the feasibility of this modulation strategy is verified through experimental results.

DC-Link Capacitor Voltage Balanced Modulation Strategy Based on Three-Level Neutral-Point-Clamped Cascaded Rectifiers

Pengcheng Han,Xiaoqiong He,Zhiqin Zhao,Haolun Yu,Yi Wang,Xu Peng,Zeliang Shu 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.1

This study proposes a new modulation strategy to deal with unbalanced output voltage that is based on three-levelneutral-point-clamped cascaded rectifiers. The fundament idea is to reallocate the value of the voltage levels generated by each ofthe modules on the basis of space vector pulse width modulation. This proposed modulation strategy can reduce the switchingfrequency while maintaining the mutual-module voltage balance. First, an analysis of unbalanced output voltage is reflected. Then a new modulation strategy is introduced in detail. Internal module capacitor voltages are balanced by the selection ofredundant vectors. Moreover, the voltage balance ability is calculated. Finally, the feasibility of this modulation strategy isverified through experimental results.

Static performance of a new GFRP–metal string truss bridge subjected to unsymmetrical loads

Dongdong Zhang,Jiaxin Yuan,Qilin Zhao,Feng Li,Yifeng Gao,Ruijie Zhu,Zhiqin Zhao 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.35 No.5

A unique lightweight string truss deployable bridge assembled by thin-walled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and metal profiles was designed for emergency applications. As a new structure, investigations into the static structural performance under the serviceability limit state are desired for examining the structural integrity of the developed bridge when subjected to unsymmetrical loadings characterized by combined torsion and bending. In this study, a full-scale experimental inspection was conducted on a fabricated bridge, and the combined flexural–torsional behavior was examined in terms of displacement and strains. The experimental structure showed favorable strength and rigidity performances to function as deployable bridge under unsymmetrical loading conditions and should be designed in accordance with the stiffness criterion, the same as that under symmetrical loads. In addition, a finite element model (FEM) with a simple modeling process, which considered the multi segments of the FRP members and realistic nodal stiffness of the complex unique hybrid nodal joints, was constructed and compared against experiments, demonstrating good agreement. A FEM-based numerical analysis was thereafter performed to explore the effect of the change in elastic modulus of different FRP elements on the static deformation of the bridge. The results confirmed that the change in elastic modulus of different types of FRP element members caused remarkable differences on the bending and torsional stiffness of the hybrid bridge. The global stiffness of such a unique bridge can be significantly enhanced by redesigning the critical lower string pull bars using designable FRP profiles with high elastic modulus.

Resonance Parameter of Variable Mode LLC Converter for Auxiliary Converter

XiaoQiong He,Yang Chen,Chen Chen,ZhiQin Zhao,PengCheng Han 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

A precise modeling and resonant calculation method are proposed for variable mode LLC resonant converter. With normal operation of the converter, the redundancy of components is reduced. By establishing equivalent circuit model considering device characteristics, DC gain function is deduced. The resonant parameters are solved by simulated annealing algorithm. The DC gain obtained by the general algorithm and the proposed algorithm are compared. The stable operation of the converter is realized by using the control strategy of digital voltage controlled oscillator and intermittent modulation strategy. The feasibility of this research is verified by simulation and experiment.

Study on load distribution ratio of composite pre-tightened tooth joint by shear nonlinearity

Yifeng Gao,Fei Li,Qilin Zhao,Jiangang Gao,Lin Shi,Zhiqin Zhao 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.40 No.5

Load distribution has a great influence on the mechanical properties of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth connection. To obtain the load distribution mechanism of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth joints, the multi-tooth joints were studied by experimental and theoretical methods. First, an experimental study was conducted on three-tooth specimens with different tooth depths and tooth lengths, and the failure mode, bearing capacity and load distribution mechanism of the specimens were obtained. Then, based on the nonlinear constitutive of interlaminar shear, an analytical model for load distribution of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth joint was proposed to research the multi-tooth load distribution mechanism. Finally, the theoretical and experimental results were compared. The research showed: (1) The theoretical results of the multi-tooth load distribution ratio were in good agreement with that of the experimental results, the maximum error between the theoretical value and the experimental value of the three-tooth joint was 17.44%, and the minimum error was only 2.35%; (2) The load distribution ratio of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth was uneven, for three-tooth joints, the values of load distribution ratio from large to small were: the first tooth, the third tooth and the second tooth.; (3) Multi-tooth load distribution ratio changed with the change of external load. The change of load distribution ratio was obvious in the early stage of loading, and tended to be gentle in the later stage of loading.

Colorimetric Detection of Cr3+ in Aqueous Solution Based on Confunctionalized Silver Nanoparticles Modified with 4-Nitrobenzenethiol and 4-Mercaptobenzoic Acid

Zhikun Zhang,Ying Zhou,Jing-Kui Yang,Peilong Wang,Xiaoou Su,Hong Zhao,Yujian He,Zhiqin Cao,Maoqiang Luo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.7

A new method has been proposed to realize the visual detection of Cr3+ using 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4-NBT) and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The presence of Cr3+ induces the aggregation of AgNPs through cooperative metal–ligand interaction, resulting in a color change from bright yellow to purple. Consequently, Cr3+ could be monitored by colorimetric response of AgNPs by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer or even naked eyes. We firstly used ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a masking agent to selectively detect Cr3+, and other metal ions have little influence on the Cr3+–AgNPs system. The cofunctionalized AgNPs exhibited a highly sensitive detection limit of Cr3+, which is as low as 5 x 10-9 mol L-1, and the absorbance ratio (A600nm /A387nm) is linear with the concentration of Cr3+ ranging from 5 x 10-9 mol L-1 to 2 x 10-6 mol L-1 with a coefficient of 0.993. Particularly, the sensor has been further evaluated to monitor the concentration of Cr3+ in drinking water, the recovery was in good agreement with those obtained by ICP-MS, indicating that this proposed method is successfully applied in real samples.

Polymorphisms in the Perilipin Gene May Affect Carcass Traits of Chinese Meat-type Chickens

Zhang, Lu,Zhu, Qing,Liu, Yiping,Gilbert, Elizabeth R.,Li, Diyan,Yin, Huadong,Wang, Yan,Yang, Zhiqin,Wang, Zhen,Yuan, Yuncong,Zhao, Xiaoling Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.6

Improved meat quality and greater muscle yield are highly sought after in high-quality chicken breeding programs. Past studies indicated that polymorphisms of the Perilipin gene (PLIN1) are highly associated with adiposity in mammals and are potential molecular markers for improving meat quality and carcass traits in chickens. In the present study, we screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all exons of the PLIN1 gene with a direct sequencing method in six populations with different genetic backgrounds (total 240 individuals). We evaluated the association between the polymorphisms and carcass and meat quality traits. We identified three SNPs, located on the 5' flanking region and exon 1 of PLIN1 on chromosome 10 (rs315831750, rs313726543, and rs80724063, respectively). Eight main haplotypes were constructed based on these SNPs. We calculated the allelic and genotypic frequencies, and genetic diversity parameters of the three SNPs. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.2768 to 0.3750, which reflected an intermediate genetic diversity for all chickens. The CC, CT, and TT genotypes influenced the percentage of breast muscle (PBM), percentage of leg muscle (PLM) and percentage of abdominal fat at rs315831750 (p<0.05). Diplotypes (haplotype pairs) affected the percentage of eviscerated weight (PEW) and PBM (p<0.05). Compared with chickens carrying other diplotypes, H3H7 had the greatest PEW and H2H2 had the greatest PBM, and those with diplotype H7H7 had the smallest PEW and PBM. We conclude that PLIN1 gene polymorphisms may affect broiler carcass and breast muscle yields, and diplotypes H3H7 and H2H2 could be positive molecular markers to enhance PEW and PBM in chickens.