Mating flight causes genome-wide transcriptional changes in sexually mature honeybee queens

Xiaobo Wu,ZilongWang,Fei Zhang,Yuanyuan Shi,Zhijiang Zeng 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.1

In this study, we analyzed the gene and miRNA expression differences between the courted virgin queen (CVQ) and non-courted virgin queen (NCVQ) of Apis mellifera using a high-throughput sequencing method. Through Digital Gene Expression (DGE) sequencing, 452 genes were differentially expressed, out of which, 90 genes were up-regulated and 362 genes were down-regulated in CVQ compared with NCVQ. Through small RNA sequencing, 27 miRNAs showed significant expression difference between these two samples. Moreover, 9 of the differentially expressed genes are the targets of the 11 differentially expressed miRNAs. Besides, 47 novel miRNA candidates were predicted in these two samples. Our results provided valuable information for understanding the molecular mechanism of the transition to functional queens.

Synthesis and Properties of Polyimide-Based Optical Materials

Shixiang Xie,Wei Wei,Zhijiang Zhang 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.II

Three types of polyimides (PIs) with different structures and fluorine contents were prepared via a simple two-step method. The PI precursors, poly(amid acid)s (PAAs), were first synthesized from ring-opening polyaddition, then, the PAA films were subjected to thermal imidization. The chemical and the optical properties of the polyimides were investigated and compared. The result showed that all of the polyimides had good thermal stability. The refractive index of the fluorinated polyimide was lower than that of the common polyimide and could be controlled by adjusting the fluorine content in the structure. The second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficient (d$_{33}$) for the PMDA/ODA polyimide (PMDA = pyromellitic dianhydride and ODA = 4,4'-diamino diphenyl ether) was 10.69 $\times$ 10$^{-9}$ esu at 1064 nm and could be increased to 24.55 $\times$ 10$^{-9}$ esu by doping with a small amount of perylene dianhydride. The optical loss for the PMDA/ODA film and for the 6FDA/ODA film were 0.326 dB/cm and 0.102 dB/cm respectively at 650 nm. Due to many attractive properties mentioned above, polyimide-based materials are expected to have potential applications in the field of organic optical waveguides.

Sandwich structured lightweight carbon black/cement composites for X-band electromagnetic wave absorption and thermal insulation

Xie, Shuai,Ji, Zhijiang,Zhang, Jinjun,Cao, Yanxin,Wang, Jing Techno-Press 2021 Composite materials and engineering Vol.3 No.2

In order to develop a lightweight cement based composite with dual-function of EM wave absorption and thermal insulation, sandwich structure was designed to achieve excellent EM absorption capacity, and expanded perlite and carbon black were used as lightweight aggregates and EM absorbent, respectively. The EM absorption properties were studied by arching reflected method, and the results indicate that the sandwich structure design can obviously enhance the EM absorption capacity of cement composites. The sandwich structured composites exhibit better EM absorption properties than the traditional gradient multi-layer structured composites. The reflection loss of three-layer and four-layer sandwich structured composites can be less than -10 dB and -15 dB in the whole X-band. The thermal conductivity test results shows that the developed cement composites possess thermal insulation function.

Effects of different starter cultures on the quality characteristics and shelf-life of fermented rice cake

Lingwei Meng,김상무,Dongjie Zhang,Zhijiang Li 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.11

The effects of Makgeolli, dry yeast (DY), sourdoughwith dry yeast (SDDY) and sourdough with Makgeolli(SDMG) on the quality of fermented rice cakes(FRCs) stored at 23 C for 3 days were determined. Theacidity of SDDY and SDMG significantly increased withincreasing fermentation time. The FRCs supplementedwith sourdough had slightly higher moisture contents thanothers. The addition of DY and SDDY increased thespecific volume of the FRC, in which its texture was softer. The addition of DY and sourdoughs significantly decreasedthe firming rate of crumb and improved the sensory qualities. The sourdoughs retarded amylopectin retrogradation,indicating their anti-staling effect on the FRC. Comparedto the control, the shelf-lives of FRCs made with DY andSDDY were extended by 0.7 and 0.5 days based on theinstrumental hardness, respectively. DY and SDDY effectivelyimproved the appearance and texture of FRC andextended its shelf-life.

Three-Dimensional Periodic Structured Absorber for Broadband Electromagnetic Radiation Absorption

Shuai Xie,Liancheng Zhu,Yuan Zhang,Zhijiang Ji,Jing Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2020 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.16 No.4

This study provides a novel broadband gypsum composite for electromagnetic (EM) radiation protection by the design of 3D circular periodic structure, and using carbon black (CB) as absorbent. The EM absorption performance was investigated by arch reflecting method in 2–18 GHz, and the obtained results indicate that the proposed gypsum absorber exhibits more than 90% absorption of EM radiation in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. The EM wave absorption can be obviously affected by the variation of CB content, periodic cylinder height and diameter. The optimum CB content is 2 wt%, simultaneously, the absorption peak can be promoted to shift to lower frequency by the increase of periodic cylinder height and the increase of periodic cylinder diameter is beneficial to widen the effective bandwidth. The λ/4 interference of reflected waves, energy dissipation of CB particles, and multi-reflection, resonance, edge diffractions, and impedance matching caused by 3D periodic structural design work synergistically to achieve the high EM absorption efficiency and wide frequency band. It is expected that the proposed 3D circular periodic structured gypsum absorber has great potential in indoor EM radiation prevent.

Effect of Knitting Structure and Polyethylene Content on Thermalwet Comfort and Cooling Properties of Polyethylene/polyester Fabrics

Juan Qian,Ting Xie,Liqun Chen,Zhijiang Li,Ning Guo,Shaoju Fu,Peihua Zhang 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.11

Polyethylene is getting tremendous attention in personal thermal management textiles for summer, but there is lackof systematical coolness and thermal-wet comfort research in wearing knitting fabrics. In this work, two group of knittingstructure were designed following a sandwich structure model that consisted of a middle layer of multifilament and twoasymmetric outer layers. Nine bi-layer samples interknitted with polyester were fabricated with one face composed ofpolyester filaments and the other face built of polyethylene and polyester filaments. Textile parameters, such as knittingstructure, polyethylene fractions and distribution in the inner layer, yarn composition and relative porosity, were considered. Breathability, thermal transfer properties, moisture management performance and dynamic cooling performance wasmeasured and evaluated to investigate the thermal-wet and coolness relevant comfort properties of these fabrics. It was foundthat the fabrics knitted with tuck stitches have better air permeability, contact coolness, overall moisture management anddynamic cooling performance in comparison to the fabrics knitted with float stitches. The air permeability became better withthe increasing proportion of polyethylene and the decreasing ratio of tuck stitch. The effective contact area of polyethylenewith skin was beneficial to promote the transient thermal conductivity and dynamic cooling performance of fabric. The resultalso suggested that an asymmetric structure with meshes in the inner layer were beneficial to promote moisture management. Meanwhile, when the proportion of tuck stitch in inner layer was 6.25 %, the air permeability and heat transfer properties offabric were the best. Moreover, independent tests had proved that the performance of transient and steady thermalconductivity of polyethylene/polyester fabric was the best when the mass ratio of polyethylene was 49.3 % in this study.

SIMULTANEOUSLY CATALYTIC REMOVAL OF NOx AND SOOT ON RARE EARTH ELEMENT OXIDE LOADED WITH POTASSIUM AND TRANSITION NANOSIZED METAL OXIDES

ZHI JIANG,HAIRONG ZHANG,ZHONGPENG WANG,MINGXIA CHEN,WENFENG SHANGGUAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2008 NANO Vol.3 No.4

The simultaneous catalytic removal of NOx and soot over the rare earth element (REE) oxide-based mixture oxides loaded with potassium and transition nanosized metal oxide (designated as M/K/REE oxide) was investigated by using temperature-programmed reaction (TPR). The influence of the type of REE oxides together with the type and amount of transitional metal oxides on the catalytic removal activity was discussed. K/Nd2O3 was found to be the most active oxide among the REE oxides to simultaneous remove the NOx and soot under lean conditions. Chromium oxide was more active than the other transition metal oxides on enhancing the activity of soot oxidation of Nd2O3 loaded with potassium. The optimum loading level of chromium was about 10 wt%, with ignition temperature at about 237°C and the conversion ratio NO → N2 about 24.1%. The Mn-loading on K/Nd2O3 resulted in the biggest conversion efficiency of NO to N2 at about 30.2%. The increasing catalytic reaction of NOx–soot activities is attributed to the formation of complex crystalline phase in the catalyst together with the improving contacting between catalysts and soot.