Identification and characterization of BGL11(t), a novel gene regulating leaf-color mutation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Zhi-kun Wang,Yun-xiang Huang,Zheng-diao Miao,Zhi-yan Hu,Xin-zhang Song,Li Liu 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.4

A novel bright-green leaf mutant, bgl11, derived from Nipponbare (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) treated by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), exhibited a distinct brightgreen leaf phenotype throughout development. Chlorophyll contents of bgl11 decreased significantly than that of its wild-type parent. Genetic analysis suggested that the brightgreen leaf trait was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, which was tentatively designed as BGL11(t). To isolate the BGL11(t) gene, a map-based cloning strategy was employed, and the gene was finally mapped in a 94.7 kb region between marker InDel11-5 and InDel11-9 on the long arm of chromosome 11, in which no gene leaded to leaf-color mutation had been mapped or cloned. Cloning and sequencing analysis revealed that, LOC_Os11g38040, which was predicted to encode an expressed protein, had a 9 bp segment deletion in the coding region of bgl11. Furthermore, the transgenic plants with wild-type gene LOC_Os11g38040were restored to normal phenotype. Accordingly, the gene (LOC_Os11g38040) was identified as the BGL11(t) gene. These results are very valuable for further study on BGL11(t)gene and illuminating the mechanism of chloroplast development in rice.

An Efficient Multi-PCA Based On-line Monitoring Scheme for Multi-Stages Imperial Smelting Process

Zhi-kun Hu,Zhi-wen Chen,Wei-Hua Gui,Chun-hua Yang,Lin-zi Yin,Xiao-qi Peng 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2013 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.11 No.2

Imperial Smelting Process (ISP) is one of the main methods for Zinc and Lead smelting. In this paper, we firstly focus on its unique characteristics that ISP consists of many feeding cycles repeated in a similar way, and the normal process changes and multiple operating conditions would be frequently found in the process which would always lead to false alarms. To this end, we classify each feeding cycles of ISP into initial stage, transition stage, and steady stage, and use standard PCA, first order perturbation (FOP) based recursive dynamic PCA and multi-mode approach to deal with them respectively. The monitoring results using real data show that the proposed scheme can be able to eliminate false alarms and detect faults efficiently.

Fault Classification Method for Inverter Based on Hybrid Support Vector Machines and Wavelet Analysis

Zhi-kun Hu,Wei-hua Gui,Chun-hua Yang,Peng-cheng Deng,Steven X. Ding 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.4

A new classification method for fault waveform is proposed based on discrete orthogonal wavelet transform (DOWT) and hybrid support vector machine (hybrid SVM) for fault type of a three-phase voltage inverter. The waveforms of output voltage obtained from the faulty inverter are decomposed by DOWT into wavelet coefficient matrices, through which we can obtain singular value vectors acted as features of time-series periodic waveforms. And then a multi-classes classification method based on a new Huffman Tree structure is presented to realize 1-v-r SVM strategy. The extracted features are applied to hybrid SVM for determining fault type. Compared to employing the structure based on ordinary binary tree, the superiority of the proposed SVM method is shown in the success of fault diagnosis because the average Loo-correctness of the SVM based on Huffman tree structure exceed the general SVM 3.65%, and the correctness reaches 99.6%.

Sequences Feature Vectors Extracting Method for Similarity Measurement Based on Wavelet and Matrix Transforming

Zhi-kun Hu,Wei-hua Gui,Chun-hua Yang,Fei Xu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.2

A feature vectors extracting method for similarity measurement between a referenced sequence and an analyzed sequence is proposed. The referenced sequence and analyzed sequence are compressed into two wavelet matrices by Discrete Orthogonal Wavelet Transform (DOWT), respectively. A singular value vector and the multi-subspaces of the referenced matrix are derived from wavelet matrices by singular value decomposition (SVD). Consequently, a uniform subspace of which all sequences are mutual orthogonal can be constructed by serializing multi-subspaces, and the analyzed feature vectors can also be obtained by inner product transformation between analyzed sequence and all sequences derived from the multi-subspaces. The similarity is measured between the analyzed feature vector and the singular value vector of the referenced sequence. The simulation results show that the proposed method is improved in the dimension, accuracy and anti-noise ability with little sensitivity sacrifice.

Synergistic effect of KCl mixing and melamine/urea mixture in the synthesis of g-C3N4 for photocatalytic removal of tetracycline

Chechia Hu,Zhi-Ting Liu,Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,Wei-Han Wei,Ke-Hsuan Wang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-

To prepare g-C3N4 for photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) removal, KCl was employed to mix with or cover thetop of the precursors, namely, melamine and urea. The mixing of KCl with the precursor will result in theincorporation of KClwithin the layer structure of g-C3N4, whereas KCl covering the top might not have suchan effect. Different precursor ratios contributed to the formation of heptazine-rich or triazine-rich units inthe g-C3N4 structure. Melamine applied alone as a precursor will undergo a phase transformation intomelam and triazine-rich g-C3N4, whereas with the addition of urea, the mixture will polymerize to formmelem and heptazine-rich g-C3N4. The KCl-incorporated, heptazine-rich g-C3N4 (KCN80m) exhibited animproved photocatalytic activity for TC removal (greater than 80% during a 120-min period for 50 mL ofa 20-ppm TC solution). The enhanced activity can be attributed to the improved charge separation throughan electron and hole transfer through the K+ and Cl- sites, respectively; the formation of a nanojunctionbetween the triazine and heptazine units of g-C3N4; an increased number of photoexcited electrons, indicatedby the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results.Wevaried the mixing conditions of KCland precursor ratio to synthesize different KCl-incorporated heptazine-rich g-C3N4 samples for effectiveremoval of TC from water through photocatalysis.

Food Microbiology and Biotechnology : Gene Cloning and Characterization of an α-Amylase from Alteromonas macleodii B7 for Enteromorpha Polysaccharide Degradation

( Xue Feng Han ),( Bo Kun Lin ),( Gan Ji Ru ),( Zhi Biao Zhang ),( Yan Liu ),( Zhong Hu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2

Enteromorpha polysaccharides (EP) extracted from green algae have displayed a wide variety of biological activities. However, their high molecular weight leads to a high viscosity and low solubility, and therefore, greatly restrains their application. To solve this problem, bacteria from the surface of Enteromorpha were screened, and an Alteromonas macleodii strain B7 was found to be able to decrease the molecular weight of EP in culture media. Proteins harvested from the supernatant of the A. macleodii B7 culture were subjected to native gel electrophoresis, and a band corresponding to the Enteromorpha polysaccharide lyase (EPL) was detected by activity staining. The enzyme identity was subsequently confirmed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry as the putative α-amylase reported in A. macleodii ATCC 27126. The amylase gene (amySTU) from A. macleodii B7 was cloned into Escherichia coli, resulting in highlevel expression of the recombinant enzyme with EP-degrading activity. AmySTU was found to be cold-adapted; however, its optimal enzyme activity was detected at 40oC. The α-amylase was highly stable over a broad pH range (5.5-10) with the optimal pH at 7.5-8.0. The highest enzyme activity was detected when NaCl concentration was 2%, which dropped by 50% when the NaCl concentration was increased to 16%, showing an excellent nature of halotolerance. Furthermore, the amylase activity was not significantly affected by tested surfactants or the presence of some organic solvents. Therefore, the A. macleodii strain B7 and its α-amylase can be useful in lowering EP molecular weight and in starch processing.

Microscopic Mechanisms and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Sandy Mudstone under Different Water Saturations

Xiao-ming Sun,Fu-kun Shi,Ming-qun Zhu,Jia-xu Ding,Lin-sen He,Zhi-hu Li,Tong Zhang,Cheng-yu Miao 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.1

In order to study the damage mechanism of surrounding rocks under water-rock coupling, an experimental study on the microscopic law of water absorption and mechanics of sandy mudstone was carried out in the sandy mudstone stratum of Wanfu coal mine in Shandong, China. The results indicate that the strength of sandy mudstone exhibits three stages of relative softening, rapid softening, and decelerated softening. The speed of water molecules entering the microscopic pore structure was analyzed based on the percentage of water molecules in the pore structure. The acoustic emission energy release process is divided into energy accumulation stage, stable release stage and intense release stage. With the increase of water content saturation,  (Spectral width of the multifractal spectrum) tends to decrease and the distribution of events is gradually uniform. The action of water gradually expands and penetrates the cracks and pores inside the sandy mudstone, which makes f (Frequency of occurrence of the signal) change from negative to positive values.