從求“義理之常”到言“義理之變”

張昭軍(Zhang Zhaojun) 경북대학교 인문학술원 2009 동서사상 Vol.7 No.-

Studying from the learning logic venation, there had great changes from the begin to the last about the relation between the new classics of Confucianism and the Idealist Philosophy of Confucianism. Zhuang Cunyu, Liu Fenglu and Song Xiangfeng believed in the new classics, but not objected the Idealist Philosophy. Gong Zizhen and Weiyuan were good at Chingshi , dissatisfied but not negated. Daiwang, Wang Kaiyun and Liaoping objected the Idealist Philosophy clearly. Kang Youwei’s learning was from and beyond the Idealist Philosophy. He annotated the Four books based on the western learning in order to get over the Idealist Philosophy. To some extent, the relation between the new classics and the Idealist Philosophy of Confucianism reflected their changes in political thoughts, which is help to us understanding the relation between the traditional thought and the modernization in reason

Preparation of mesoporous silica from coal slag and its metal ion adsorption behavior

Xinying Zhang,Yu Wu,Xuefang Li,Xianlong Meng,Huihu Shi,Zhaojun Wu,Jianbin Zhang 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.5

A novel mesoporous silica (MS) with the high specific surface area up to 1,199m2/g was prepared from coal slag by SO3 2 leaching and hydrothermal synthesis. Its application in metal ion removal was explored using Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+ as the model ions. The effects of adsorption time, pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage and adsorption temperature on the metal ion adsorption behaviors of the as-prepared MS were systematically, and the maximum adsorption capacities were measured to be 55.76mg·g1, 33.49mg·g1, 24.29mg·g1 and 22.98mg· g1 for Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+, respectively. The metal ion adsorption on the as-prepared MS followed pseudo-second- order kinetics, and the adsorption isotherm fitted the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and enthalpy driven.

Accumulation of Cd and Pb in various body parts, organs and tissues of Lymantria dispar asiatica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

Zhang Jie,Jiang Dun,Dong Xiaowen,Meng Zhaojun,Yan Shanchun 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4

To investigate the accumulation patterns of Cd and/or Pb in various body parts, organs and tissues of the Asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae under Cd and/or Pb stress, Cd and Pb treated artificial diets were used to feed the larvae in the current study. These larval body parts/organs/tissues included the heads, integuments (body walls), alimentary canals, fat bodies and hemolymphs. Our results showed that under Cd and/or Pb stress, their accumulations in larval body parts/organs/tissues were significantly higher than those in the control, with the amounts of tested metals in the fat bodies and hemolymphs and alimentary canals being significantly higher than those in the heads and integuments. Under the single Cd (0, 7.5, 10.5 mg/kg) or Pb stress (0, 55, 90, 125 mg/kg), the accumulations of these heavy metals were positively correlated with their concentrations in diets. Under the combined stress (Cd × Pb), the Cd accumulation at the lower Pb concentrations was higher than that at higher Pb concentrations for the body parts/organs/tissues, similar effects of Cd concentrations on Pb accumulations were also recorded. These results clearly showed that Cd and/or Pb were accumulated in various body parts/organs/tissues at different levels under the heavy metal stress. And accumulations of Pb/Cd were positively correlated with their concentrations in the diets under the single stress. Under the combined stresses, Cd and Pb had synergistic effects at low concentrations whereas antagonistic effects at high concentrations. The accumulations of Cd and/or Pb in the gypsy moth larvae affects normal physiological and biochemical functions, and thus affects their growth and development.

Developing children's non-cognitive skills by early entrepreneurship education

Zhaojun Pang,Heng Zhang Techno-Press 2023 Advances in nano research Vol.14 No.1

This research aims to explore the influence of early entrepreneurial education on cognitive and non-cognitive abilities of male sixth-grade primary school pupils using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 45 students were randomly allocated to experimental, active-control, and control groups using a multi-stage random selection procedure. The experimental group was taught entrepreneurship using the Bizworld entrepreneurship education package. The active control group did not get entrepreneurship education but was instructed on a non-entrepreneurship-related issue (hygiene). The Control group received no instruction. The findings revealed that early entrepreneurial education skills impacted noncognitive abilities (such as risk-taking propensity, creativity, self-efficacy, persistence, and need for achievement). Early entrepreneurship education seems to be an effective technique for developing children's non-cognitive abilities in the late years of primary school. As a result, entrepreneurship education may be taught in primary schools, emphasizing the development of non-cognitive abilities, which will affect children's individual, educational, social, and vocational futures and can have long-term advantages for students, families, and society.

The bifunctional effect of propofol on thromboxane agonist (U46619)-induced vasoconstriction in isolated human pulmonary artery

Ning Hao,Zhaojun Wang,Sujuan Kuang,Guangyan Zhang,Chunyu Deng,Jue Ma,Jianxiu Cui 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

Propofol is known to cause vasorelaxation of several systemic vascular beds. However, its effect on the pulmonary vasculature remains controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of propofol on human pulmonary arteries obtained from patients who had undergone surgery. Arterial rings were mounted in a Multi-Myograph system for measurement of isometric forces. U46619 was used to induce sustained contraction of the intrapulmonary arteries, and propofol was then applied (in increments from 10-300 μM). Arteries denuded of endothelium, preincubated or not with indomethacin, were used to investigate the effects of propofol on isolated arteries. Propofol exhibited a bifunctional effect on isolated human pulmonary arteries contracted by U46619, evoking constriction at low concentrations (10-100 μM) followed by secondary relaxation (at 100-300 μM). The extent of constriction induced by propofol was higher in an endothelium-denuded group than in an endothelium-intact group. Preincubation with indomethacin abolished constriction and potentiated relaxation. The maximal relaxation was greater in the endothelium-intact than the endothelium-denuded group. Propofol also suppressed CaCl₂-induced constriction in the 60 mM K⁺-containing Ca²⁺-free solution in a dose-dependent manner. Fluorescent imaging of Ca²⁺ using fluo-4 showed that a 10 min incubation with propofol (10-300 μM) inhibited the Ca²⁺ influx into human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induced by a 60 mM K⁺-containing Ca²⁺-free solution. In conclusion, propofol-induced arterial constriction appears to involve prostaglandin production by cyclooxygenase in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and the relaxation depends in part on endothelial function, principally on the inhibition of calcium influx through L-type voltage-operated calcium channels.

Preparation of nano-sized Mg-doped copper silicate materials using coal gangue as the raw material and its characterization for CO2 adsorption

Yu Wu,Zhaojun Wu,Kai Liu,Fu Li,Yujie Pang,Jianbin Zhang,Huayan Si 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.10

This work presents a simple method for the preparation of the Mg-doped nanocomposite copper silicates (Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3) (x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 0.9) using coal gangue waste as the silicon source for CO2 capture at low temperature. The as-prepared Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3 was systemically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). The results suggest that all Mgx-Cu1x-SiO3 possess large surface areas, micropores and mesoporous structures composed of the agglomerates of small nanoparticles. They exhibit high CO2 adsorption capacity at 298.15 K under 1 bar, and that of Mg0.9-Cu0.1-SiO3 was the highest with the value of 16.73 cm3/g. The Freundlich isotherm model fits the CO2 adsorption isotherm well. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the CO2 adsorption on Mg0.9-Cu0.1-SiO3 is exothermic (Ho<0), chaotic (So<0), and spontaneous (Go<0). This work highlights the low-temperature adsorption behavior of silicate materials on CO2, which can provide some research basis for the utilization of silica in coal gangue.

The bifunctional effect of propofol on thromboxane agonist (U46619)-induced vasoconstriction in isolated human pulmonary artery

Jianxiu Cui,Zhaojun Wang,Sujuan Kuang,Guangyan Zhang,Chunyu Deng,Jue Ma,Jianxiu Cui 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6

Propofol is known to cause vasorelaxation of several systemic vascular beds. However, its effect on the pulmonary vasculature remains controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of propofol on human pulmonary arteries obtained from patients who had undergone surgery. Arterial rings were mounted in a Multi-Myograph system for measurement of isometric forces. U46619 was used to induce sustained contraction of the intrapulmonary arteries, and propofol was then applied (in increments from 10-300 μM). Arteries denuded of endothelium, preincubated or not with indomethacin, were used to investigate the effects of propofol on isolated arteries. Propofol exhibited a bifunctional effect on isolated human pulmonary arteries contracted by U46619, evoking constriction at low concentrations (10-100 μM) followed by secondary relaxation (at 100-300 μM). The extent of constriction induced by propofol was higher in an endothelium-denuded group than in an endothelium-intact group. Preincubation with indomethacin abolished constriction and potentiated relaxation. The maximal relaxation was greater in the endothelium-intact than the endothelium-denuded group. Propofol also suppressed CaCl2-induced constriction in the 60 mM K+-containing Ca2+-free solution in a dose-dependent manner. Fluorescent imaging of Ca2+ using fluo- 4 showed that a 10 min incubation with propofol (10-300 μM) inhibited the Ca2+ influx into human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induced by a 60 mM K+- containing Ca2+-free solution. In conclusion, propofol-induced arterial constriction appears to involve prostaglandin production by cyclooxygenase in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and the relaxation depends in part on endothelial function, principally on the inhibition of calcium influx through L-type voltage-operated calcium channels.

The bifunctional effect of propofol on thromboxane agonist (U46619)-induced vasoconstriction in isolated human pulmonary artery

Hao, Ning,Wang, Zhaojun,Kuang, Sujuan,Zhang, Guangyan,Deng, Chunyu,Ma, Jue,Cui, Jianxiu The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6

Propofol is known to cause vasorelaxation of several systemic vascular beds. However, its effect on the pulmonary vasculature remains controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of propofol on human pulmonary arteries obtained from patients who had undergone surgery. Arterial rings were mounted in a Multi-Myograph system for measurement of isometric forces. U46619 was used to induce sustained contraction of the intrapulmonary arteries, and propofol was then applied (in increments from $10-300{\mu}m$). Arteries denuded of endothelium, preincubated or not with indomethacin, were used to investigate the effects of propofol on isolated arteries. Propofol exhibited a bifunctional effect on isolated human pulmonary arteries contracted by U46619, evoking constriction at low concentrations ($10-100{\mu}m$) followed by secondary relaxation (at $100-300{\mu}m$). The extent of constriction induced by propofol was higher in an endothelium-denuded group than in an endothelium-intact group. Preincubation with indomethacin abolished constriction and potentiated relaxation. The maximal relaxation was greater in the endothelium-intact than the endothelium-denuded group. Propofol also suppressed $CaCl_2$-induced constriction in the 60 mM $K^+$-containing $Ca^{2+}$-free solution in a dose-dependent manner. Fluorescent imaging of $Ca^{2+}$ using fluo-4 showed that a 10 min incubation with propofol ($10-300{\mu}m$) inhibited the $Ca^{2+}$ influx into human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induced by a 60 mM $K^+$-containing $Ca^{2+}$-free solution. In conclusion, propofol-induced arterial constriction appears to involve prostaglandin production by cyclooxygenase in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and the relaxation depends in part on endothelial function, principally on the inhibition of calcium influx through L-type voltage-operated calcium channels.

EXISTENCE OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR SINGULAR IMPULSIVE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH INTEGRAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

Chunmei Miao,Wei-Gao Ge,Zhaojun Zhang 한국수학교육학회 2014 純粹 및 應用數學 Vol.21 No.3

In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions for singularimpulsive differential equations with integral boundary conditions "( )+ ( ) ( , ( ), '( ))=0, ∊ ',∆ ( )= ( ( ), '( )), =1,2,…, ,∆ '( )=- ( ( ), '( )), =1,2,…, , (0)=∫10 ( ) ( ) , '(1)=0,where the nonlinearity f(t, u, v) may be singular at v = 0. The proof is based onthe theory of Leray-Schauder degree, together with a truncation technique. Somerecent results in the literature are generalized and improved.

Analysis and experiments of a novel and compact 3-DOF precision positioning platform

Hu Huang,Hongwei Zhao,Zunqiang Fan,Hui Zhang,Zhichao Ma,Zhaojun Yang 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.11

A novel 3-DOF precision positioning platform with dimensions of 48 mm×50 mm×35 mm was designed by integrating piezo actuators and flexure hinges. The platform has a compact structure but it can do high precision positioning in three axes. The dynamic model of the platform in a single direction was established. Stiffness of the flexure hinges and modal characteristics of the flexure hinge mechanism were analyzed by the finite element method. Output displacements of the platform along three axes were forecasted via stiffness analysis. Output performance of the platform in x and y axes with open-loop control as well as the z-axis with closed-loop control was tested and discussed. The preliminary application of the platform in the field of nanoindentation indicates that the designed platform works well during nanoindentation tests, and the closed-loop control ensures the linear displacement output. With suitable control, the platform has the potential to realize different positioning functions under various working conditions.