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Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Primary Gallbladder Carcinoma: Estrogen Receptors
Zhang, Ling-Qiang,Zhang, Xiu-De,Xu, Jia,Wan, Yong,Qu, Kai,Zhang, Jing-Yao,Wang, Zhi-Xin,Wei, Ji-Chao,Meng, Fan-Di,Tai, Ming-Hui,Zhou, Lei,Liu, Chang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Gallbladder carcinoma, the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract system, has always been considered to feature late clinical presentation and diagnosis, limited treatment options and an extremely poor prognosis. In recent years, while the incidence of gallbladder cancer has appeared to be on the increase, the available treatment methods have not greatly improved survival of the affected patients. Thus, exploring new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease is an urgent matter at present. Epidemical studies have demonstrated that the incidence of gallbladder carcinoma exhibits a distinct gender bias, affecting females two to three times more than males, pointing to crucial roles of estrogen. It is well known that estrogen acts on target tissues by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), which are mainly divided into three subtypes, $ER{\alpha}$, $ER{\beta}$ and $ER{\gamma}$. $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ appear to have overlapping but also unique even opposite biological effects. As important pathogenic mediators, ERs have been considered to relate to several kinds of tumors. In gallbladder carcinoma tissue, ERs have been shown to be positively expressed, and ERs expression levels are associated with differentiation and prognosis of this cancer. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of estrogen inducing growth of gallbladder carcinoma remain poorly understood. On the base of the current investigations, we deduce that estrogen participates in promotion of gallbladder carcinoma by influencing the formation of gallstones, stimulating angiogenesis, and promoting abnormal proliferation. Since ERs mediate the carcinogenic actions of estrogen in gallbladder, and therapy targeting ERs may provide new directions for gallbladder carcinoma. Therefore, it should be stressed that ERs are potential therapeutic targets for gallbladder carcinoma.
Study of seismic performance and favorable structural system of suspension bridges
Xin-Jun Zhang,Chao Zhang 국제구조공학회 2016 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.60 No.4
By taking the Runyang Highway Bridge over the Yangtze River with 1490 m main span as example, structural response of the bridge under the horizontal and vertical seismic excitations is investigated by the response spectrum and time-history analysis of MIDAS/Civil software respectively, the seismic behavior and the influence of structural nonlinearity on the seismic response of the bridge are revealed. Considering the aspect of seismic performance, the suitability of employing the suspension bridge in super long-span bridges is investigated as compared to the cable-stayed bridge and cable-stayed-suspension hybrid bridge with the similar main span. Furthermore, the effects of structural parameters including the span arrangement, the cable sag to span ratio, the side to main span ratio, the girder height, the central buckle and the girder support system etc on the seismic performance of the bridge are investigated by the seismic response spectrum analysis, and the favorable earthquake-resistant structural system of suspension bridges is also discussed.
Yong Zhang,Long-Zhen Xie,Chao-Xin Yuan,Chun-Lin Zhang,Su Liu,Ying-Quan Peng,Hai-Rong Li,Miao Zhang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.1
In this study, rose-like nickel oxide nanoparticles (diameter of 400–500 nm) were prepared on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates by a simple electrodeposition in NiSO4·6H2O solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used for analysis of the NiO nanoparticles. The effects of operating temperature on the sensor response and the response versus gas concentration properties of the NiO nanorose-based sensors were investigated. We determined the operating temperature of the gas sensors to be 230℃, considering the proper sensitivity and a rapid response. In addition, gas-sensing characteristics of rose-like NiO nanoparticles to formaldehyde were investigated. It was shown that the sensors exhibited good response (Rg/Ra = 3.43) properties to formaldehyde gas at 230℃, making them to be promising candidates for practical detectors to formaldehyde gas.
Wen-Yi Zhang,Xin-Ze Xiao,Chao Lv,Jia Zhao,Gong Wang,Xuan Gu,Ran Zhang,Bin-Bin Xu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Ai-Wu Li,Yong-Lai Zhang,Hong-Bo Sun 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.3
Reported here is the fabrication of photopolymer hierarchical micronanostructures through a combinative process of electrospinning and subsequent photolithography. Electrospun SU-8 (epoxy-based negative photoresist)nanofiber films have been patterned into gratings with periods of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μm, respectively. Deposition of a silver nanolayer on these interlaced nanofiber films would lead to the formation of various plasmonic nanostructures,and therefore, giving rise to abundant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) “hot spots”. In the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), probing molecule, the resultant SERS substrates show both high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The SERS enhancement factor could reach as high as ~108, indicating high efficiency. The fabrication of patterned, highly efficient SERS substrates may hold a great promise for the integration of SERS substrates in various microdevices such as microfluidic chips.
Feedback control of thermal frequency drift for a normal conducting cyclotron under CW operation
Chao Chujie,Chen Gen,Mao Yuzhou,Chen Yonghua,Zhang Xin 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.83 No.7
A normal conducting cyclotron is developed for medical purposes, which consists of the magnet, RF cavity, ion source, vacuum system, cooling system and control system. Especially, the RF cavity, which establishes an electric feld to accelerate charged particles, is one of the most critical and complex components in an cyclotron. During long-term continuous wave (CW) operation of the cavity, there will be a rise in temperature in the RF cavity due to its own thermal loss. This can lead to mechanical deformation and frequency deviation of the cavity, and thereby having a negative impact on its performance. That is, it will increase the refected power, lower the beam current, and cause instability in the cyclotron's operation. Therefore, based on the results of multi-physics analysis, which indicated that the frequency deviation is caused by thermal loss, an automatic frequency feedback control system was designed. In addition, a CW(25 kW) operation was tested, the results displayed that the maximum refected power decreased from 729 to 70 W, and the maximum detuning phase decreased from 12.26° to 1.9° by applying the feedback control system. The frequency of the cavity shifted approximately −22.8 kHz. The experimental results demonstrate that the frequency feedback control system is efective in compensating for frequency deviation caused by thermal loss.
Xin Liu,Jing-chao Zhang,Ting-ting Zhao,Meng Wang 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.76 No.1
The transition energies and wavelengths of 1s$^2$4f-1s$^2n$g ($5 \leq n \leq 8$) states of lithium-like ions starting from vanadium and ending with zinc are determined by using the full-core-plus-correlation (FCPC) method. Our calculated values are compared with other available data and found to be in good agreement with them. The oscillator strengths of the 1s$^2$4f-1s$^2n$g ($5 \leq n \leq 8$) dipole transition under three criteria are explored by using the FCPC method. The consistency of the three criteria proves the accuracy of the constructed wave function over all space. In this paper, the oscillator strength and the oscillator strength density of all discrete and continuous states from any given initial to final state are calculated, and the theoretical prediction of the spectral characteristics of the omnipotence threshold is realized.
Xin Li,Chao Zhang,Zhangming Wu 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.80 No.5
With the continuous increase of computational capacity, more and more complex nonlinear elastoplastic constitutive models were developed to study the mechanical behavior of elastoplastic materials. These constitutive models generally contain a large amount of physical and phenomenological parameters, which often require a large amount of computational costs to determine. In this paper, an inverse parameter determination method is proposed to identify the constitutive parameters of elastoplastic materials, with the consideration of both strain rate effect and temperature effect. To carry out an efficient design, a hybrid optimization algorithm that combines the genetic algorithm and the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm is proposed and developed. The proposed inverse method was employed to determine the parameters for an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model and Johnson-cook model, which demonstrates the capability of this method in considering strain rate and temperature effect, simultaneously. This hybrid optimization algorithm shows a better accuracy and efficiency than using a single algorithm. Finally, the predictability analysis using partial experimental data is completed to further demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.