An Economic Elucidation of the Antidumping Issue

Zhang Shujuan,ang Xiaotian 조선대학교 지식경영연구원 2005 지역개발연구 Vol.10 No.1

The paper constructs simple models to analyze the players' actions and motivations in the antidumping issue. On the basis of it the study goes deep into the characteristics of foreign antidumping against China and their causes and draws some important conclusions. Not only is there defects in the conventional definition of dumping but also the definition of dumping in Antidumping Agreement of WTO is necessary to be improved. We must tune up the drawback policy of exported goods lest it should become the backing exporters' malign competition and the excuse of foreign antidumping. The same antidumping tax on our exporters enormously cools down their enthusiasm. The main cause of the characteristics of foreign antidumping against China lies in Foreign Discrimination against China, especially Non-Market Economy Country.

Immobilization of Lipase using Alginate Hydrogel Beads and Enzymatic Evaluation in Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenol Butyrate

Zhang, Shuang,Shang, Wenting,Yang, Xiaoxi,Zhang, Shujuan,Zhang, Xiaogang,Chen, Jiawei Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9

The immobilization of enzyme is one of the key issues both in the field of enzymatic research and industrialization. In this work, we reported a facile method to immobilize Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) in alginate carrier. In the presence of calcium cation, the enzyme-alginate suspension could be cross-linked to form beads with porous structure at room temperature, and the enzyme CALB was dispersed in the beads. Activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was verified by enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of p-nitrophenol butyrate in aqueous phase. The effects of reaction parameters such as temperature, pH, embedding and lyophilized time on the reactive behavior were discussed. Reuse cycle experiments for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenol butyrate demonstrated that activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was maintained without marked deactivation up to 6 repeated cycles.

Immobilization of Lipase using Alginate Hydrogel Beads and Enzymatic Evaluation in Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenol Butyrate

Shuang Zhang,Wenting Shang,Xiaoxi Yang,Shujuan Zhang,Xiaogang Zhang,Jiawei Chen 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9

The immobilization of enzyme is one of the key issues both in the field of enzymatic research and industrialization. In this work, we reported a facile method to immobilize Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) in alginate carrier. In the presence of calcium cation, the enzyme-alginate suspension could be cross-linked to form beads with porous structure at room temperature, and the enzyme CALB was dispersed in the beads. Activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was verified by enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of p-nitrophenol butyrate in aqueous phase. The effects of reaction parameters such as temperature, pH, embedding and lyophilized time on the reactive behavior were discussed. Reuse cycle experiments for the hydrolysis of pnitrophenol butyrate demonstrated that activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was maintained without marked deactivation up to 6 repeated cycles.

Flexible Protocol Reconfiguration for Emergency Communication Systems

Ji Zhang,Hai Li,Shujuan Hou 한국전자통신연구원 2011 ETRI Journal Vol.33 No.1

The necessity for services of emergency communication systems to be uninterrupted and reliable has brought forward strict requirements for express software upgrades of base stations. Based on reconfigurability technology, this paper presents a protocol reconfiguration scheme for emergency communication base stations. By introducing the concept of ‘local safe state,’ the proposed scheme could make the updating and replacement of the protocol software flexible and maintain interactions during the updating procedure to achieve seamless system upgrades. Further, taking TETRA protocol stack and VxWorks operating system as an example, specific processes and realization methods of reconfiguration are proposed in this paper, along with the measurements of the factors impacting on the system performance. Simulation results show that, compared with traditional technology, the method proposed significantly improves the system efficiency and does not interrupt system services.

An Analysis of Plant Diseases Identification Based on Deep Learning Methods

Xulu Gong,Shujuan Zhang 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.4

Plant disease is an important factor affecting crop yield. With various types and complex conditions, plant diseases cause serious economic losses, as well as modern agriculture constraints. Hence, rapid, accurate, and early identification of crop diseases is of great significance. Recent developments in deep learning, especially convolutional neural network (CNN), have shown impressive performance in plant disease classification. However, most of the existing datasets for plant disease classification are a single background environment rather than a real field environment. In addition, the classification can only obtain the category of a single disease and fail to obtain the location of multiple different diseases, which limits the practical application. Therefore, the object detection method based on CNN can overcome these shortcomings and has broad application prospects. In this study, an annotated apple leaf disease dataset in a real field environment was first constructed to compensate for the lack of existing datasets. Moreover, the Faster R-CNN and YOLOv3 architectures were trained to detect apple leaf diseases in our dataset. Finally, comparative experiments were conducted and a variety of evaluation indicators were analyzed. The experimental results demonstrate that deep learning algorithms represented by YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN are feasible for plant disease detection and have their own strong points and weaknesses.

Massive MIMO TWO-Hop Relay Systems Over Rician Fading Channels

( Jian Cao ),( Shujuan Yu ),( Jie Yang ),( Yun Zhang ),( Shengmei Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.11

With the advent of the fifth-generation (5G) era, Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay systems have experienced the rapid development. Recently, the performance analysis models of Massive MIMO relay systems have been proposed, which are mostly based on Rayleigh fading channels. In order to create a more suitable model for 5G Internet of Things scenarios, our study is based on the Rician fading channels, where line-of-sight (LOS) path exists in the channels. In this paper, we assume the channel state information (CSI) is perfect. In this case, we use statistical information to derive the analytical exact closed-form expression for the achievable sum rate of the uplink for the Massive MIMO two-hop relay system over Rician fading channels. Moreover, considering the different communication scenarios, we derive the analytical exact closed-form expression for the achievable sum rates of the uplink for other three scenarios. Finally, based on these expressions, we make simulations and analyze the performance under different transmit powers and Rician-factors, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for further research.

A novel cocatalyst of NiCoP significantly enhances visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over cadmium sulfide

Limin Song,Shujuan Zhang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.61 No.-

The technology of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) by water splitting is a clean and sustainable approach to solve energy crisis and environmental problem. Many efforts have been made to develop new materials for this technology. In the photocatalytic water splitting, the cocatalyst is pivotal in improving the photocatalytic ability of the main catalyst by transferring electrons and providing active sites of H+ reduction. Here we report a new bimetal phosophide cocatalyst of NiCoP. The NiCoP can significantly improve the ability and durability of PHE for water splitting. The PHE rate is maximized to 28412.6 μmol/g/h over a 8 wt.% NiCoP/CdS photocatalyst, which is 361 times of the 1 wt.‰ Pt/CdS (78.7 μmol/g/h) under the same water splitting condition. The apparent quantum yield in 100 h is about 36.8%. The long-time photolysis water reaction for 100 h with increasing photocatalytic activity exhibits that the NiCoP in CdS is highly stable in water spitting. We can control and improve the photocatalytic activity by regulating the Ni–Co ratio, which is an advantage relative to single-metal phosphides. The photo-induced charge transfer over NiCoP has been proved by photoluminescence and methyl viologen dication. It is indicated the non-noble-metal cocatalyst NiCoP can substitute noble metal to significantly enhance the PHE activity of photocatalysts.

Spectrometric Determination of Rhodamine B in Chili Powder After Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction

Liu, Xiuying,Zhang, Xuan,Zhou, Qian,Bai, Bing,Ji, Shujuan Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.11

This paper reports a method using molecularly imprinted polymers that are grafted onto the surface of carboxyl-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the solid-phase extraction adsorbents to detect Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The polymers were characterized by FTIR and TGA. Various parameters which probably influence efficiency of extraction were optimized. The analytical parameters such as precision, accuracy and linear working range were also determined in optimal experimental conditions. And the proposed method was applied to analysis of Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The limits of detection and quantification were 2.57 and 8.56 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The recoveries for analytes were higher than 95% and relative standard deviation values were found to be in the range of 0.83-4.15%. This method was successfully applied for the determination of Rhodamine B.

The Study of Newly-supplemented Characters from Bamboo Manuscripts Deposited in Shanghai Museum(《上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書》)

Xinwei XU,Shujuan ZHANG 세계한자학회 2016 世界漢字硏究 Vol.2 No.1

At present, Characters Collection in Chu Area(《楚文字編》) (called CWZB in later content) is not only just an important ancient writing dictionary, but also a high-level academic bookmaking because of its appropriate stylistic rules and layout,abundant contents and easiness to use. However, any academic achievements have historical limitations. After CWZB came out, it had been revealed a lot of defects from the perspective of current situation and the status of unearthed study of Chu literature. The main disadvantage is missing graphemes from Bamboo Manuscripts Deposited in Shanghai Museum (《上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書》 (called SBJ in later context)). SBJ is the most important written material after Bamboo slips from Guodian Tomb(《郭店楚墓竹簡》). SBJ is published in succession since 2001.The total number of characters are up to 20000.Obviously overall presents about Characters collection in Chu area will not be intact if Characters from SBJ are not embodied. We concluded about 900 newly-supplemented characters with SBJ making up CWZB. Those newly-supplemented Characters show the following research significances: 1) bringing forward existence of some Characters; 2) enriching meanings of some characters with the reference of new manusciptionmanuscripts; 3) amending some errors in CWZB with the reference of newly-supplement Characters; 4) numerous newly-supplemented characters show their corresponding relations between themselves in Chu area.

Spectrometric Determination of Rhodamine B in Chili Powder After Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction

Xiuying Liu,Xuan Zhang,Qian Zhou,Bing Bai,Shujuan Ji 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.11

This paper reports a method using molecularly imprinted polymers that are grafted onto the surface of carboxylmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the solid-phase extraction adsorbents to detect Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The polymers were characterized by FTIR and TGA. Various parameters which probably influence efficiency of extraction were optimized. The analytical parameters such as precision, accuracy and linear working range were also determined in optimal experimental conditions. And the proposed method was applied to analysis of Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The limits of detection and quantification were 2.57 and 8.56 μg/g, respectively. The recoveries for analytes were higher than 95% and relative standard deviation values were found to be in the range of 0.83-4.15%. This method was successfully applied for the determination of Rhodamine B.