Analysis of transcriptomic profiles and physiological traits of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide alleviating salt stress in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.

Zhang Jianyun,Fang Huiyong,Jiang Jianming,Gu Xian,Zhao Huimei,Qiu Jinmiao,Wang Qian,Zheng Yuguang,Zheng Kaiyan 한국식물생명공학회 2024 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.18 No.1

Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) application is a preferred method for improving salt tolerance in plants. However, information about the effects of exogenous 24-epiBL application related to salt response in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (AMK) has rarely been reported. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous 24-epiBL (0.01 mg L−1) on enhancing salt tolerance in AMK seedlings under salt stress (5 g L−1 NaCl) based on seed germination experiments. Our results indicated that NaCl treatment suppresses AMK seed germination, while 24-epiBL treatment under nonstress and stress conditions had positive effects on plant seedling growth. Treatment with NaCl significantly inhibited radicle elongation and root activity to endure salt stress, and 24-epiBL treatment promoted growth and alleviated the damage to osmotic stress, ion stress sub- stances, and oxidative stress by regulating free proline (Pro) and soluble protein (SP) contents and enhancing soluble sugar (SS) conversion. Moreover, the expression of normal development process genes was affected, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in multiple pathways associated with amino acid metabolism, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism were regulated under NaCl treatment. Further analysis of the AMK transcriptome profile revealed that exogenous 24-epiBL enhanced salt tolerance through hormone regulation and carbohydrate metabolism promotion, salt- responsive gene expression inhibition, and induction of pathways related to terpenoid and polyketide metabolism as well as pentose and glucuronate interconversions for plant growth promotion. Collectively, our findings successfully demonstrate that exogenous 24-epiBL plays a positive role in regulating the AMK response to salt stress, which provides potential genetic resources to improve salt tolerance in plants.

One-pot synthesis of electron-acceptor composite enables efficient fullerene-free ternary organic solar cells

Zhang, Jianyun,Liu, Wenrui,Chen, Shanshan,Xu, Shengjie,Yang, Changduk,Zhu, Xiaozhang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.45

<P>An effective strategy of “synthesizing an electron-acceptor composite (ZITI-m) by one-pot reaction” to improve photovoltaic performance is proposed. The ZITI-m composite is synthesized by one-pot Knoevenagel reaction of ZIT-2CHO and a mixture of INCN-2F and I-a, from which asymmetrical ZITI-3F and symmetrical ZITI-4F are separated. J71:ZITI-m-based OSC shows the highest PCE of 13.65 ± 0.13% with remarkable PCE of 13.85% than those based on J71:ZITI-3F (12.97 ± 0.15%) and J71:ZITI-4F (13.02 ± 0.13%) blends. The effect of acceptor ratio in the composite on OPV performance indicates that all PCEs of composite system are higher than those of the materials based on pure acceptors with a broad composition tolerance, which is ascribed to the synergistic effect of the ternary blend system.</P>

Research on Model of Free Piston Linear Generator based on Location Domain and Real-Time Motion Control Strategy

Zhang Qingzhi,Lu Haifeng,Li Yongdong,Chai Jianyun 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Free Piston Linear Generator (FPLG) is an ideal power resource in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) for its potential advantages of low friction loss, variable compression ratio, being suitable for various fuels, high thermal efficiency, etc. No FPLG has been successfully applied to an actual vehicle as lack of reliable control. The first part of this paper consists of introduction to FPLG and its research status. Structure and working principle of FPLG are analyzed in the second part. Then the thermodynamic process is analyzed and mathematical models of all kinds of FPLG using real-time motion control strategy based on location domain are established. After these, verifying work of the six different models established before and the realtime control strategy is carried out. Results show that the mathematical models of FPLG based on location domain work well and the control strategy effects with proper linear generator.

Ultimate Internal Pressure of Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel Analyzed by an Integral Constitutive Model

CHAOBI ZHANG,Jianyun Chen,Jing Li 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.6

This work focuses on the safety margin of Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel (PCCV) under internal pressure beyond the design load up to its ultimate strength. Due to the complicated configurations of rebars and tendons, an integral constitutive model was developed to simulate the PCCV to reduce computational complexity and improve calculation efficiency. The integral stress-strain relationship considers the nonlinear properties of concrete, rebars and tendons, and can reflect the material failure procedure. The PCCV model is three-dimensional axisymmetric and considers critical structural characteristics. Our numerical results can successfully predict the failure mode. The maximum deflection is expected at the mid-height of the wall near the equipment hatch hole. When the strain of the steel liner reaches tearing strain 3×10−3, the corresponding internal pressure is 3.04 Pd (design pressure) which meets the internationally required value (2.5 Pd). And our analysis is in good agreement with most of the previous results.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TWO-WAY DIFFERENT CONFIGURATIONS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO AXIAL LOADING

CHAOBI ZHANG,Jianyun Chen,Qiang Xu,Jing Li 한국원자력학회 2015 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.47 No.5

In order to analyze the mechanical properties of two-way different configurations of prestressedconcrete members subjected to axial loading, a finite element model based on thenuclear power plant containments is demonstrated. This model takes into account theinfluences of different principal stress directions, the uniaxial or biaxial loading, andbiaxial loading ratio. The displacement-controlled load is applied to obtain the stressestrain response. The simulated results indicate that the differences of principal stressaxes have great effects on the stressestrain response under uniaxial loading. When thespecimens are subjected to biaxial loading, the change trend of stress with the increase ofloading ratio is obviously different along different layout directions. In addition, correlationexperiments and finite element analyses were conducted to verify the validity and reliabilityof the analysis in this study.

Dynamic Analysis of AP1000 Shield Building Considering Fluid and Structure Interaction Effects

Qiang Xu,Jianyun Chen,CHAOBI ZHANG,Jing Li,Chunfeng Zhao 한국원자력학회 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

The shield building of AP1000 was designed to protect the steel containment vessel of thenuclear reactor. Therefore, the safety and integrity must be ensured during the plant life inany conditions such as an earthquake. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of waterin the water tank on the response of the AP1000 shield building when subjected to threedimensionalseismic ground acceleration. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics method(SPH) and finite element method (FEM) coupling method is used to numerically simulatethe fluid and structure interaction (FSI) between water in the water tank and the AP1000shield building. Then the grid convergence of FEM and SPH for the AP1000 shield building isanalyzed. Next the modal analysis of the AP1000 shield building with various water levels(WLs) in the water tank is taken. Meanwhile, the pressure due to sloshing and oscillation ofthe water in the gravity drain water tank is studied. The influences of the height of water inthe water tank on the time history of acceleration of the AP1000 shield building are discussed,as well as the distributions of amplification, acceleration, displacement, andstresses of the AP1000 shield building. Research on the relationship between the WLs in thewater tank and the response spectrums of the structure are also taken. The results showthat the high WL in the water tank can limit the vibration of the AP1000 shield building andcan more efficiently dissipate the kinetic energy of the AP1000 shield building by fluidstructureinteraction.

Dynamic Analysis of AP1000 Shield Building Considering Fluid and Structure Interaction Effects

Xu, Qiang,Chen, Jianyun,Zhang, Chaobi,Li, Jing,Zhao, Chunfeng Korean Nuclear Society 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

The shield building of AP1000 was designed to protect the steel containment vessel of the nuclear reactor. Therefore, the safety and integrity must be ensured during the plant life in any conditions such as an earthquake. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of water in the water tank on the response of the AP1000 shield building when subjected to three-dimensional seismic ground acceleration. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics method (SPH) and finite element method (FEM) coupling method is used to numerically simulate the fluid and structure interaction (FSI) between water in the water tank and the AP1000 shield building. Then the grid convergence of FEM and SPH for the AP1000 shield building is analyzed. Next the modal analysis of the AP1000 shield building with various water levels (WLs) in the water tank is taken. Meanwhile, the pressure due to sloshing and oscillation of the water in the gravity drain water tank is studied. The influences of the height of water in the water tank on the time history of acceleration of the AP1000 shield building are discussed, as well as the distributions of amplification, acceleration, displacement, and stresses of the AP1000 shield building. Research on the relationship between the WLs in the water tank and the response spectrums of the structure are also taken. The results show that the high WL in the water tank can limit the vibration of the AP1000 shield building and can more efficiently dissipate the kinetic energy of the AP1000 shield building by fluid-structure interaction.

Platycladus orientalis PoKub3 is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Xiamei Yao,Jin Zhang,Jing Ji,Jianyun Yue,Tiantian Xie,Nan Deng,Jianfeng Liu,Shengqing Shi,Zeping Jiang,Ermei Chang 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.4

Ku70-binding proteins associate with Ku70 and their expression levels can affect DSB repair efficiency via the DNA-PK-dependent repair pathway. However, how Ku70-binding proteins in plants exert a regulatory function under abiotic stress is poorly understood. Here, we cloned and characterized a PoKub3 gene from 500-year-old Platycladus orientalis. With increasing age, PoKub3 expression in P. orientalis increased gradually. The PoKub3 expression levels in leaves were upregulated under salt, heat, UV-C and abscisic acid treatments according to qRT-PCR. Moreover, PoKub3 overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana improved tolerance to salt and drought stress compared with wild-type (WT) and vector control (VC) plants. High RAB18 and DREB2A expression and low JAZ1 and ABI2 expression provided strong evidence that salt tolerance was enhanced in the overexpression plants. Similarly, high RAB18 and DREB2A expression, accompanied by low JAZ1 and LOX1 expression and high DREB1A, CPK10, GSTF6 and APX1 expression, suggested the drought tolerance mechanism was associated with the abscisic acid pathway. In addition, lower malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage and stomatal conductance, and higher soluble sugar and relative water contents in PoKub3 overexpression lines than in WT and VC plants demonstrated its role in salt and drought tolerance. Together, these findings show that PoKub3 positively regulates salt and drought tolerance by regulating stress-related genes.

Effect of Dietary Phytase Transgenic Corn on Physiological Characteristics and the Fate of Recombinant Plant DNA in Laying Hens

Gao, Chunqi,Ma, Qiugang,Zhao, Lihong,Zhang, Jianyun,Ji, Cheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.1

The study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of feeding with phytase transgenic corn (PTC) on organ weight, serum biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility, and to determine the fate of the transgenic DNA in laying hens. A total of 144 50-week-old laying hens were grouped randomly into 2 treatments, with 8 replicates per treatment and 9 hens per replicate. Each treatment group of hens was fed with diets containing 62.4% non-transgenic conventional corn (CC) or PTC for 16 weeks. The phytase activity for CC was 37 FTU/kg of DM, whereas the phytase activity for PTC was 8,980 FTU/kg of DM. We observed that feeding PTC to laying hens had no adverse effect on organ weight or serum biochemical parameters (p>0.05). A fragment of a poultry-specific ovalbumin gene (ov) was amplified from all tissues of hens showing that the DNA preparations were amenable to PCR amplification. Neither the corn-specific invertase gene (ivr) nor the transgenic phyA2 gene was detected in the breast muscle, leg muscle, ovary, oviduct and eggs. The digestibility data revealed no significant differences between the hens that received the CC- and PTC-based diets in the digestibility of DM, energy, nitrogen and calcium (p>0.05). Phosphorus digestibility of hens fed the PTC-based diet was greater than that of hens fed the CC-based diet (58.03% vs 47.42%, p<0.01). Based on these results, it was concluded that the PTC had no deleterious effects on the organ weight or serum biochemical parameters of the laying hens. No recombinant phyA2 gene was detected in muscle tissues and reproductive organs of laying hens. The novel plant phytase was efficacious in improving the phosphorus digestibility of laying hens.

Effects of Dietary L-carnosine and Alpha-lipoic Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Profiles in Finishing Pigs

Bao, Yinghui,Gao, Chunqi,Hao, Wenbo,Ji, Cheng,Zhao, Lihong,Zhang, Jianyun,Liu, Tao,Ma, Qiugang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of L-carnosine (LC) and/or alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on growth performance, blood thyroid hormones and lipid profiles in finishing pigs. A total of 40 ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$) pigs with an initial body weight of $57.93{\pm}3.14kg$ were randomly allocated to 4 experimental diets using a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement with 2 LC supplemental levels (0 or 0.1%) and 2 ALA supplemental levels (0 or 0.03%) in basal diets. The results showed that pigs fed LC-supplemented diets increased final live weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake compared to those of pigs fed without LC-supplemented diets (p<0.05). Dietary supplementation with ALA did not affect the growth performance and carcass traits of pigs (p>0.05). Additionally, LC supplementation increased serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine levels, and ALA supplementation increased serum triiodothyronine levels (p<0.05). Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly decreased in LC and ALA supplemented groups, respectively (p<0.05). Moreover, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower in the ALA-supplemented groups than those of pigs fed without ALA-supplemented diets (p<0.05). However, no significant $LC{\times}ALA$ interaction effect on growth performance, blood thyroid hormones and lipid profiles was found. This study suggested that dietary supplementation of LC resulted in better growth performance compared to that of ALA supplementation. L-carnosine and/or ALA supplementation positively modified blood lipid profiles, which may have the potential to prevent cardiovascular diseases.