Characterization of Marinilongibacter aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a unique marine bacterium harboring four CRISPR-Cas systems in the phylum Bacteroidota

Zhang Dao-Feng,Yao Yu-Fang,Xue Hua-Peng,Fu Zi-Yue,Zhang Xiao-Mei,Shao Zongze 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.9

A novel bacterium, designated YYF0007T, was isolated from an agar-degrading co-culture. The strain was found harboring four CRISPR-Cas systems of two classes in the chromosome and subsequently subjected to a study on polyphasic taxonomy. Pairwise analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YYF0007T had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (92.2%) to Jiulongibacter sediminis JN- 14-9T. The phylogenomic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene and 269 single-copy orthologous gene clusters (OCs) indicated that strain YYF0007T should be recognized as a novel genus of the family Spirosomaceae. The cells were Gramstain- negative, nonmotile, strictly aerobic, and straight long rods with no flagellum. Optimum growth occurred at 28°C and pH 7.0 with the presence of NaCl concentration 1.0–3.0% (w/v). The strain showed oxidase and catalase activities. The major fatty acids were C16:1ω5c, iso-C15:0 and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The complete genome size was 4.64 Mb with a DNA G + C content of 44.4%. Further typing of CRISPR-Cas systems in the family Spirosomaceae and the phylum Bacteroidota indicated that it was remarkable for strain YYF0007T featured by such a set of CRISPR-Cas systems. This trait highlights the applications of strain YYF- 0007T in studies on the evolutionary dynamics and bacterial autoimmunity of CRISPR-Cas system as a potential model. The name Marinilongibacter aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, and the type strain is YYF0007T (= MCCC 1K06017T = GDMCC 1.2428T = JCM 34683T).

<i>Haloactinopolyspora alkaliphila</i> sp. nov., and emended description of the genus <i>Haloactinopolyspora</i>

Zhang, Yong-Guang,Liu, Qing,Wang, Hong-Fei,Zhang, Dao-Feng,Zhang, Yuan-Ming,Park, Dong-Jin,Kim, Chang-Jin,Li, Wen-Jun International Union of Microbiological Societies 2014 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.64 No.6

<P>A facultatively alkaliphilic actinomycete strain, designated EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from a saline-alkali soil sample from Xinjiang province, north-west China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic characterization. Strain EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> formed fragmented aerial hyphae and short spore chains, and rod-like spores aggregated at maturity. Whole-cell hydrolysates of the isolate contained <SMALL>ll</SMALL>-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and glucosamine, mannose, galactose, glucose and rhamnose as the marker sugars. The major fatty acids identified (>5 %) were anteiso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, summed feature 4 (iso-C<SUB>17 : 1</SUB>I/anteiso-C<SUB>17 : 1</SUB>B), iso-C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and anteiso-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB>. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H<SUB>4</SUB>). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> was 70.6 mol%. EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest phylogenetic neighbour <I>Haloactinopolyspora alba</I> YIM 93246<SUP>T</SUP> (98.5 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness value of the strain EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>H. alba</I> YIM 93246<SUP>T</SUP> was 59.3±5.2 %. On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species of the genus <I>Haloactinopolyspora</I>, for which the name <I>Haloactinopolyspora alkaliphila</I> sp. nov. (type strain EGI 80088<SUP>T</SUP> = BCRC 16946<SUP>T</SUP> = JCM 19128<SUP>T</SUP>) is proposed. The description of the genus <I>Haloactinopolyspora</I> has also been emended.</P>

Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration Tensile on the Mechanical Properties of High-Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composite

Dao-Hui Xiang,Zhi-Meng Zhang,Bang-Fu Wu,Hao-Ren Feng,Zhan-Li Shi,Bo Zhao 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.11

Silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite has been widely used in the military and aerospace industry due to its special performance; however, there remain many problems in processing. The present paper introduces an ultrasonic vibration tensile device with a view to investigating an ultrasonic vibration tensile specimen. The results show that there are three major stages in the change in stress of the material under ultrasonic vibration: the ultrasonic stress superposition effect, softening effect, and Hall–Petch strengthening effect, these three effects occupy different proportions in different tensile stages. In addition, increasing the frequency of ultrasonic vibration increased the degree of stress reduction. Increasing the ultrasonic vibration amplitude reduced the fracture strength of the material. Comparison of the fracture morphology shows that the conventional condition was mainly interfacial peeling of SiC particles, and cleavage of the fracture occurred under ultrasonic vibration conditions.

DFT and TD-DFT study on structure and properties of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA

Cai-Rong Zhang,Zi-Jiang Liu,Yu-Hong Chen,Hong-Shan Chen,You-Zhi Wu,WangJun Feng,Dao-Bin Wang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1

The geometry, electronic structure, polarizability and hyperpolarizability of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA, which contains a π-conjugated oligo-phenylenevinylene unit with an electron donor.acceptor moiety, was studied using density functional theory (DFT), and the electronic absorption spectrum was investigated via time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) with several hybrid functionals. The calculated geometry indicates that the strong conjugated effects are formed in the dye. The TD-DFT results show that the hybrid functional PBE1PBE and MPW1PW91 are more suitable than B3LYP for calculating electronic absorption spectra. The features of electronic absorption spectra were assigned on account of the qualitative agreement between the experiment and the calculations. The absorption bands in visible and near-UV region are related to photoinduced electron transfer processes, and the diphenylaniline group is major chromophore that contributed to the sensitization, and the interfacial electron transfer are electron injection processes from the excited dyes to the semiconductor conduction band. Compared with the similar dye D5, the good performance of TA-St-CA in dye-sensitized solar cells may be resulted from the higher energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the larger oscillator strengths for the most excited states with intramolecular electron transfer character.

Molecular identification and expression patterns of carboxylesterase genes based on transcriptome analysis of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Ya Nan Zhang,Jin-Bu Li,Peng He,Liang Sun,Zhao-Qun Li,Li-Ping Fang,Zhan-Feng Ye,Dao-Gui Deng,Xiu-Yun Zhu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.4

Carboxylesterases (CXEs) belong to a family of metabolic enzymes that are widely distributed in insects and other organisms and can rapidly degrade the components of sex pheromones and plant volatiles with an acetate functional group. The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is an important agricultural pest around the world, causing vast economic losses every year. The female sex pheromones of S. litura comprise four acetates, Z9, E11-14:OAc; Z9, E12-14:OAc; Z9-14:OAc; and E11-14:OAc, but the degradation mechanisms of these components are not well understood. By analysing previously obtained transcriptomic data of the sex pheromone glands,we identified a total of 24 putative CXE genes in S. litura. Gene expression patterns and phylogenetic analysis revealed 5 genes with antennae-specific or biased expression, and clusteredwith genes showed involvement in the degradation of sex pheromones or other detoxification in other insects. SlitCXE10was expressed specifically in the antennae of both sexes, and SlitCXE14, 17, 19, and 21 had high antenna biased expression. Interestingly, RT-PCR and qPCR tests indicated that SlitCXE24 had significantly higher expression in PG than in other tissue, and that it could be a potential candidate gene for sex pheromone degradation in PG. This study is the first to provide solid background information for the further elucidation of sex pheromone degradation, and ultimately provides potential targets for the disruption of sexual communication in S. litura for new pest management.

Ultralarge elastic deformation of nanoscale diamond

Banerjee, Amit,Bernoulli, Daniel,Zhang, Hongti,Yuen, Muk-Fung,Liu, Jiabin,Dong, Jichen,Ding, Feng,Lu, Jian,Dao, Ming,Zhang, Wenjun,Lu, Yang,Suresh, Subra American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2018 Science Vol.360 No.6386

<P>Diamonds have substantial hardness and durability, but attempting to deform diamonds usually results in brittle fracture. We demonstrate ultralarge, fully reversible elastic deformation of nanoscale (similar to 300 nanometers) single-crystalline and polycrystalline diamond needles. For single-crystalline diamond, the maximum tensile strains (up to 9%) approached the theoretical elastic limit, and the corresponding maximum tensile stress reached similar to 89 to 98 gigapascals. After combining systematic computational simulations and characterization of pre- and postdeformation structural features, we ascribe the concurrent high strength and large elastic strain to the paucity of defects in the small-volume diamond nanoneedles and to the relatively smooth surfaces compared with those of microscale and larger specimens. The discovery offers the potential for new applications through optimized design of diamond nanostructure, geometry, elastic strains, and physical properties.</P>

Development of Origanum vulgare Cell Suspension Culture to Produce Polyphenols and the Stimulation Effect of Salicylic Acid Elicitation and Phenylalanine Feeding

Yan-Ping Li,Dao-Bang Tang,Xiao-Qiang Wang,Meng Wang,Qing-Feng Zhang,Yuan Liu,Bei-Yun Shen,Jiguang Chen,Zhongping Yin 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.3

Three types of calli were induced from Origanum vulgare (O. vulgare) aseptic seedlings, and the friable calli with white appearance and high growth rate were further screened and used to develop cell suspension culture to produce polyphenols. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 3.0 mg/L Kinetin (KT) and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) was suitable for both O. vulgare cells growth and polyphenols accumulation. To further enhance the polyphenols accumulation, O. vulgare cells were treated by phenylalanine (Phe) feeding and salicylic acid (SA) elicitation. Compared with the individual Phe feeding and SA elicitation, SA elicitation combined with Phe feeding showed a much better promotion effect on the polyphenols synthesis in O. vulgare cells, especially rosmarinic acid (RosA) accumulation. With the combined treatment of 200 μM SA and 100 μM Phe, total polyphenols content and yield were 41.36 mg/g and 752.93 mg/L, respectively. RosA content and yield reached 31.25 mg/g and 570.37 mg/L, which were 5.44 and 5.47 times that of the control. Furthermore, the total polyphenols extracted from the cultured cells treated by SA elicitation combined with Phe feeding displayed a much higher antioxidant capacity than that of untreated cells, meanwhile its 1,1-diphenyl-2- trinitrophenyl hydrazine (DPPH) and superoxide anion radical-scavenging activity were much stronger than that of vitamin C. What’s more, our results also showed that RosA was the principal contributor to the fine antioxidant capacity of the total polyphenols extracted from the SA and Phe treated cells. Our research indicated that SA elicitation combined with Phe feeding significantly improved the polyphenols yield and antioxidant capacity of the cultured O. vulgare cells, and therefore has a promising application prospect in natural polyphenols production.

Finite Element and Experimental Analysis of Ultrasonic Vibration Milling of High-Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composites

Zhan-Li Shi,Dao-Hui Xiang,Hao-Ren Feng,Bang-Fu Wu,Zhi-Meng Zhang,Guo-Fu Gao,Bo Zhao 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.10

SiCp/Al composites have been widely used in many fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, the addition of reinforced phase SiC particles makes the overall properties of the composites hard and brittle, which brings great challenges to milling. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted processing technology has great advantages in processing hard and brittle materials. However, the process of rupture of SiC particles cannot be effectively observed during the test processing, and a large number of tests increase the cost of the test. The combination of finite element analysis and experiment was used to study the machining performance of High-volume fraction SiCp/Al composites in longitudinal-torsional ultrasonicassisted milling (LTUAM), and its feasibility was evaluated by comparing with conventional Milling (CM). By analyzing the trajectories of cutting edges in ultrasonic-assisted milling, It was found that ultrasonic frequency determines the time of periodic contact-separation between chisel edge and workpiece, and ultrasonic amplitude determines the maximum distance of contact-separation. Using ABAQUS finite element software, a polygon SiC particles model with a high-volume fraction was established to investigate the SiC particles crushing process under different ultrasonic-assisted milling conditions. The results showed that high-frequency ultrasonic-assisted milling could soften SiCp/Al composites, and the structural integrity of silicon carbide particles could be better maintained under appropriate ultrasonic amplitudes, reducing the probability of fragmentation. The removal mode was mainly plastic removal or crushing into small particles. The surface roughness value and milling force were reduced, improving the surface quality of the processed composite material. The conclusions of the milling test were basically consistent with the simulation results, which prove the correctness and feasibility of the simulation results

Preparation of porous cordierite ceramic with acid-leached coal gangue

Wang Xu-Dong,Xu Hai-Yan,Zhang Feng-Jun,Li Dong-Cai,Wang Ai-Guo,Sun Dao-Sheng,오원춘 한국세라믹학회 2020 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.57 No.4

The eff ect of impurities in coal gangue on the sintering and properties (porosity and compressive strength) of porous cordierite ceramics has been investigated by adjusting the amount of impurities by controlling the acid–gangue ratio during acid leaching. The sintering behavior and microstructure of the porous ceramics have been characterized via X-ray diff ractometry and scanning electron microscopy. The eff ects of both the acid–gangue ratio and sintering temperature on the porosity and compressive strength have been also investigated. The results indicated that both porosity and compressive strength of the porous cordierite ceramics prepared using acid-leached coal gangue were evidently improved. The content of the impurities in coal gangue was adjusted via acid leaching by controlling the acid–gangue ratio. The appropriate content of impurities in coal gangue facilitated the sintering process and improved the porosity and compressive strength of the obtained porous cordierite ceramics.

Processing, digestion property and structure characterization of slowly digestible gorgon nut starch

Jia-cheng Zeng,Pin-Jian Xiao,Li-Juan Ling,Li Zhang,Dao-Bang Tang,Qing-Feng Zhang,Jiguang Chen,Jing-En Li,Zhongping Yin 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.1

Slowly digestible gorgon nut starch (GN-SDS) was prepared by heating–cooling treatment (HCT), meanwhile its morphological and structural features were characterized in detail by SEM, DSC, XRD and IR detection. The optimized parameters of GN-SDS processing were as following: starch milk (20%) was heated at 100 °C for 20 min, and then cooled under 4 °C for 24 h. Under the optimized parameters, the SDS content increased from 20.49 to 61.74%. GN-SDS showed typical SDS characteristics in in vivo digestion with a low postprandial blood glucose. SEM images suggested that GN-S particles changed from uniform regular polyhedron with smooth surface to irregular gravel-like particles with coarse surface and obvious layered structure inside after HCT. The results of SEM, DSC, XRD and IR determination indicated that HCT changed the granule morphology, interior structure, gelatinization temperature and crystal type (A to B-type) of GN-S, and therefore made it hard to be digested accordingly.