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Changes in potassium concentration and gene expression in mice fed a high-fat diet
Junkoo Yi,Rijin Kang,Zaeyoung Ryoo,Duhak Yoon,Sunghyun Kim,Myoungok Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2015 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.16 No.4
Obesity is a risk factor for various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal disease, hypertension, cancer, and neural disease. Adipose tissue in animals is important for the mobilization of lipids, milk production, deposition of fat in different depots, and muscle and meat production. Understanding the genetic and physiological causes of metabolic disease is a priority in biomedical genome research. In this study, we examined several variables in mice fed a high-fat diet, including serum composition, body weight, total calorie intake, and differentially expressed genes. Body weight and blood glucose levels were not significantly different between animals fed high-fat and normal diets. However, high-fat diet groups showed reduced calorie and food intakes. Levels of sodium, ionized calcium, glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, pH, PCO2, PO2, TCO2+, HCO3+, base excess, and SO2 in the blood were not significantly different between mice fed high-fat and normal diets. Serum potassium concentration, however, was lower in mice a high-fat diet. Differentially expressed genes were also compared between the two groups. The purpose of this study was to discover new genes as a result of annealing control primer (ACP) PCR using 20 random primers. Five down regulated genes were identified and three of others were up-regulated by high-fat diet. Known genes were excluded from this result. In addition, the relationships among candidate genes and high-fat diet should be investigated according to potassium concentration in the blood. In conclusion, mice fed normal and high-fat diets showed no significant difference in body weight, whereas high-fat diet led to changesin blood composition and differential expression of several genes. These findings may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and metabolic diseases.
Inhibition of Phthalic Anhydride-Induced Skin Inflammation in IL-4 Knock-out Mice
Changjoon Bae,Miran Kim,Chuelkyu Kim,Byoungguk Kim,Sunbo Shim,Suhae Lee,Jisoon Sin,Jongmin Woo,Nonghoon Choe,Zaeyoung Ryoo,Changkyu Lee,Kabryong Chae 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.3
Atopic dermatitis and asthma are common chronic inflammatory diseases. A pivotal role of IL-4 in airway inflammation has been elucidated by studying mice in which IL-4 was genetically disrupted. However, there have been no trials to examine the effect of IL-4 dysfunction on skin inflammation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-4 in skin inflammation using IL-4<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice. To induce skin inflammation, a 15% phthalic anhydride solution was repeatedly applied to the dorsal surfaces of the ears of both IL-4<SUP>-/-</SUP> and BALB/c mice for 5 weeks. After treatment, skin inflammation-related factors were detected in the ear tissue, lymph nodes, spleens, and sera of the mice. Ear thicknesses and weights of the auricular lymph nodes, indicating the degree of skin inflammation, were significantly smaller in IL-4<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice than in BALB/c mice. Immunoglobulin E concentrations in sera were also significantly lower in IL-4<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice. In cytokine secretion profiles, expression levels of inflammation-inducing cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, KC, MCP-1 and VEGF were lower in IL-4<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice than in BALB/c. These findings suggest that knock-out of IL-4 relieves allergen-induced skin inflammation. Thus, the modulation of IL-4 expression may provide important insights into therapeutic targets of chronic skin inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis.
Effects of Sangju Honey on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells
Nangwon Yee,Hyeonjin Kim,Eungyung Kim,Yong Ho Cha,Lei Ma,Na Eun Cho,Dongwook Kim,Chae Yeon Kim,Sung-Hyun Kim,Zaeyoung Ryoo,이준구,김명옥 대한암예방학회 2022 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.27 No.4
Since ancient times, honey has been used in traditional medicine owing to its pharmacological effects. It possesses anticancer properties. However, the therapeutic implications of Sangju honey in cancer remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the potential anticancer effects of Sangju honey on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), particularly focusing on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptotic and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Ca9- 22 and YD-10B human OSCC cells were treated with 0.25% or 0.5% Sangju honey, and the cell viability was examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell morphology studies were conducted to observe morphological changes, and the wound-healing assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of honey-treated OSCC cells. Western blot analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression related to EMT and apoptotic and MAPK signaling pathways. Sangju honey reduced cell viability, induced morphological changes, and significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of Ca9-22 and YD-10B cells. The expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin was increased and decreased, respectively, in both OSCC cell lines. Moreover, Sangju honey stimulated apoptosis by increasing the expression of p21, p53, cleaved caspase 3, and caspase 9. Furthermore, it downregulated the expression of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, p-c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, and p-p38 in Ca9-22 and YD-10B cells. Sangju honey inhibits Ca9-22 and YD-10B cell proliferation by regulating EMT, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing the MAPK signaling pathway. Thus, it is a potential anticancer agent for human OSCC.