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Pak Yun-Suk,Ro Young Sun,Kim Se-Hyung,Han So-Hyun,Ko Sung-keun,Kim Taehui,Kwak Young Ho,Heo Tag,Moon Sungwoo 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.16
Background: The purpose of this study was to review the nationwide emergency care-related health policies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disaster in Korea and to analyze the effects of the policies on the safety of patients who visit emergency departments (EDs) during this period. Methods: This study is a quasi-experiment study. The study population was patients who visited all 402 EDs in Korea between December 31, 2019 and May 13, 2020, using the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) database. The study period was classified into 5 phases according to the level of national crisis warning of infectious disease and the implementation of emergency care-related health policies, and all study phases were 27 days. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was length of stay (LOS) in the ED during the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: The number of ED visits during the study period was 2,636,341, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 1.4%. The number of ED visits decreased from 803,160 in phase 1 to 496,619 in phase 5 during the study period. For in-hospital mortality, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) was 0.77 (0.74–0.79) in phase 5 compared to phase 3. Additionally, by subgroup, the ORs were 0.69 (0.57–0.83) for the patients with acute myocardial infarction and 0.76 (0.67–0.87) for severe trauma in phase 5 compared to phase 3. The ED LOS increased while the number of ED visits decreased as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, and the ED LOS declined after policy implementation (beta coefficient: −5.3 [−6.5 to −4.2] minutes in phase 5 compared to phase 3). Conclusion: Implementing appropriate emergency care policies in the COVID-19 pandemic would have contributed to improving the safety of all emergency patients and reducing in-hospital mortality by preventing excessive deaths.
핀 수영선수의 만성적 발목 불안정성에 따른 등속성 하지 근력 및 관절가동범위에 관한 연구
박재용(Jae Young Pak),안윤정(Yun Jeong Ahn),송영주(Young Joo Song) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.50
This study was conducted to examine the changes of isokinetic strength and ROM(range of motion) of ankle, knee, hip, lumbar joints related to chronic ankle instability. The subjects were 8 male Fin swimming athletes who have a chronic ankle instability in one side. We measured ROM of ankle, knee, hip, lumbar joints and isokinetic muscle strength of the lower extremity. In the results, ROM of ankle inversion and lumbar lateral flexion was significantly higher than those of uninvolved(p<.05). In addition, the strength of ankle inversion(p<.05)/eversion(p<.01), knee extension(p<.01) and abductiodduction of hip joint(p<.05) was significantly lower than those of uninvolved. In conclusion, it was suggested that chronic ankle instability induces weakness of muscle strength and deformation of ROM of lower extremity. Additionally, application of medical treatment and rehabilitation program for chronic ankle instability should be considered the both distal and proximal joints of lower extremity
Pak, Malk Eun,Jung, Da Hee,Lee, Hong Ju,Shin, Myung Jun,Kim, Soo-Yeon,Shin, Yong Beom,Yun, Young Ju,Shin, Hwa Kyoung,Choi, Byung Tae Elsevier 2018 Experimental neurology Vol.300 No.-
<P>We investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) and treadmill (TM) exercise improve behaviors related to motor and memory dysfunction in a cerebral palsy-like rat model via activation of oligodendrogenesis. A neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model was created using Sprague-Dawley rats (P7), and these underwent EA stimulation and treadmill training from 3 to 5 weeks after hypoxia-ischemia induction. FA treatment was delivered via electrical stimulation (2 Hz, 1 mA) at two acupoints, Baihui (GV20) and Zusanli (ST36). Behavioral tests showed that EA alleviated motor dysfunction caused by hypoxia-ischemia on a rotarod test, and TM exercise alleviated motor and memory dysfunction seen on cylinder and passive avoidance tests. Combined therapy with EA and TM exercise showed synergistic effects on the cylinder, rotarod, and catwalk tests. TM exercise significantly restored corpus callosum thickness, and combined therapy with EA and TM restored myelin basic protein (MBP) levels in this region. While EA stimulation only increased activation of cAMP-response element hinging protein (CREB) in oligodendrocytes of the corpus callosum, TM exercise increased newly generated oligodendrocyte progenitor cells or oligodendrocytes via activation of CREB. Synergistic effects on oligodendrogenesis were also observed by the combined therapy. Furthermore, the combined therapy induced mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the cerebral cortex. These results demonstrate that combined therapy with EA and TM exercise may restore myelin components following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia via upregulation of oligodendrogenesis involving CREB/BDNF signaling, which subsequently improves motor and memory function. Therefore, combined therapy with EA and TM exercise offers another treatment option for functional recovery from injuries caused by neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, such as cerebral palsy.</P>