슬관절의 신전 및 굴곡운동시 등속성 최대 토크의 발현

윤성원,선상규,안창영,홍관이 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所 1994 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.18

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relation between peak torque and revealed angle with using isokinetic load speed in low and high speed. To achieve it, we make use of experiment study with each of 50 people female and male. The size of sample is total 100 people. This experiment aims at measurement of using isokinetic machine in cybex. The summary of this result is as following; 1. The more increasing in load speed, revealed angle of peak torque show range of motion late. 2. In case of peak torque do not raise to women, it is negative relation to an revealed angle. 3. In isokinetic motion, from load speed 60° sec show the revealed speed of peak torque in case of man and women; A protractor display from 53° to 54° and a flexor from 34° to 38° that. 4. In isokinetic motion, from load speed 60° sec show the revealed speed of peak fortque in case of man and women; A protractor display form 44°~45° and a flexor form 41° to 44° that.

2,4-D 處理가 'Harcot' 살구와 '美白' 복숭아의 果實 成熟과 品質에 미치는 影響

윤철구,김영호,임상철,김학현,이철희,최관순,김선규 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 農業科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Effect of 2,4- D application on the fruit maturity and quality of 'Harcot' apricot and 'Mibaek' peach was examined. Leaf area of 'Harcot' apricot was not affected by 2,4-D while that of 'Mibaek' peach was increased by 35mg · L-1 2,4-D. Application of 2,4-D at 35mgㆍL-1 increased the fruit weight of both species, and that of 'Harcot' was doubled. Soluble solids content of 'Harcot' was decreased by 2,4-D while that of 'Mibaek' was not affected. Fruit maturity of 'Harcot' and 'Mibaek' was enhanced for respective 4 and 1 day by 2,4-D application. Percent fruit cracking of 'Harcot' apricot was decreased by 35mg · L-1 2,4-D.

만성 뇌경막하 혈종 외막의 병리조직소견과 외막 투과성에 대한 연구

박윤관,이기찬,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.4

Permeability of membrane of chronic SDH is a unique characteristic. And various types of attenuation of chronic subdural hematoma(SDH) appearing on computerized tomography(CT) scans are related to the changes occurring as the result of recurrent bleeding. The authors have investigated the membrane permeability of SDH according to the histological changes of the outer membrane of chronic SDH. A consecutive seires of 19 adult patients with chronic subdural hematoma has been studied in respect to the post-operative subdural drainage after burr-hole craniostomy and closed system drainage. The subdural drain was kept for 5 days. The amount and the pattern of daily drainage were correlated with histological findings of the outer membrane. The outer membrane of chronic SDH was very rich in blood vessels and contains giant capillaries. One electron microscopic finding of giant capillaries was the frequent formation of gap junctions between adjacent endothelial cells. Numerous red or white blood cells was spilling into the interstitial space of the outer membrane. In positive cases to both membrane hemorrhage and surface clot, total amount of drainage was significantly different from the cases without these findings(p=0.0263). In cases without membrane hemorrhage, the presence of migrating inflammatory cell was well correlated with total drainage amount(p=0.028). From these findings it is suggested that endothelial gap junction of macrocapillaies might play an important role in permeability of the outer membrane. But the recent episode of bleeding could act as a barrier and decrease the permeability actually. After resolution of fibrin clot infiltrated inflammatory cells which contribute to fibrinolysis would decrease and then the permeability would increase.

뇌경색후 발생한 Cortical Spreading Depression과 뇌경색 범위에 관한 실험적 연구

박윤관,이승민,김세훈,이기찬,주정화,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.3

Cortical Spreading Depression(CSD) is a transient depression of neuronal activity that spreads across the cortical surface and is associated with profound changes in blood flow, extracellular ion concentration. Direct Current(DC) potentials and cell membrane potentials. One of the electrophysiological disturbance in the periinfarct surrounding is spontaneous occurrence of repeated CSD like DC shifts associated with increased energy demand. Due to restricted blood flow to the periinfarct border zone, elevated metabolic demand is potentially harzardous. So the authors designed this experiment to verify the correlation between periinfarct cortical spreading depression and ischemic volume following permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats(n=27) were anesthetized with 0.5∼1% halothane, and artificially ventilated through a tracheal cannula. Arterial pressure, blood gases and body temperature were controlled. The middle cerebral artery(MCA) was occluded distally to the lenticulostriate branches. Measurements of CSD activity were made for 4 hours in each animal. Infarct volume was determined 6 hours later in 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)-stained sections. For 4 hours after MCA occlusion, the CSDs were found in all experimental animals with a range of 2∼9 times. Those CSDs wer of varying duration, : "small"(<1 min) and "big"(> 1 min) SDs and mean of total duration of SD was 10.5±10.3 min during 4 hours of MCA occlusion. Neuropathological evaluation of brain infarct in the rats, which had been allowed to survive for 6 hours after MCA occlusion showed a mean volume of 89.7±45.3㎣. Serial observation of duration of CSD showed progressive prolongation only in 8 rats. The rest of them(n=19) did not show any prolongation. Neither the prolongation of duration of CSD nor the frequency of CSD in the penumbral zone correlated with the volume of infarct. However total duration of CSD was slightly related with the infarct volume after 6 hours of the permanent MCA occlusion(r=0.414, p=0.0318).

신경외과 영역의 감염에 대한 Cefnam^(�)(Cefuzonam Sodium, L-105)의 임상 효과

김관태,장헌상,김성호,김윤 최신의학사 1991 最新醫學 Vol.34 No.10

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 적극적 환자 교육이 혈당조절에 미치는 효과

이윤욱,황원선,최선정,이동훈,김도현,이은희,홍은경,노혜림,정윤석,이관우,김현만 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.1

연구배경: 현재까지의 당뇨병 교육에 대한 노력은 제한되었으며, 연구 결과를 보면 식사 조절 교육과 체중 조절 프로그램을 수행한 환자들 중 적극적이고 기간이 긴 교육을 받은 경우, 성공적 결과가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 자가관리나 체중감량 등의 당뇨병 치료의 중요한 목표는 적극적이고 긴 기간의 교육 없이는 시행되기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 외래에서 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 시행할 수 있는 행동 및 식사 교육 등의 적극적 교육 프로그램을 개발하여 제2형 당뇨병 환자들을 대상으로 이들에게 식사 조절 방법에 대한 목표설정과 문제에 직면하였을 때의 해결 방법 등을 교육해서 궁극적으로는 적극적 자아관리에 연결될 수 있도록 도와주는 것을 목적으로 기존의 통상적 교육과 보다 적극적인 교육이 당뇨병 환자의 혈당 조절에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 알아보기 위해 다음과 같은 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 아주대학교 병원 내분비 대사 내과를 처음으로 방문하여 치료받았던 58명의 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 내원 환자들을 무작위하게 추출하여 진찰권 번호 끝자리에 따라 홀수는 통상적 교육군(conventional education group, CE)과 짝수는 적극적 교육군(intensive education group, IE)으로 나누어 교육하고, 3개월후에 교육의 효과를 평가하였다. 결과: 1) 연구 대상자들의 교육 전과 후의 공복혈당, 식후2시간 혈당 및 HbA_lc 치는 IE군과 CE군 모두 각 그룹 내에서, 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). IE군에서는 공복혈당이 12.4nmol/L에서 7.7nmol/L로, 식후2시간 혈당이 20.3nmol/L에서 10.9nmol/L으로, HbA_lc치가 9.4%에서 7.0%로 모두 교육 전에 비하여, 교육 후에 감소(p<0.05)하였고, CE군도 공복혈당은 10.9nmol/L에서 9.4nmol/L로, 식후2시간 혈당은 17.1nmol/L에서 14.6nmol/L으로 HbA_lc가 8.5%에서 7.3%으로 모두 교육 후에 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한, 교육 전에 비하여 교육 후에 공복 혈당 및 HbA_lc치가 감소하는 정도는 IE군에서의 감소가 CE군에 비해 더 현저하였다Op<0.05). 2) 식사에 대한 태도는 3부분으로 나누어 식사에 대한 규칙성, 식사 내용의 균형성, 식사에 대한 태도 등으로 나누어 각각의 점수 및 총점을 비교하였으며 교육 전에 비해 교육 후에 연구 대상자들의 식태도가 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다. 두 그룹간의 차이를 분석한 결과 식사의 균형성 항목에서와 총점에서 유의적으로 두 그룹의 차이를 보여서 IE군에 CE군에 비해 식사의 균형성 측면이 향상되었고, 전체적인 식태도가 좋아졌음을 알 수 있었다(p<0.05). 결론: 비교적 긴 기간은 아니지만 적극적 교육을 받은 당뇨병 환자들이 통상적 교육을 받은 군보다 혈당 및 HbA_lc, 식태도 점수등의 수치의 호전뿐만 아니라 당뇨병 환자의 삶에서 중요한 부분을 차지하는 식사요법 관리 부분에 있어 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. Background: To this date, efforts to develop effective methods for the education of diabetic patients have been limited. The important goal of self-management and weight control for diabetic treatment can not be attained without long and intensive period of education. This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of an intensive educational program, of behavior and diet control, which was carried out on subjects with type 2 diabetes, on and out-patient basis. we compared the effectiveness of an intensive education programme with that of a conventional education programme for the self-management of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected, and allocated to one of two groups. One group received a conventional education programme of self-management(the CE group), and the second group received an intensive education progammes for three months, after which the effectiveness of the programmes were evaluate. Results: 1) The levels of fasting blood sugar(FBS), postprandial 2 hour blood sugar(PP2h) and HbA1c were significantly lowered in both groups following the intervention(p<0.05). In the IE group, the FBS declined from 12.4nmol/L to 7.7nmol/L, PP2h declined from 20.3nmol/L to 10.9nmol/L, and the HbA_lc showed a similar decline from 9.4 to 7.0% after intervention(p<0.05). In the Ce group, the FBS declined from 10.9 to 9.4nmol/l, the PP2h decreased from 17.1 to 14.6nmol/l, and the HbA_lc also decreased from 8.5 to 7.3% after intervention(p<0.05). The decrease in the FBS and HbA_lc following the educational intervention was more pronounced in the IE group than the CE group(p<0.05). 2) The effectiveness of the education programmes in promoting appropriate dietary behavior in the diabetic subjects was assessed by a scoring system in three parts: a regularity score, a balance score and an attitude score. From a comparative study of the three scores, the patients attitudes were observed to be much improved in both the groups following the intervention compared to before the programmes, but the balance and total scores were significantly higher in the IE group than the CE group(p<0.05). Conclusion: We can conclude that the intensive diabetic education programme is more effective than a conventional programme, not only in improving the patients' levels of glucose, HbA_lc, and dietary score, but also the diabetic patients self-control abilities, promoting behavioral change, and prompting problem solving capabilities in respect to the everyday problems that they have to face throughout their lives(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 18:63∼72, 2003).

전력선 통신(PLC)을 위한 모뎀 개발에 관한 연구

신관우,김용태,이윤섭 공주대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

PLC (Power Line Communication) is the communication method using the existing power line installed in houses and offices to convert and transmit high frequency communication signal from tens of KHz to tens of MHz, and receive the filtered signal using high frequency filter. The advantage of PLC is that PLC uses the existing power line installed in houses and offices so it does not require separate power line. Easy and convenient access using electric outlets is another advantage of PLC. However, PLC has some disadvantages such as limited transmission power, high load interference and noise, variable signal attenuation, characteristic of impedance, selective possibility of frequency property. This study designed the boiler temperature control system by unit using the modem designed on the basis of technology used for PLC modem. After conducting experiments with systems, it was possible to control stably. By commercializing this product, we can avoid unnecessary heating of separate temperature control unit, and save the cost accordingly.

뇌경색에 대한 실험적 연구(Ⅰ)

김관태,김윤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

This study examined the effects of naloxone and methyiprednisolone on neurological function, infarct size, and brain edema in thirty-two cats with acute focal cerebral ischemia induced by transorbital middle cerebral artery(MCA) clipping. Thirty-two cats were divided into three groups : a control group of twenty-two animals, a naloxone-treated group of five animals, and a methylprednisolone-treated group of five animals. All cats were anesthetized with ketamine and pentobarbital. After the removal of the orbital contents, the left MCA trunk was exposed and then. clipped with the aid of an operation microscope or loupe. Thirty minutes after clipping, five cats received naloxone(lOmg/kg bolus) and five other cats were given metbylprednisolone(15mg/kg bolus). Two hours after occlusion, all cats were killed by the intravenous injection of 2M KCl 10m1 and 25m1 of 2%TTC solution was infused into each common carotid artery. Brains were fixed and examined histologically. The results were as follows: 1) The neurologic outcome was better in naloxone-and methyiprednisolone-treated groups than in the control group. 2) Percent hemispheric volume infarction(% HVI) was higher in the control group(mean HVI=50) than in the naloxone-treated group(mean % HVI=39) and in the methylprednisolonetreated group(mean %o HVI=35). 3) The incidence of cerebral edema was significantly lower in the naloxone-treated group(40%) and methylprednisolone-treated group(40%) than in the control group(lOO%). In conclusion, treatment with naloxone or methylprednisolone improved neurologic outcome, infarct and brain edema from focal ischemic insults.

Masserman 방법에 의한 뇌척수액 생성률 측정의 새로운 변형

박윤관,정용구,정흥섭,서중근,이훈갑,주정화,이기찬 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.8

Two modifications of the Masserman method for the measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation have been designed and compared with the Pappenheimer technique, the Masserman method and its old form of modification in animal experiment. Among the theoretical limitations of the Masserman method, resorption of CSF during the period of measurement was taken into account with two modifications of its integration in this study. The first one was calculated by reduced formula for a simple integration and the second one was produced by Simpson's formula of integration. Twenty adult cats were used for the experiment. Mean CSF production rate calculated by the Pappenheimer method, the Masserman method, the modified Masserman method and newly designed two modifications were 0.0207±0.0018㎖/min, 0.0128±0.0031㎖/min, 0.0166±0.0027㎖/min, 0.0183±0.003㎖/min and 0.0197±0.0033㎖/min respectively. When compared with the Pappenheimer method, data obtained from the Masserman method were significantly underestimated(p<0.01). All modifications have well correlated with the Pappenheimer method, and newly modified Masserman methods showed better cerrespondence.

초기혈관조영술상 음성의 소견을 보인 지주막하출혈에 대한 임상연구 : Whether or not to Repeat the Angiography

박윤관,정흥섭,이기찬,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.3

In recent years there has been a tendency to abandon repeat cerebral angiography in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) if the inital angiogram is normal because prognosis is said to be excellent. Our experiences does not support such a conclusion. In 291 cases with subarachnoid hemorrhages(SAH), four vessel cerebral angiograpjhy was performed to investigate a source of the hemorrhage. The first four vessel study on admission revealed 234 cases(80.4%) of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Fifty-five of 291 patients with primary subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) did not show vascular lesion in initial pan-angiography studies. In order to define the benefit of control angiography these patients were reviewed. Among 41 patients who underwent repeat angiography, a second angiography showed an aneurysm in 24(58.5%). Twelve of the twenty-four cases had aneurysms in the anterior communicating artery. But the age, sex, initial clinical grade and CT grade of patients with aneurysm in repeat angiography were indistinguishable from thoses of patients without aneurysm. Even in the patients who showed angiographic vasospasm in intial angiography, probability of revealing an aneurysm was not different from those without spasm. We conclude that repeat angiography is necessary in the cases of SAH with normal initial angiogram regardless of the CT findings and the presence of vasospasm.