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Trends in Infectious Disease Mortality, South Korea, 1983–2015
Choe, Young June,Choe, Seung-Ah,Cho, Sung-Il U.S. Department of Health and Human Services * Cen 2018 Emerging Infectious Diseases Vol.24 No.2
<P>We used national statistics from 1983–2015 to evaluate trends in mortality caused by infectious diseases in South Korea. Age-standardized mortality from infectious disease decreased from 43.5/100,000 population in 1983 to 16.5/100,000 in 1996, and then increased to 44.6/100,000 in 2015. Tuberculosis was the most common cause of death in 1983 and respiratory tract infections in 2015. We observed a significant decline in infant deaths caused by infectious diseases, but mortality in persons age <U>></U>65 years increased from 135 deaths/100,000 population in 1996 to 307/100,000 in 2015. The relative inequality indices for respiratory tract infections, sepsis, and tuberculosis tended to increase over time. Although substantial progress has been achieved in terms of infant mortality, death rates from infectious disease has not decreased overall. Elderly populations with lower education levels and subgroups susceptible to respiratory infections and sepsis should be the focus of preventive policies.</P>
Choe, Young June,Bae, Geun-Ryang The Korean Pediatric Society 2012 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.55 No.12
Following the Five Year Measles Elimination Program, measles has been declared eliminated from the Republic of Korea since 2006. However, there remain challenges related to the surveillance of measles in the postelimination phase. Even though the routine surveillance system has revealed a gradual decrease in the number of reported cases since 2002, 4 resurgences have occurred, notably due to outbreaks. Because vaccine-modified measles is becoming widespread due to high vaccination coverage, conducting laboratory confirmation in each case becomes important. Moreover, susceptible individuals with measles have been identified through seroprevalence studies. Lastly, the efforts to improve the timeliness of measles reporting have led to the establishment of an active laboratory-based surveillance network, which has shortened the interval between diagnosis and notification. In these circumstances, searching for more sensitive and effective surveillance measures is important for maintaining the elimination status and preventing future outbreaks of measles in Korea.
Trends in the use of antibiotics among Korean children
Choe, Young June,Shin, Ju-Young The Korean Pediatric Society 2019 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.62 No.4
Inappropriate antibiotic use is the most important factor causing increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics, thus affecting patient outcomes. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a serious public health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Korea, the burden of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become an important public health issue. There is increasing evidence of overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Korea, as observed in cohorts with large sample sizes. Antibiotic use among children should receive particular attention because of the frequency of community-associated infections among this population and the elevated risk of transmission. Recent studies from Korea have demonstrated that the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, either for inpatient or outpatient treatment, has increased among many age groups, especially children. In this review, we aim to describe the patterns of antibiotic prescription and evaluate recent trends in antibiotic use among children. Coordinated efforts toward communication and education in order to address misunderstandings regarding antibiotic use, involving interprofessional antimicrobial stewardship programs, are required in the near future.
Mitigating from COVID-19 during Intercollegiate Sports Match
Choe Young June,Song In Han,Kim Kabsung,Hyun Seunghun,Park Hee-Deung,Kim Yun-Kyung 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.3
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has posed a significant threat not only to health outcomes but also to other societal sectors, including the educational system. Apart from youth education, colleges and universities are characterized by the integration of in-depth theoretical and practical knowledge in young adulthood. Our observations in this study suggest that college fairs, sports matches, and extracurricular activities can be safely resumed when population-level immunity has reached herd protection.
Choe, Young-June,Lee, Young Hwa,Cho, Sung-Il Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vol.57 No.-
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>To characterize the temporal dynamics of mumps epidemiology according to the different vaccine strains used, sex-specific trends were decomposed in an age–period–cohort (APC) analysis for mumps cases reported in South Korea.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>National surveillance data were used to describe the epidemiology of mumps cases from 2001 to 2015. An APC model was used to break down the reported mumps cases into the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>From 2001 to 2015, the incidence started to increase from fewer than 10 cases to more than 100 cases per 100 000. The incidence rate was highest among males aged 15–17 years during 2013–2015, reaching 508.7 per 100 000 persons. There was an increased incidence during the late teenage years in the 1998–2000 cohort. An age shift towards the earlier teenage years was observed across the 2001–2003 and 2004–2006 cohorts. The risk of mumps increased according to the birth cohort; the net drift from 2001 to 2015 was 27.67 (95% confidence interval 27.5.47–29.90) for males and 27.25 (95% confidence interval 24.91–29.65) for females.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The increase in mumps seen in Korea may have been affected by the birth cohort exposed to the Rubini strain; however other factors may have contributed to the increase in non-exposed cohorts.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> From 2001 to 2015, mumps incidence increased from 10 to >100 cases per 100 000/year. </LI> <LI> The incidence rate was highest among males aged 15–17 years in 2013–2015. </LI> <LI> There were statistically significant cohort and period relative risks and net drifts. </LI> </UL> </P>
Global varicella vaccination programs
Lee Young Hwa,Choe Young June,Lee Jia,Kim Eunseong,Lee Jae Young,Hong Kwan,Yoon Yoonsun,Kim Yun-Kyung 대한소아청소년과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.65 No.12
Varicella (chickenpox) is an infectious disease caused by the highly contagious varicella zoster virus with a secondary attack rate greater than 90%. From this perspective, we aimed to establish the basis for a national varicella vaccine policy by reviewing vaccination programs and policies of countries that have introduced universal varicella vaccinations. As a result of the spread of varicella, an increasing number of countries are providing 2-dose vaccinations and universally expanding their use. In practice, the efficacy and effectiveness of vaccination differ among vaccines and vaccination programs. Optimized vaccination strategies based on each country’s local epidemiology and health resources are required. Accordingly, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of varicella vaccines in different settings. Given the short-term and fragmented vaccine effectiveness evaluation in Korea, it is necessary to evaluate its effectiveness at the national level and determine its schedule based on the evidence generated through these studies.