Heumann 法에 依한 Indigo 合成의 考察

林龍進,鄭鍾鉉 慶北大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

Indigo has been known as one of the oldest natural dyes and taken from the leaves of the plant called indigofera tinctoria and has been used as a blue pigment or vat dye for wool and cellulose fiber so far. Numerous methods have been proposed since Bayer's synthesis of indigo in 1870, but all of them present many difficulties in the practical operations. The method discovered by Heumann in 1890, consisted of the caustic soda fusion of alkali salt of phenylglycine-o-carboxylic acid to form indoxyl, which undergoes quantitative oxidation in alkaline solution to indigo, have been widely used, cormmercially until recently. But there are also many problems on the preparation of anthranilic acid. The oxidation process of phthalic amide to anthranilic acid is the most important stage in the Heumann process because the yield of anthranilic acid varies widely according to the reaction time and temperature. In this study, the effects of reaction time and temperature were discussed and the optimum conditions of the oxidation process were checked out, and then, on the preparation of indigo from anthranilic acid, the 2-step process, taking off the separation of phenylglycine-o-carboxylic acid, was attempted and compared with the normal process. The results show that the yield of anthranilic acid was increased with increasing of time and temperature of the reaction up to 60min., 72℃, and then decreased in contrast with the fact that common reactions maintain the constant value. The by-product which was separated from the filterate on the process of anthranilic acid preparation was identified with the phthalic acid formed by the unoxidation or over-oxidation. The yield of indigo prepared by 2-step process dropped a little compared with the normal process, but it seems to be very interesting in the commercial preparation of indigo.

耐熱性 合成樹脂에 關한 硏究 : Aromatic Polyamide의 合成과 耐熱性에 關하여

林龍進,金祐埴,민경은 慶北大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Thermally stable polymer which does not lose weight rapidly up to about 400℃ was prepared from p-aminobenzoic acid by means of melt polymerization. The polymer was identified completely para oriented aromatic polyamide by analytical data. And some information obtained from synthetic process and thermal and/or chemical stability of these polymers was discussed.

아몰퍼스 리본의 자기특성과 자구구조

임재근,신용진 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

In this thesis, we measure the Barkhausen effect of zero-magnetostrictive amorphous ribbon and then investigate its possibility to be used as a sensor material. We used a sample of composition (Fe Co ) Si B with a thickness of 12[㎛], width of 2.5[㎜] and length of 5[㎝], which was fabricated by a single roll method. In order to improve magnetic characteristics of th sample, we had carried on annealing in the magnetic field and in none magnetic field. Our measurement results of the magnetic characteristics show that the ribbon jas large Barkhausen jump even in weak magnetic field. We also observed magnetic domain and magnetic domain wall structure in the process of magnetization by using Kerr-effect microscope. These prove that the sample can be used as an magnetic sensor material.

Effect of Photoperiod, Temperature and True-leaf Stage in Bolting Rate of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus)

Lim,Jung-Dae,Seo,Jeong-Sik,Lee,Hyeon-Yong,Kim,Jong-Dai,Lee,Jin-Ha,Yu,Chang-Yeon 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

Root chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus) is potential alternative medicinal and sugar crop which accumulates a high amount of linear polyfructan, inulin in its roots. A problem in root production is that over-wintered stock plants often flower. Once the plant becomes reproductive, stem elongation and root growth slows and floral buds arise from every node, rendering the plants useless for propagation. The objectives of this research was to examine the effectiveness of manipulating environmental factors containing photoperiod, temperature and number of leaf states. The experiment was performed in growth chamber to create two photoperiods (8 h, and 16 h) with three temperature regimes (5℃/3℃, 10℃/8℃, and 15℃/13℃ day/night temperature) for a total of six treatments on three type of true-leaf stage of plant. Data of bolting rate, shoot and root length, shoot and fresh weight was invetigated in each treatments. This is the first report on changes in bolting rate and shoots and roots production during a whole growing season and differences in the effect of cold and photoperiod treatment depending on the true-leaf stage of plant.

아몰퍼스 리본에 의한 변위센서

임재근,강재덕,신용진 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In this thesis, we fabricate a zero-magnetostrictive amorphous ribbon, measure the impedance effect, and then investigate possibility to be used as a sensor material. Co72.5Fe5.5MoB15Si5 is used as composition of specimen alloy. We first melt the specimen in high frequency induction furnace and then rapidly quench it by using single roll technique. As the result, we obtain a ribbon where length=93㎜, thickness=12㎛ and width=1㎜. Consequently, it is proved through this study that zero-magnetostrictive amorphous ribbon can be used as an excellent magnetic sensor material.

중소기업 정보화 장애요인에 관한 연구

임기홍,전용진 한국생산성학회 2001 生産性論集 Vol.15 No.3

It is believed that using information technology is the best way to survive under the current business environment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The importance of using information technology is also emphasized in order for them to be successful and competitive companies in the world. Many small and medium-sized enterprises still have difficulties in using or building an efficient computerized information technology system. This study discusses the difficulties such as funds, technology, and human resources. Based on the discussions, it tries to analyze the relationships between the difficulties and organizations' characteristics or performances. It is believed that using information technology is the best way to survive under the current business environment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The importance of using information technology is also emphasized in order for them to be successful and competitive companies in the world. Many small and medium-sized enterprises still have difficulties in using or building an efficient computerized information technology system. This study discusses the difficulties such as funds, technology, and human resources. Based on the discussions, it tries to analyze the relationships between the difficulties and organizations' characteristics or performances.

만성관절염과 루푸스의 피로, 통증, 및 통증효능감에 관한 연구

임난영,이은영,양용숙,정순애,차경옥,이여진 대한류마티스 건강전문학회 2000 근관절건강학회지 Vol.7 No.1

This study was designed to distinguish by the characteristic difference and the degree of symptoms such as fatigue, pain, coping to pain, and efficacy on pain, and to offer descriptive data for nursing intervention for improving coping ability to pain along each characteristics of disease in chronic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The subjects were 135 outpatients in the hospital for rheumatic disease in H-University, Seoul. The data were collected by structural questionnaire, from April 29 to June 29, 1999. The results were that the fatigue score was high in the OA patients while the RA patients and SLE patients experienced middle range of fatigue score, but which was not statistically different. Although the RA patients felt higher pain than other diseases, they have well coped with their pain than the others. In efficacy on pain the SLE patients had higher score than others but all of the disease showed lower score. No statistically significant difference among the three croup was recorded in efficacy on pain. Therefore, pain management in the RA patients was primary nursing intervention because they felt severe pain and have well coped with pain while they had lower pain efficacy score than the others. It is also important that fatigue management and coping strategies on pain for the OA patients and SLE patients are specially supportive in the nursing intervention.

Sr·페라이트의 자기특성에 관한 연구

임재근,서강수,문현욱,신용진 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1992 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.-

This thesis is the study on the magnetic properties of strontium (Sr) ferrite. Specimens of SrO·nFe₂O₃,basic composition, with n=5.9 which is nonstoichiomatric composition region were prepared by sintering at 1275°C for 1hr, whthin air surroundings. In order to increase coercivity, additives of 0.4wt%SiO₂ and 0.7wt%CaCO₃ were added into basic composition, and 0.5wt%∼2.0wt%Cr₂O₃ was added as second additives. In case of second additives 1.5wt%Cr₂O₃, it was obtained uniformed grain size and magnetic properties was increased. The sintering temperature was 1150°C, 1180°C, 1210°C, 1240°C and 1270°C respectivily and cooling was performed in furnance. From the research and experiments on the magnetic properties of strontium (Sr) ferrite based on the complex additive technique, it was obtained good magnetic properties of (BH)mas=0.72MGOe, at the sintering temperature of 1210°C, in the case of (basic composition)+(basic additive)+(1.5wt%Cr₂O₃)

Improved Micropropagation of Root Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus.

Lim,Jung-Dae,Yang,Deok-Chun,Lee,Hyeon-Yong,Kim,Jong-Dai,Lee,Jin-Ha,Sung,Eun-Soo,Yu Chang-Yeon 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

The establishment of an efficient protocol for plant regeneration and micropropagation from leaf explant cultures of Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus. is reported. Callus formation rate appeared 100% from explant in all growth regulators, but calli formed in the prensence of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were appeared very compact and non-embryogenic state. The regenerated shoots were obtained from leaf explant cultures on solid MS medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin. The highest number of shoots (5.7) per explant and shoot growth (2.8cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.1 mg BAP L^-1 and 0.1 mg NAA L^-1. Indole acetic acid was the most suitable auxin for root formation among three auxins tested. 2,4-D had no effect on shoot and root formation.

모 연취급장 근로자들의 연폭로지표들과 혈압과의 관련성

임상복,김용배,이용진,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1998 순천향산업의학 Vol.4 No.1

In order to investigate the relationship between blood lead with other lead exposure indices and blood pressure in occupationally lead exposed male workers, 629 workers(515 lead exposed workers and 114 non lead exposed workers) in a storage battery factory were studied. Blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and urinary δ-aminolevulinic acid(ALAU) were selected as an index of lead exposure. Height and weight were also meaured with calibrated automatic height-weight machine to produce fatness index directly. Personal information on smoking and drinking history were also collected. Blood pressure was mearured by trained nurses with automatic sphingomanometer. All workers took at least 30 minute rest before their measurement of blood pressure. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The prevalence rate of hypertension of lead exposed and non-exposed workers were 3.5% in both group without any difference. 2. There were no differences of systolic and diastolic pressure between groups divided by lead exposure, smoking habit, drinking habit. but the increase of age group made the difference of diastolic pressure, and only differenct of systolic pressure observed in age group of less than 20 and that of more than 40. 3. In pearson's correlation analysis, PbB was correlated with systolic pressure significantly, but not with diastolic pressure. PbB was also correlated with pressure difference(systolic pressure-diastolic pressure). 4. There were no significant increase of systolic, diastolic pressure and pressure difference by the increase of PbB and ZPP grouping. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis using systolic pressure as dependent variable and PbB, ZPP, ALAU, age, work duration, smoking habit, drinking habit and fatness (weight*0.9/height-100) as independent variables, revealed that PbB, age, drinking habit and fatness in order were significantly contributed to the dependent variable. 6. Stepwise multiple regression analysis using diastolic pressure as dependent variable and PbB, ZPP, ALAU, age, work duration, smoking habit, drinking habit and fatness (weight*0.9/height-100) as independent variables, revealed that ALAU, age and fatness in order were significantly contributed to the dependent variable. 7. Stepwise multiple regression analysis using pressure difference as dependent variable and PbB, ZPP, ALAU, age, work duration, smoking habit, drinking habit and fatness(weight*0.9/height-100) as independent variables, revealed that PbB, age and fatness in order were significantly contributed to the dependent variable. 8. Logistic analysis of hypertensive conditions with categorized blood lead and other selected categorized independent variables indicated that only age(40> and 40≤) and fatness(1.0> and 1.0≤) were significantly contributed to dependent variable with 95% significant odd ratio confidence interval. With above results, lead exposure in terms of blood lead seemed to be minimally contributed to the raise of blood pressure, and the effect of blood lead was found to be more prominent on the pressure difference than the systolic and diastolic pressure themselves.