Protective potential of Chinese herbal extracts against microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an emergent pathogen of western honey bees, Apis mellifera L.

Chen Xiuxian,Wang Shuai,Xu Yingying,Gong Hongri,Wu Yuqi,Chen Yanping,Hu Fuliang,Zheng Huoqing 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

Nosema ceranae, a newly emergent parasite invading western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), is indicated to threaten honey bee health at both individual and colony levels. However, the efficient and environmentallyfriendly treatments are quite limited at present. To find alternative medicine to control Nosema diseases, the effect of 8 types of herbal extracts against N. ceranae infection were screened under laboratory condition. Of which, 1% Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) decoction was found to significantly decrease N. ceranae spore numbers on 7 days post infection (dpi) and 13 dpi. Then, our results further revealed that A. paniculata decoction at doses ranging from 1% to 7% displayed significant efficient inhibition of Nosema spore proliferation and improved the infected bees’ survival rates in a dose-dependent manner. A. paniculata decoction was found to protect the gut tissues of infected workers from damage cause by N. ceranae, which might be due to the regu lation of the expression of certain genes in Wnt and JNK pathways, including armadillo, basket, frizzled2 and groucho. Additionally, our study suggested that A. paniculata decoction performed this Nosema spore-reducing potential over its two monomers, andrographolide and dehydrographolide. Taken together, this work enables us to better understand A. paniculata decoction’s potential to inhibit N. ceranae infection, thus providing a new guidance for developing applicable drugs to control Nosema diseases.

Comprehensive analysis of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles in backfat tissue between Daweizi and Yorkshire pigs

Chen Chen,Yitong Chang,Yuan Deng,Qingming Cui,Yingying Liu,Huali Li,Huibo Ren,Ji Zhu,Qi Liu,Yinglin Peng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3

Objective: Daweizi (DWZ) is a famous indigenous pig breed in China and characterized by tender meat and high fat percentage. However, the expression profiles and functions of transcripts in DWZ pigs is still in infancy. The object of this study was to depict the transcript profiles in DWZ pigs and screen the potential pathway influence adipogenesis and fat deposition, Methods: Histological analysis of backfat tissue was firstly performed between DWZ and lean-type Yorkshire pigs, and then RNA sequencing technology was utilized to explore miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles in backfat tissue. 18 differentially expressed (DE) transcripts were randomly selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) to validate the reliability of the sequencing results. Finally, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted to investigate the potential pathways influence adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis and lipid metabolism, and a schematic model was further proposed. Results: A total of 1,625 differentially expressed transcripts were identified in DWZ pigs, including 27 upregulated and 45 downregulated miRNAs, 64 upregulated and 119 down-regulated lncRNA, 814 upregulated and 556 downregulated mRNAs. QPCR analysis exhibited strong consistency with the sequencing data. GO and KEGG analysis elucidated that the differentially expressed transcripts were mainly associated with cell growth and death, signal transduction, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), PI3K-Akt, adipocytokine and foxo signaling pathways, all of which are strongly involved in cell development, lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. Further analysis indicated that the BGIR9823_87926/miR-194a-5p/AQP7 network may be effective in the process of adipocyte differentiation or adipogenesis. Conclusion: Our study provides comprehensive insights into the regulatory network of backfat deposition and lipid metabolism in pigs from the point of view of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs.

Protective Effect of Schisandra chinensis Polysaccharides Against the Immunological Liver Injury in Mice Based on Nrf2/ARE and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Yingying Shan,Bin Jiang,Jiahui Yu,Jiaye Wang,Xiaoli Wang,He Li,Chunmei Wang,JianGuang Chen,Jinghui Sun 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9

We have previously demonstrated the hepatoprotective effect of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharides (SCP) against the liver injury induced by alcohol, high-fat diet, and carbon tetrachloride in mice. In this study, we investigated the effect of SCP against the immunological liver injury induced by concanavalin A (Con A) in mice. The results showed that SCP could significantly reduce the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum of mice with immunological liver injury. SCP could significantly decrease the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the liver tissue. SCP could significantly increase the number of CD4+ and decrease the number of CD8+ in the peripheral blood, and elevate the ratio of CD4+/CD8+. SCP could significantly downregulate the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and upregulate the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) and downstream gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and downregulate the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) proteins. This study indicates that SCP can reduce the release of a large number of inflammatory factors to inhibit the oxidative stress in mice with the immunological liver injury induced by Con A, and its mechanism is closely related to the regulation of Nrf2/antioxidant response element and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Synthesis of aminated calcium lignosulfonate and its adsorption properties for azo dyes

Yingying Wang,Linli Zhu,Xiaohong Wang,Wanru Zheng,Chen Hao,Chenglong Jiang,Jingbo Wu 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.61 No.-

A low-cost adsorbent, aminated calcium lignosulfonate (ACLS) was prepared and successfully applied to the adsorption of Congo red and the Titan yellow dyes. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental mapping images (EMIs) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. And the efficiency of ACLS for the removal of Congo red and the Titan yellow dyes was evaluated by several factors, such as temperature, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration of dyes solution. And the test ranges of temperature, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration of dye solution were 25–45 °C, 2–12, 0.005–0.05 g, 1–48 h, 10–200 mg L−1, respectively. The adsorption results demonstrated a good ability to remove dye with the removal rates of 97% and 91% for 30 mg L−1 Congo red and 40 mg L−1 Titan yellow, respectively. The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherms can be well described by the pseudo second order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm model for the both dyes, respectively. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity of Congo red and Titan yellow reached 258.4 mg g−1 and 190.1 mg g−1 in the study of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, respectively. Thermodynamic studies show that the adsorption of the two dyes is a spontaneous endothermic process. The results indicate that the ACLS has the potential to be used in the treatment of dye wastewater.

Research on the mechanical properties of membrane connections in tensioned membrane structures

Yingying Zhang,Qilin Zhang,Yang Li,Lu Chen 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.49 No.6

As an important part, the connections generally are important for the overall behavior of the structure and the strength and serviceability of the connection should be ensured. This paper presents the mechanical properties of membrane connections in tensioned membrane structure. First, the details of common connections used in the membrane structure are introduced. Then, the common connections including membrane seam, membrane-flexible edge connection and membrane-rigid edge connection are tested and the corresponding failure mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the effects of connection parameters on the connection strength are investigated and proper connection parameters are proposed. The strength reduction factors corresponding to different connection types are proposed, which can be references for the design and analysis of membrane structures.

Preparation and adsorption characters of Cu(II)-imprinted chitosan/attapulgite polymer

Yingying Shi,Qianghua Zhang,Liangdong Feng,Qingping Xiong,Jing Chen 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.5

Using attapulgite (ATP) as matrix, chitosan (CS) as functional monomer, and introducing the surface ionimprintingconcept, a new Cu(II)-IIP was prepared, and characterized by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. The adsorption ofCu(II) aqueous solution with Cu(II)-IIP was investigated by flame atomic adsorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The polymerhas good selectivity for Cu(II) from competitive metal ions, and the selectivity coefficient of Cu(II) relation to Pb(II),Cd(II) was 78.45 and 82.44, respectively. Sorption equilibrium isotherms could be described by Langmuir and Freundlichmodels; the Freundlich isotherm has shown the best agreement with experimental data, and experimental value of maximumadsorption capacity for Cu(II) was 35.20 mg/g. The obtained thermodynamic parameter (ΔGo, ΔHo, ΔSo) showedthat the Cu(II) adsorption process is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The kinetic data showed that pseudosecond-order kinetic model agrees very well with the dynamic behavior for the sorption of Cu(II) onto Cu(II)-IIP.

Shaking Table Test on Composite Isolation System of High-speed Railway Station with Integrated Station-Bridge Structure

Yingying Zhang,Penghao Yu,Baorui Sun,Yi Zhou,Peijian Chen,Junhao Xu,Yushuai Zhao 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.2

This paper investigated the seismic performance of a typical “Integrated Station-Bridge high-speed railway station structure with a composite isolation system. The influential mechanism of the structure with isolation system was analyzed based on shaking table tests, mainly investigating on the failure mode, acceleration response and displacement response. Besides, a parameter optimization method of isolation layer for long-span structures was proposed based on genetic algorithm to better enhance the isolation performance of the large-span structure. The research revealed that there was no obvious damage to the composite isolation system under the PGA = 0.82 g. The nature frequency of the structure with isolation system is only 12.5% of that of non-isolation structure. The first three natural vibration frequency of the structure with isolation system only reduce 3.4%, 3.2%, 6.14% after the PGA = 1.27 g, that of the non-isolation structure reduce by more than 20%. The acceleration amplification factor of each layer of composite isolation system is less than 1, in particular, that of truss is about 0.3. The displacement response and acceleration response of the structure with isolation system have been reduced by about 90%. The proposed optimization method of isolation layer parameters provides an important reference for the isolation design for high-speed railway stations.

ON SOLUTIONS TO SOME NONLINEAR DIFFERENCE AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Chen, Wei,Hu, Pei-Chu,Zhang, Yingying Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회지 Vol.53 No.4

In this paper, we study entire solutions of some nonlinear difference equations and transcendental meromorphic solutons of some nonlinear differential equations. Our results generalize the results due to [11], [17].

Computing turbulent far-wake development behind a wind turbine with and without swirl

Yingying Hu,Siva Parameswaran,Jiannan Tan,Suranga Dharmarathne,Neha Marathe,Zixi Chen,Ronald Grife,Andrew Swift 한국풍공학회 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.1

Modeling swirling wakes is of considerable interest to wind farm designers. The present work is an attempt to develop a computational tool to understand free, far-wake development behind a single rotating wind turbine. Besides the standard momentum and continuity equations from the boundary layer theory in two dimensions, an additional equation for the conservation of angular momentum is introduced to study axisymmetric swirl effects on wake growth. Turbulence is simulated with two options: the standard k-ε model and the Reynolds Stress transport model. A finite volume method is used to discretize the governing equations for mean flow and turbulence quantities. A marching algorithm of expanding grids is employed to enclose the growing far-wake and to solve the equations implicitly at every axial step. Axisymmetric far-wakes with/without swirl are studied at different Reynolds numbers and swirl numbers. Wake characteristics such as wake width, half radius, velocity profiles and pressure profiles are computed. Compared with the results obtained under similar flow conditions using the computational software, FLUENT, this far-wake model shows simplicity with acceptable accuracy, covering large wake regions in far-wake study.

Observation and characterization of the effect of electron cyclotron waves on toroidal rotation in EAST L-mode discharges

CHEN, Jun,HU, Ruiji,LYU, Bo,WANG, Fudi,WANG, Xiaojie,XU, Handong,LI, Yingying,FU, Jia,YIN, Xianghui,WU, Dajun,LIU, Fukun,ZANG, Qing,LIU, Haiqing,SHI, Yuejiang,MAO, Shifeng,YU, Yi,WAN, Baonian,YE, Miny IOP Publishing 2017 Plasma science & technology Vol.19 No.10