Alterations of Amino Acid Level in Depressed Rat Brain

Yang, Pei,Li, Xuechun,Ni, Jian,Tian, Jingchen,Jing, Fu,Qu, Changhai,Lin, Longfei,Zhang, Hui The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Amino-acid neurotransmitter system dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology of depression. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of amino acids as a source of neuro-specific biomarkers could be used in future diagnosis of depression. Only partial amino acids such as glycine and asparagine were determined from certain parts of rats' brain included hippocampi and cerebral cortex in previous studies. However, according to systematic biology, amino acids in different area of brain are interacted and interrelated. Hence, the determination of 34 amino acids through entire rats' brain was conducted in this study in order to demonstrate more possibilities for biomarkers of depression by discovering other potential amino acids in more areas of rats' brain. As a result, 4 amino acids (L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, taurine and ${\gamma}$-amino-n-butyric acid) among 34 were typically identified as potentially primary biomarkers of depression by data statistics. Meanwhile, an antidepressant called Fluoxetine was employed to verify other potential amino acids which were not identified by data statistics. Eventually, we found L-${\alpha}$-amino-adipic acid could also become a new potentially secondary biomarker of depression after drug validation. In conclusion, we suggested that L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, taurine, ${\gamma}$-amino-n-butyric acid and L-${\alpha}$-amino-adipic acid might become potential biomarkers for future diagnosis of depression and development of antidepressant.

Alterations of Amino Acid Level in Depressed Rat Brain

Pei Yang,Xuechun Li,Jian Ni,Jingchen Tian,Fu Jing,Changhai Qu,Longfei Lin,Hui Zhang 대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Amino-acid neurotransmitter system dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology ofdepression. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of amino acids as a source of neuro-specificbiomarkers could be used in future diagnosis of depression. Only partial amino acids such as glycineand asparagine were determined from certain parts of rats’ brain included hippocampi and cerebralcortex in previous studies. However, according to systematic biology, amino acids in different areaof brain are interacted and interrelated. Hence, the determination of 34 amino acids through entirerats’ brain was conducted in this study in order to demonstrate more possibilities for biomarkers ofdepression by discovering other potential amino acids in more areas of rats’ brain. As a result, 4 aminoacids (L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, taurine and γ -amino-n-butyric acid) among 34 were typicallyidentified as potentially primary biomarkers of depression by data statistics. Meanwhile, anantidepressant called Fluoxetine was employed to verify other potential amino acids which were notidentified by data statistics. Eventually, we found L-α -amino-adipic acid could also become a newpotentially secondary biomarker of depression after drug validation. In conclusion, we suggested thatL-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, taurine, γ-amino-n-butyric acid and L-α-amino-adipic acid might becomepotential biomarkers for future diagnosis of depression and development of antidepressant.

Preliminary conceptual design of a small high-flux multi-purpose LBE cooled fast reactor

Xiong Yangbin,Duan Chengjie,Zeng Qin,Ding Peng,Song Juqing,Zhou Junjie,Xu Jinggang,Yang Jingchen,Li Zhifeng 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.8

The design concept of a Small High-flux Multipurpose LBE(Lead Bismuth Eutectic) cooled Fast Reactor (SHMLFR) was proposed in the paper. The primary cooling system of the reactor is forced circulation, and the fuel element form is arc-plate loaded high enrichment MOX fuel. The core is cylindrical with a flux trap set in the center of the core, which can be used as an irradiation channel. According to the requirements of the core physical design, a series of physical design criteria and constraints were given, and the steady and transient parameters of the reactor were calculated and analyzed. Regarding the thermal and hydraulic phenomena of the reactor, a simplified model was used to conduct a preliminary analysis of the fuel plates at special positions, and the temperature field distribution of the fuel plate with the highest power density under different coolant flow rates was simulated. The results show that the various parameters of SHMLFR meet the requirements and design criteria of the physical design of the core and the thermal design of the reactor. This implies that the conceptual design of SHMLFR is feasible

Long noncoding RNA UCA1 inhibits ischaemia/reperfusion injury induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress

Jing Chen,Qi Hu,Bo‑fang Zhang,Xiao‑pei Liu,Shuo Yang,Hong Jiang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.7

Background Ischemia heart disease is one of the major causes of death worldwide which often associated with tissue infarction and limit the recovery of function. Multiple factors involved in the I/R-induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction which were consistent with a role of oxidative stress and altered endothelium-dependent responses. However, the pathogenic mechanisms in I/R injury remain unclear. Materials and methods The H9C2 cells were in the ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) condition. After I/R, the cells were transfected with or without adenovirus-urothelial carcinoma associated 1(Ad-UCA1). Then qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify mRNA expression of different treatment groups. Cell apoptosis rate was assessed using flow cytometry and ER stress biomarker expression were measured by immunoblotting. Intracellular and mitochondrial ROS generation were assayed by fluorescence microscope after staining with the DCFDA or MitoSOX. Results I/R conditions trigger lncRNAs UCA1 expression, cellular and mitochondria ROS production, resulting in cell apoptosis through the induction of oxidative and ER stress. Overexpression of UCA1 protects H9C2 cells from I/R-induced ER stress and cell apoptosis. Moreover, UCA1 might be a potential regulator in the protective effect of I/R‑induced oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction. Subsequently, ER stress inhibitor attenuated the effect of siUCA1 induced injury in H9C2 cells. Conclusion The expression of UCA1 against I/R induced oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress. UCA1 might be a biomarker to improved diagnosis of I/R injury.

New Stochastic Robust Stability Criteria for Time-Varying Delay Neutral System with Markovian Jump Parameters

Jing Chen,Ji-Qing Qiu,Peng Shi,Hong-Jiu Yang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.2

In this paper, the problem of stochastic robust stability of time-varying delay neutral system with Markovian jump parameters is investigated. The jumping parameters are considered as a continuous-time, continuous state Markov process. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, a new delay-dependent stochastic stability criteria is presented in terms of LMIs. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed method.

IL-17A Secreted by Th17 Cells Is Essential for the Host against Streptococcus agalactiae Infections

( Jing Chen ),( Siyu Yang ),( Wanyu Li ),( Wei Yu ),( Zhaowei Fan ),( Mengyao Wang ),( Zhenyue Feng ),( Chunyu Tong ),( Baifen Song ),( Jinzhu Ma ),( Yudong Cui ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.5

Streptococcus agalactiae is an important bacterial pathogen and causative agent of diseases including neonatal sepsis and meningitis, as well as infections in healthy adults and pregnant women. Although antibiotic treatments effectively relieve symptoms, the emergence and transmission of multidrug-resistant strains indicate the need for an effective immunotherapy. Effector T helper (Th) 17 cells are a relatively newly discovered subpopulation of helper CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, and which, by expressing interleukin (IL)-17A, play crucial roles in host defenses against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. However, whether S. agalactiae infection can induce the differentiation of CD4⁺ T cells into Th17 cells, and whether IL-17A can play an effective role against S. agalactiae infections, are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the responses of CD4⁺ T cells and their defensive effects after S. agalactiae infection. The results showed that S. agalactiae infection induces not only the formation of Th1 cells expressing interferon (IFN)-γ, but also the differentiation of mouse splenic CD4⁺ T cells into Th17 cells, which highly express IL-17A. In addition, the bacterial load of S. agalactiae was significantly increased and decreased in organs as determined by antibody neutralization and IL-17A addition experiments, respectively. The results confirmed that IL-17A is required by the host to defend against S. agalactiae and that it plays an important role in effectively eliminating S. agalactiae. Our findings therefore prompt us to adopt effective methods to regulate the expression of IL-17A as a potent strategy for the prevention and treatment of S. agalactiae infection.

Interaction between dietary digestible tryptophan and soy oligosaccharides in broiler chickens: effects on caecal skatole level and microflora

Jing Chen,Hansong Jing,Haiying Liu,Xin Zhu,Guiqin Yang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary digestible tryptophan (dTry) and soy oligosaccharides (SO) on growth performance, caecal skatole level, and microflora of broiler chickens aged from 14 to 42 days. Methods: Three hundred and sixty broiler chicks were allocated equally to 36 cages at 14-day-of-age according to body weight and gender. Using a 3×2 factorial arrangement, 3 dietary dTry levels (0.18%, 0.23%, and 0.28%) supplemented with 0 or 3.5 g/kg of SO were used to create 6 diets (treatments). Each diet was fed to six replicates of 10 birds (60 birds/treatment), growth performance was measured. Caecal content samples were collected at 42 days of age. Results: Results showed that significantly different dTry level×SO interactions were found for average daily gain (ADG), caecal levels of indole, propionic acid, and butyric acid, and microbial Shannon index (p<0.05). Birds fed diet containing 0.23% dTry level with SO supplementation had higher ADG and lower feed/gain ratio than those fed the other diets (p<0.05). Broilers fed diets containing 0.28% dTry increased their caecal levels of indole and skatole compared with those containing 0.18% or 0.23% dTry (p<0.01), regardless of SO addition. SO supplementation to diets decreased the caecal skatole level by 16.17% (p<0.05), and increased the relative frequency of Clostridium IV (p<0.05), regardless of dietary dTry level. Conclusion: These results indicated that diets containing 0.23% dTry with SO supplementation positively promoted ADG, and decreased caecal skatole levels of broiler chickens. The dietary dTry level, SO affected the caecal skatole level, however, there was no interaction between them.