치아염소산 나트륨의 사용이 복합레진 수복물의 미세누출에 미치는 영향

양계식,김대업 원광대학교 치의학연구소 2003 圓光齒醫學 Vol.12 No.1

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of a commercial 10% sodium hypochlorite gel on the microleakage of composite resin restorations in primary teeth. Materials and methods: On the buccal surface of eighty extracted human primary molars, O-shaped cavities were prepared with high speed carbide bur; the diameter and depth of cavities were 1.5 mm. After rinsing off the etchant, one drop of 10% NaOCl(AD gel, Kuraray, Japan) was pretreated to the etched cavities and left for 0 second(control) and 60 seconds. The gel was rinsed off with water and the cavity surface kept visibly moist prior to the application of the adhesive as per manufacturer's instructions. The adhesives are Scotchbond Multi-Purpose(3M, USA), and Single Bond(3M, USA). The cavities were filled with composite resin Z100(3M, USA) and light cured with Optilux 501(Demetron, USA) for 10 seconds. The restorations were polished using the Sof-Lex discs(3M, USA). The specimens were thermocycled for 1,000 times in baths kept 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C with a 30 seconds dwell time. Then, they were immersed in a 2% methylene blue solution(pH 7) for 12 hours. Subsequently they were sectioned mesio-distally through the center of the restoration with a diamond saw at low speed with a water coolant, and evaluated by stereomicroscopy. Microleakage analyses were done, using scores from 0 to 4. Results: AD gel can decrease microleakage, depending on the resin adhesive used.

어린이 그림에 투사된 치과치료 불안의 분석에 관한 연구

양계식,김대업,이광희 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of study was to develop the method of analysis of drawings to assess the level of anxiety of children for dental treatment. 702 school children from second to fourth grade drawed pictures representing the dental treatment situation. Caries experience and dental treatment experience were investigated. Drawings were analyzed using criteria modified from Dental Anxiety Scale by Sheskin et al. The index 'drawing of the dentist' was replaced by 'drawing of smile of the dentist' and the index 'number of colors used' was replaced by 'number of persons drawed'. The results were as follows : 1. The mean anxiety score was 2.19, and the range was from 0 to 6.00. 2. The anxiety score was 2.27 inboys and 2.13 in girls. 3. The anxiety score was 1.93 in second grade, 2.30 in third grade, and 2.40 in fourth grade. There were siginificant difference between second grade and the other grades(P<0.01). 4. The anxiety score by theme color was 2.50 in black, 2.37 in brown, 2.36 in red, 2.33 in white, 2.22 in orange, 2.18 in yellow, 2.15 green, 2.12 in ocher yellow, 2.11 in gray, 2.08 in pick, and 2.03 in violet. 5. The anxiety score was 2.21 in treated children and 2.03 in untreated children. 6. Pearson correlation coefficent was -0.1170 (P<0.01) between anxiety score and dt index and 0.078(P<0.05) between anxiety score and ft rate. 7. The index 'height' was highest in the anxiety score and then 'smile', 'omission', 'instrument', 'number of person', and 'treatment situation' were in order. 8. The indexes 'smile' and 'omission' had the most high correlation with the total anxiety score.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

지능형 빌딩을 위한 통신실 설치기준

김영오,서태석,양수경,류명주,고대식 牧園大學校 建築·都市硏究센터 1998 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구에서는 국내 건축물의 통신실에 대한 운영상의 문제점을 조사·분석하고 효율적인 구내통신 서비스를 위한 통신실의 설계 및 설치기준안을 제시하였다. 국내 업무용 건물의 통신실 설계 및 설치현황을 조사한 결과, 대부분의 통신실 크기가 장비의 설치 및 유지보수시에 필요한 여유공간의 고려가 없이 작게 설치되어 있었으며, 위치 고려의 문제점도 발견되는 등 통신실의 설계 및 설치단계에서 통신실의 중요성이 크게 인식되지 못한 문제점이 있었다. 한편, 통신실에 관한 국내·외 기준을 비교한 결과, 대부분의 선진국에서는 통신실의 설치기준이 자세하게 포함된 구내통신설비의 설계 및 설치 기술표준을 제정, 운용하고 있었지만, 국내에는 통신실에 대한 구체적인 설계 및 설치 표준이 없는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 국내 주거용 및 업무용 구내통신설비 설치표준과 미국의 통신협회인 BICSI 매뉴얼을 기반으로 하고 국내상황을 고려한 통신실의 설계 및 설치 기준안을 작성하였다.

분사식 주사기를 이용한 소아환자의 국소마취

이재춘,김대업,이광희,김성형,양계식 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

소아치과에서 국소마취는 공포의 대상이며, 특히 행동조절이 힘든 소아의 경우 더욱 그러하다. 국소마취에 대한 공포는 주사침의 자입시나 주사액의 주입시 느끼는 동통 만큼이나 주사침 자체의 공포도 크게 차지한다. 주사침 자입시의 동통을 완화하기 위하여, 도포마취제 등이 개발되었으나 이들은 국소마취의 동통을 완화시키는 면은 있으나 주사침 자체에 대한 공포를 없애지는 못하였다. Syrijet Mark Ⅱ??(Mizzy Inc, USA)는 주사침이 없는 치과용 분사식 주사기(jet injection device)로서 소아에서 주사침에 대한 공포를 성공적으로 감소시킬 수 있다고 알려져 있다. 저자들은 여러 행동등급의 소아를 대상으로 Syrijet을 사용하여 국소마취를 시행한 후 동통평가의 척도로서 VAS(visual analogue scale)를 소아에게 적합하게 색생화한 CAS(color analogue scale)을 이용하여 국소마취시의 동통수준을 측정한 결과, 기존 주사침에 의한 국소마취시 보다 국소마취의 동통이 감소된 것을 알 수 있었다. Syrijet의 장점으로는 주사침이 없다는 점, 기존의 술식에서 일회용이었던 미취용 카트리지를 재사용할 수 있다는 점, 신경 및 혈관에 안전하다는 점 등이 있었으며, 단점으로 부피가 크며, 가격이 비싸며, 사용시 숙련성을 요구한다는 점 등이 있었다. Local anesthesia procedure in pediatric dentisty using needle-tipped syringes is stressful and painful for the child patients. The Syrijet Mark Ⅱ (Mizzy Inc. USA) is a jet injection instrument, which uses high pressure to propel fluids into soft tissue without the use of a hollow neeldle, so it seems to be able to reduce the injection phobia of the child patients. The authors compared the Syrijet with the conventional syringe by assessing the pain level after local anesthetic procedures using CAS(color analogue scale) which was developed from VAS(visual analogue scale). The result showed that the pain was reduced by the use of syrijet. The advantages of syrijet were no use of neeldes, the reuse of the anesthetic cartridge, and the safety to nerves and vessels. The disadvantages were the large size, the high price, and the need of skill to use.

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

회전식 nickel-titanium file을 이용한 유치의 근관치료

서주희,이광희,김대업,양계식 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

유치의 근관치료에서 치수절제술은 실활된 유치를 치열궁내에 유지하기 위해 치관과 근관부분의 괴사된 치수조직을 완전하게 제가하는 것을 말한다. 이 술식은 감염된 치수의 세균을 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 하며, 다양하고 불규칙한 유치 근관의 형태가 주된 장애 요소로 작용한다. 더욱이 비협조적인 어린이의 경우에는 오랜 시간동안 정교한 시술을 하기가 곤란하다. 최근 들어 근관치료시에 회전식 기구를 이용하여 근관형성을 하는 장비들이 많이 개발되었으며 저속전기 모터에 회전식 NiTi file을 이용한 술식이 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 증례에서는 회전식 NiTi file과 전기모터를 이용하여 유구치의 근관치료를 시도하였다. 치수강을 개방하고 치관부 치수를 제거한 후 잠정적 작업장을 측정하였으며 적절한 NiTi file을 선택하여 잠정적 작업장까지 crown-down 방법으로 점차적으로 형성하였다. 수용 file로 근단부 도달 및 성형을 하고 전체적인 마무리를 하여 Vitapex로 충전하여 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. The pulpectomy or root canal treatment on primary teeth is to be done when there is evidence of chronic in flammation or necrosis in the radicular pulp. Due to the tortuous and ribbon-shaped anatomy of the primary teeth, the instrumentation of endodontic hand files and barbed broaches is not an easy procedure. Recently, many automatic Ni-Ti rotary instruments have been developed and has made endodontic treatment easier and faster. This report describes two cases of root canal treatment on primary molars using Ni-Ti rotary files. The cervical constricture was eliminated by the crown-down method, as smaller file proceeded unhindered into the apical third of the canal. In addition, the crown-down technique enhanced the efficacy of the endodontic irrigant. The use of rotary instrumentation for primary teeth seemed to be a more effective way to debride the uneven walls of primary teeth.

생체분해성 고분자를 이용한 사시수술용 제형개발 및 효용성에 대한 연구

민병무,김용백,김승영,김창식,박근성,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

A new device, muscle clamping system was developed to facilitate exact quatifying technique A strabismus surgery, and reduce the risk of complications. The device is composed of a lower fixing body with three jaws and an upper supporting body. They are used to clip an extraocular muscle and fix it to the sclera with a single bite. Superior rectus recession on 16 rabbit eyes were performed with this new device. Conjunctival injection, muscle adhesion strength, and light microscopic findings were examined at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. The Conjunctival injection were minimal, adhesion power ranged from 420 to 600 gram gravity, which is sufficient in withstand the normal pull of human extraocular muscle. In microscopic exam, some Inflammatory cells and fibrosis were found. The new device was technically easy, fast, and accurate, so it may be useful in stabismus surgery.

배추 시스테인 단백질 분해 효소 억제 유전자 BCPI-1의 발현과 종자 발아 및 유묘 생장과의 연관성

홍준기,이은영,김정률,양경애,최영주,정우식,김호일,윤대진,이상열,조무제,임체오 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Phytocystatins are protein inhibitors of cysteine proteinases of the papain family that have been identified in both monocot and dicot plants. A cDNA encoding a phytocystatin, BCPI-1 (Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1) has been isolated from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) flower buds. Here, we tested whether BCPI-1 transcription is regulated by hormones, and could be involved in regulating cysteine proteinases during and after germination. BCPI-1 was sensitive to exogenous GA_(3) and ABA, which are important factors controlling seed germination, suggesting that the expression of BCPI-1 is hormonally regulated. We introduced a recombinant plasmid containing the full-length BCPI-1 cDNA under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter into rice embryogenic calli using the particle delivery method, and regenerated a number of transgenic rice plants. Constitutively over-expressed BCPI-1 caused changes in overall plant growth and development, including reduced germination and seedling growth. These data support the role of the BCPI-1 in the regulation of endogenous proteinases during both seed germination and subsequent seedling development. Phylocystatins은 papain계열의 cysteine 단백질 분해 효소 활성을 특이적으로 억제하는 억제자로 다양한 식물 종으로부터 분리되었다. 본고에서는, 배추 화아 cDNA library로부터 분리된 phytocystatin인 BCPI-1(Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1)의 생체 내 기능에 대해 연구하였다. 먼저, BCPI-1 전사체는 발아 조절에 중요한 영향을 미치는 GA₃와 ABA에 의해 예민하게 증가, 혹은 감소되는 반응을 보임으로써, BCPI-1이 식물 호르몬의 영향을 받으며, 특히 발아나 유묘의 생장 조절에 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Particle bombardment 방법을 통하여 BCPI-1을 벼의 배 형성 세포 내에 도입, 재분화 시켜 형질 전환 벼를 생성하였다. CaMV 35S promoter의 조절에 의해 지속적인 BCPI-1 발현을 보이는 형질 전환 벼의 경우, 발아와 유묘 생장이 현저히 지연되었다. 위의 결과들을 바탕으로, BCPI-1이 식물체 내에서 생성되는 cysteine 계열의 단밸질 분해 효소 활성을 조절하여 종자의 발아와 유묘의 생장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 추측한다.