Effects of 20-day litter weight on weaned piglets' fighting behavior after group mixing and on heart rate variability in an isolation test

Sun, YaNan,Lian, XinMing,Bo, YuKun,Guo, YuGuang,Yan, PeiShi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.2

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of 20-day litter weight on behavior and heart rate variability (HRV) of piglets under stress. Methods: Forty four original litters were categorized as high litter weight (HW) litters (n = 22) and low litter weight (LW) litters (n = 22) by 20-day litter weight. From each original HW litter, three males and three females were randomly selected after weaning and the 12 piglets from two original litters with similar age of days were regrouped into one new high litter weight (NHW) litter (11 NHW litters in total). The original LW litters were treated with a same program, so that there were 11 new low litter weight (NLW) litters as well. The latencies to first fighting, fighting frequencies and duration within three hours were recorded after regrouping and the lesions on body surface within 48 hours were scored. Besides, HR (heart rate, bpm, beats per minute) and activity count (ACT), time domain indexes and frequency domain indexes of the piglets were measured in an isolation trial to analyze the discrepancy in coping with stress between the original HW and LW litters. Results: The results exhibited that piglets from the HW litters launched fighting sooner and got statistically higher skin lesion score than those from the LW litters (p = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). Regarding the HRV detection, compared with the HW litters, the LW litters exhibited a lower mean HR (p<0.05). In the isolation test, a highly significant higher ACT value was observed between the HW litters, compared to the LW litters (p<0.01). Significant differences were observed in standard deviation of R-R intervals, standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals, and most frequency-domain indicators: very low-frequency, low-frequency, and high frequency between the HW and LW litters as well. The difference in LF:HF was not significant (p = 0.779). Conclusion: This study suggests that compared with litters of low 20-day litter weights, litters with higher 20-day litter weight take more positive strategies to cope with stress and have stronger HRV regulation capacity; HW litters demonstrate better anti-stress and adaptation capacity in the case of regrouping and isolation.

Host-guest doping induced excited state energy transfer for efficient room temperature phosphorescence emission

Yurong Guo,Yanan Wang,Yingdan Gao,Jingran Zhang,Chao Wang,Guangjiu Zhao 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-

The 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives as the guest and the benzophenone (BP) analogues bis(4-chlorophenyl)methanone (BP2C) and bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone (BP2F) benzophenone derivativesas the host, we constructed a series of novel doping systems with fluorescence and room temperaturephosphorescence (RTP) dual emission. The steady-state spectroscopy, ultrafast spectroscopy techniques,and theoretical calculations indicate that Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between singlet statesbetween host and guest components enables energy redistribution in doped systems. At the same time,the Dexter energy transfer (DET) between the triplet states realizes the obvious absorption of the excitedtriplet state of the guest, resulting in the long-lived room temperature phosphorescence of the doped system. Doping materials have unlimited potential for information storage and anti-counterfeiting byexploiting the properties of photo activation.

Prediction of Cellulose Crystallinity in Liquid Phase Using CBM-GFP Probe

Xiaoyu Guo,Fan Yang,Huixue Liu,Yingmin Hou,Yafang Wang,Jie Sun,Xiaoyi Chen,Yanan Liu,Xianzhen Li 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.4

Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) have been developed to investigate the presence of crystalline and amorphous regions of cellulose. However, systematic and quantitative assessment of cellulose crystallinity using such non-hydrolytic fusion proteins in liquid phase has not been reported. In this work, cellulose directed CBM probes containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed and named CG17, CG28, and CG2a. The probe binding condition was determined as incubating 30 μg/mL probes in 10 mM phosphate buffer at 30oC for 60 min. Under the optimized condition, the linear correlations between CBM probe binding capability and X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystallinity were well established. Using linear regression equations, the crystallinity of several cellulosic materials was well calculated. Amorphous component and cellulosic surface area probably had a less effect on binding capability of CG2a than that of CG17 and CG28. Therefore, crystalline-region specific probe CG2a should be an efficient tool for interpreting the crystallinity of cellulosic materials.

Multilayer-Structured Poly-Vanadium Acid/Polyaniline Composite: Synthesis and Properties for Humidity Sensing

Li Li,Yanan Guo,Chao Zhao,Liyuan Song 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.7

A high-performance humidity sensor based on multilayer-structured poly-vanadium acid/polyaniline (V/PANI) composite was reported in this paper. Two-layer-structured V/PANI composite was fabricated by dip-coating poly-vanadium acid and electrochemically polymerizing PANI onto the interdigitated gold electrode in sequence, and then the process could be repeated to prepare the second two-layer-structured V/PANI composite. The crystalline phase properties and structural characteristics of the poly-vanadium acid, PANI, and V/PANI composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy, respectively. The morphological characteristics of the first two-layer-structured V/PANI composite and multilayer-structured V/PANI composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, sensors based on the multilayer-structured V/PANI composite showed good humidity sensing properties. For instance, its impedance changed linearly for approximately four orders of magnitude in a wide range of 11-97% RH. Furthermore, it displayed small hysteresis (∼5%RH), fast response (t90% of 8 s and 12 s for adsorption and desorption processes, respectively), good stability. The possible sensing mechanism was analyzed by considering the special multilayer structure and using complex impedance spectra and the corresponding equivalent circuit of the sensor. The measurement results highlight the multilayer-structured V/PANI composite film is a candidate material for constructing humidity sensors.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcriptional and cell subpopulation differences between human and pig immune cells

Li Jie,Xu Yanan,Zhang Jiayu,Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Han,Wei Dong,Wu Changhong,Hai Tang,Sun Hai-Xi,Zhao Yong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.3

Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells. Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells.

Logistic Distribution Disruption Management Model Based on Distribution Time Delay

Ren Xiangyang,Zhou Xingyao,Guo Yanan 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.8

Distribution delay is a common problem that causes logistics distribution plan difficult to implement. This paper using the customer satisfaction degree, the vehicle drivers’ satisfaction degree, the logistics company deviation cost and the customer future selection lost cost to measure the disturbing degree of disruption events. In this paper, a Genetic Algorithm based on improved elitist strategy is designed, and using re-scheduling and disruption management to solve the instance respectively, it demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of disruption management methods.

Temperature dependent development of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) from Yangtze River Delta region of China

Wang Yinghui,Zhang Yanan,Wang Jiangfeng,Kang Chengtao,Hu Gengwang,Guo Yi,Chen Jie,Yang Lijun,Wang Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), isomnivorous andwidely distributed in the world. Black soldier flies usually colonize corpse at a relatively late stage and have a longer developmental time compared to other flies. It can serve as a good supplementary indicator for estimating a longer minimum postmortem interval (PMI min ) in forensic investigations. In this paper, the development of H. illucens was investigated at six constant temperatures between 19 and 34 ◦ C. Under temperatures of 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, and 34 ◦ C, the mean developmental time from eggs to adults was 90.96, 58.29, 54.61, 42.33, 32.33 and 34.52 days, respectively. Developmental time and accumulated degree days results were used to construct thermal sum mation model and isomorphen diagram. The calculated values of lower developmental thresholds and thermal summation constant estimated by a linear model were 11.88 ◦ C and 650.89 degree days, respectively. Through a nonlinear model, the upper lethal developmental threshold temperature, intrinsic optimum temperature and lower developmental thresholds were estimated to be 35.18, 20.50 and 13.17 ◦ C, respectively. A growth curve, an equation and isomegalen diagram based on them show the relationship between developmental time and larval body length. The larval body length increased with increased developmental time and eventually pla teaued, revealing an S-shape growth curve. These results provide important basic developmental data for H. illucens, which can be used to estimate the PMI min .

Intrapuparial development and age estimation of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) for postmortem interval estimation

Li Liangliang,Zhang Yanan,Chen Yang,Guo Yi,Wang Yinghui,Hu Gengwang,Kang Chengtao,Jiangfeng Wang,Wang Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.2

Sarcophaga peregrina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a widely distributed species in the Palearctic, Oriental and Australian regions. Numerous studies and case reports have confirmed the value of this species in forensic investigations, but methods for estimating the age of the intrapuparial period of this species are lacking. In this study, S. peregrina pupae were sampled at 16 ◦ C, 19 ◦ C, 22 ◦ C, 25 ◦ C, 28 ◦ C, 31 ◦ C, and 34 ◦ C. Morphological changes within the puparium were observed under a stereomicroscope. The results of the study showed that S. peregrina could complete its intrapuparial development at each of the seven tested constant temperatures. As the temperature increased, the average minimum duration of the intrapuparial period of S. peregrina decreased from 706.7 ± 28.1 h at 16 ◦ C to 170.7 ± 4.6 h at 34 ◦ C. The intrapuparial morphological changes of S. peregrina can be divided into 12 sub-stages. While some structures such as the compound eyes, mouthparts, antennae, thorax, legs, wings, and abdomen can be used individually to estimate intrapuparial age, we observed all these structures with local magnification photographs and classified the developmental process of these structures into 6–11 stages. The time range for the appearance of each sub-stage or structure was recorded in detail. The results of this study provide important basic data for estimating the minimum postmortem interval using the intrapuparial morphology of S. peregrina.

White-light crosslinkable milk protein bioadhesive with ultrafast gelation for first-aid wound treatment

Zhu Qinchao,Zhou Xuhao,Zhang Yanan,Ye Di,Yu Kang,Cao Wangbei,Zhang Liwen,Zheng Houwei,Sun Ziyang,Guo Chengchen,Hong Xiaoqian,Zhu Yang,Zhang Yajun,Xiao Ying,Valencak Teresa G.,Ren Tanchen,Ren Daxi 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background : Post-traumatic massive hemorrhage demands immediately available first-aid supplies with reduced operation time and good surgical compliance. In-situ crosslinking gels that are flexibly adapting to the wound shape have a promising potential, but it is still hard to achieve fast gelation, on-demand adhesion, and wide feasibility at the same time. Methods : A white-light crosslinkable natural milk-derived casein hydrogel bioadhesive is presented for the first time. Benefiting from abundant tyrosine residues, casein hydrogel bioadhesive was synthesized by forming di-tyrosine bonds under white light with a ruthenium-based catalyst. We firstly optimized the concentration of proteins and initiators to achieve faster gelation and higher mechanical strength. Then, we examined the degradation, cytotoxicity, tissue adhesion, hemostasis, and wound healing ability of the casein hydrogels to study their potential to be used as bioadhesives. Result : Rapid gelation of casein hydrogel is initiated with an outdoor flashlight, a cellphone flashlight, or an endoscopy lamp, which facilitates its usage during first-aid and minimally invasive operations. The rapid gelation enables 3D printing of the casein hydrogel and excellent hemostasis even during liver hemorrhage due to section injury. The covalent binding between casein and tissue enables robust adhesion which can withstand more than 180 mmHg blood pressure. Moreover, the casein-based hydrogel can facilitate post-traumatic wound healing caused by trauma due to its biocompatibility. Conclusion : Casein-based bioadhesives developed in this study pave a way for broad and practical application in emergency wound management.

Nest-like Ag-doped NiMoO4/NF with rich oxygen vacancies as robust catalysts for highly efficient oxygen evolution

Jianzhi Wang,Yu Luo,Tong Xu,Ziyi Guo,Guopeng Chen,Yuchen Ren,Yanan Xue,Ning Cai,Hui Li,Faquan Yu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.118 No.-

The development of low-cost and highly efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER)with good conductivity, high specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies is of great significancefor the future renewable energy conversion and storage system. Herein, Ag doped NiMoO4 materials onthe Ni foam (NiMoO4/Ag/NF) with rich oxygen vacancies were successfully prepared by hydrothermalstrategy and layer by layer assembly method. The Ag ions are doped in-situ to promote electron transferand compensate for the poor conductivity of metal oxides. The suitable air annealing treatment is used tocreate rich oxygen vacancies. The high specific surface area and one-dimensional characteristics of thecross mesoporous nanorod skeleton are responsible for the increased exposure of active centers andthe rapid charge transfer behavior. The NiMoO4/Ag/NF exhibits high activity for OER in alkaline solution(an overpotential of 275 mV at the current density of 20 mA cm2) and low Tafel slope (53.67 mV dec1),and a satisfying durability in 1.0 M KOH. This study provides an effective method for the preparation ofAg doped one-dimensional nanomaterials with excellent OER catalytic performance and electrochemicalstability.