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( Cai-yun Wang ),( Li-cheng Liu ),( Ying-cai Wu ),( Yi-xuan Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.8
The transcriptional capacities of target genes are strongly influenced by promoters, whereas few studies have focused on the development of robust, high-performance and cross-species promoters for wide application in different bacteria. In this work, four novel promoters (P<sub>k.r</sub>tufB, P<sub>k.r</sub>1, P<sub>k.r</sub>2, and P<sub>k.r</sub>3) were predicted from Ketogulonicigenium robustum and their inconsistency in the -10 and -35 region nucleotide sequences indicated they were different promoters. Their activities were evaluated by using green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a reporter in different species of bacteria, including K. vulgare SPU B805, Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222, Bacillus licheniformis and Raoultella ornithinolytica, due to their importance in metabolic engineering. Our results showed that the four promoters had different activities, with P<sub>k.r</sub>1 showing the strongest activity in almost all of the experimental bacteria. By comparison with the commonly used promoters of E. coli (tufB, lac, lacUV5), K. vulgare (Psdh, Psndh) and P. putida KT2440 (JE111411), the four promoters showed significant differences due to only 12.62% nucleotide similarities, and relatively higher ability in regulating target gene expression. Further validation experiments confirmed their ability in initiating the target minCD cassette because of the shape changes under the promoter regulation. The overexpression of sorbose dehydrogenase and cytochrome c551 by P<sub>k.r</sub>1 and P<sub>k.r</sub>2 resulted in a 22.75% enhancement of 2-KGA yield, indicating their potential for practical application in metabolic engineering. This study demonstrates an example of applying bioinformatics to find new biological components for gene operation and provides four novel promoters with broad suitability, which enriches the usable range of promoters to realize accurate regulation in different genetic backgrounds.
Light and Temperature Effects on the Color and Scent of Osmanthus fragrans ‘Houban Yingui’
Xuan Cai,Jie Yang,Xiangling Zeng,Jing-Jing Zou 한국원예학회 2022 원예과학기술지 Vol.40 No.6
External environmental factors affect the appearance of plants, specifically their color and aroma. To investigate the effects of environmental factors on the ornamental quality of Osmanthus fragrans, which has bright colors and a strong floral fragrance, the contents of characteristic flower color and aroma compounds under different light and temperature treatments were investigated in O. fragrans ‘Houban Yingui’. The content of the characteristic color compound β-carotene decreased after continuous light treatment and increased after continuous dark treatment, resulting in a paler color under light conditions and a deeper color under dark conditions. The volatiles of the flowers significantly decreased under both continuous light and continuous dark treatments, suggesting that the rhythm of alternating day and night may be more conducive to the synthesis and release of volatiles. In a low-temperature treatment, the contents of β-carotene decreased, resulting in a brighter color, while a high temperature may affect the flower color appearance by oxidation of phenolic compounds in addition to pigments. A high temperature accelerated flower senescence and promoted the release of cis-3-hexenyl butanoate and hexyl butanoate. A low temperature increased the release of trans-β-ionone, α-ionone, and many monoterpenes and corresponding oxides, which are aroma-active compounds of O. fragrans, resulting in a longer-lasting floral fragrance. The results here demonstrate that controlling the environmental conditions of the tem- perature and light can regulate the color and scent of O. fragrans.
A coupled wind-vehicle-bridge system and its applications: a review
Cai, C.S.,Hu, Jiexuan,Chen, Suren,Han, Yan,Zhang, Wei,Kong, Xuan Techno-Press 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.20 No.2
The performance of bridges under strong wind and traffic is of great importance to set the traveling speed limit or to make operational decisions for severe weather, such as controlling traffic or even closing the bridge. Meanwhile, the vehicle's safety is highly concerned when it is running on bridges or highways under strong wind. During the past two decades, researchers have made significant contributions to the simulation of the wind-vehicle-bridge system and their interactive effects. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the overall performance of the bridge and traffic system under strong wind, including bridge structures and vehicles, and the associated mitigation efforts.
Cai-Yi Wen,Shun-Shan Shen,Zhi-Gang Yin,Kai-Xuan Wang,Jian-Guang Chen 한국식물병리학회 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.4
Bacillus subtilis EBS05, an endophytic bacteria strain isolated from a medicinal plant Cinnamomum camphor,can produce antagonistic compounds that effectively inhibit plant pathogenic fungi. The greenhouse experiments showed that wheat sharp eyespot disease (WSED)was reduced by 91.2%, 88.2% and 43.0% after the treatment with fermentation broth, bacteria-free filter and a fungicide fludioxonil, respectively. The culture broth of strain EBS05 can more effectively control WSED than can fludioxonil. The fermentation broth and bacteria-free filter ability to suppress WSED was not significantly different, suggesting that an active secreted substance played a major role in controlling WSED. Separation and purification of the active compounds was carried out by serial processes, including hydrochloric acid (pH 2.0) treatment, methanol extraction and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,silica gel column chromatography and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The purified compounds, one of active peaks in the HPLC spectrum, were obtained from the collection. Analysis of the chemical structures by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) showed that the active substances produced by the endophytic bacteria EBS05 are mixture of the β-hydroxy-C12~C15-Leu^7 surfactin A isomers with 1035.65Da, 1021.64 Da, 1007.63 Da and 993.65 Da molecular weights, respectively.
Cai, Jun-Hong,Fu, Sheng-Miao,Tu, Zhi-Hua,Deng, Li-Qun,Liang, Zhu,Chen, Xin-Ping,Gong, Xuan-Ju,Wan, Li-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prognosis and protein and mRNA expression of an apoptotic inhibitor gene, survivin, in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Furthermore, functions of the survivin gene in the CNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line were assessed. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used in detecting the survivin protein and mRNA in 44 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specimens, and 30 chronic nasopharyngitis samples as controls. Survivin gene expression in CNE2 cell line was suppressed with an shRNA (short hairpin RNA). The positive ratios of expression for survivin protein and mRNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 79.5% and 75.0% respectively, obviously higher than in the control group (p<0.01), and there is very good consistency between the two methods. The mean survival time of patients with higher survivin protein or mRNA expression was shorter than in patients with lower levelsv(p<0.01). Proliferation of the CNE2 cell line was distinctly inhibited by the shRNA. The results indicate that overexpression of the survivin gene plays an important role in onset and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and it may be helpful for prognostic appraisal.
One-pot synthesis of lactic acid from cellulose over a sulfonated Sn-KIT6 catalyst
Weijie Cai,Qing Chen,Hao Xuan,Congming Li,Hao Yu,Li Cui,Zhihui Yu,Shaoyin Zhang,Fengzuo Qu 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.4
A sulfonated Sn-doped KIT-6 catalyst (Sn-KIT-6-Pr-SO3H) was successfully prepared via the hydrothermal self-assembly method, and its performance towards to value-added lactic acid production from one-pot conversion of renewable cellulose was investigated. Indeed, the physicochemical features of the as-prepared catalysts were deeply characterized by various techniques, including XRD, BET, SEM, FT-IR, XPS, UV-vis and TGA-DSC. The results confirmed its high BET surface area with an ultrahigh cross-linked framework and promising acid strength (co-existence of Brønsted and Lewis acidity). Additionally, the impact of different reaction factors, such as the type of catalysts, temperature, time, recyclability on cellulose conversion and the yield of targeted lactic acid, were determined. Meanwhile, the developed catalyst depicted the promising activity and stability under the optimal reaction conditions. It could be recycled at least four times without any obvious deactivation. This provides insight into developing efficient catalytic systems to convert renewable biomass into value-added chemicals.
Xiao-Xuan Zhang,Jing Jiang,Ya-Nan Cai,Chun-Feng Wang,Peng Xu,Gui-Lian Yang,Quan Zhao 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.1
A study of 426 rabbits from 3 cities in Jilin province (Changchun City and Jilin City) and Liaoning province (Shenyang City) was conducted between May and June 2015. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in rabbits was 0.94% (4/426), with 0% (0/116), 1.72% (3/174), and 0.74% (1/136) in Jilin, Changchun, and Shenyang City, respectively. Only 3 farms (farm 1 and farm 3 in Changchun City, farm 8 in Shenyang City) were PCR-positive for E. bieneusi. Moreover, rabbits of more than 6 months (1.72%) had the highest E. bieneusi prevalence, followed by rabbits of 4-6 months (1.26%), 2-3 months (0.58%), and less than 1 month (0%). Analysis of ITS gene of E. bieneusi suggested that all 4 E. bieneusi isolates were genotype D, and were classified as group 1a. The present results first demonstrated the existence of zoonotic E. bieneusi in domestic rabbits in China. Effective control measures should be implemented to prevent E. bieneusi infection in domestic rabbits, other animals, and humans.
Wen, Cai-Yi,Yin, Zhi-Gang,Wang, Kai-Xuan,Chen, Jian-Guang,Shen, Shun-Shan The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.4
Bacillus subtilis EBS05, an endophytic bacteria strain isolated from a medicinal plant Cinnamomum camphor, can produce antagonistic compounds that effectively inhibit plant pathogenic fungi. The greenhouse experiments showed that wheat sharp eyespot disease (WSED) was reduced by 91.2%, 88.2% and 43.0% after the treatment with fermentation broth, bacteria-free filter and a fungicide fludioxonil, respectively. The culture broth of strain EBS05 can more effectively control WSED than can fludioxonil. The fermentation broth and bacteria-free filter ability to suppress WSED was not significantly different, suggesting that an active secreted substance played a major role in controlling WSED. Separation and purification of the active compounds was carried out by serial processes, including hydrochloric acid (pH 2.0) treatment, methanol extraction and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The purified compounds, one of active peaks in the HPLC spectrum, were obtained from the collection. Analysis of the chemical structures by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) showed that the active substances produced by the endophytic bacteria EBS05 are mixture of the ${\beta}$-hydroxy-C12~C15-$Leu^7$ surfactin A isomers with 1035.65 Da, 1021.64 Da, 1007.63 Da and 993.65 Da molecular weights, respectively.