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Xinjie Gao,Heng Yang,Weiping Xiao,Jiabin Su,Yuwen Zhang,He Wang,Wei Ni,Yuxiang Gu 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Background: Despite limited efficiency, modulation of microglia/macrophages has shown to attenuate neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this context, we evaluated the efficacy of modified exosomal signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) variants (SIRPα-v Exos) in microglia/macrophages and neuroinflammation-associated white matter injury after ICH. Methods: SIRPα-v Exos were engineered to block CD47-SIRPα interactions. After obtaining SIRPα-v Exos from lentivirus-infected mesenchymal stem cells, C57BL/6 mice suffering from ICH underwent consecutive intravenous injections of SIRPα-v Exos (6 mg/kg) for 14 days. Afterwards, the volume of hematoma and neurological dysfunctions were assessed in mice continuously until 35 days after ICH. In addition, demyelination, electrophysiology and neuroinflammation were evaluated. Furthermore, the mechanisms of microglial regulation by SIRPα-v Exos were investigated in vitro under coculture conditions. Results: The results demonstrated that the clearance of hematoma in mice suffering from ICH was accelerated after SIRPα-v Exo treatment. SIRPα-v Exos improved long-term neurological dysfunction by ameliorating white matter injury. In addition, SIRPα-v Exos recruited regulatory T cells (Tregs) to promote M2 polarization of microglia/macrophages in the peri-hematoma tissue. In vitro experiments further showed that SIRPα-v Exos regulated primary microglia in a direct and indirect manner in synergy with Tregs. Conclusion: Our studies revealed that SIRPα-v Exos could accelerate the clearance of hematoma and ameliorate secondary white matter injury after ICH through regulation of microglia/macrophages. SIRPα-v Exos may become a promising treatment for ICH in clinical practice.
Zhenhao Xu,Xintong Wang,Shucai Li,Bin Gao,Shaoshuai Shi,Xinji Xu 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.6
Water inrush is a serious geological hazard in the deep buried tunnel construction in karst areas. Lining and grouting ring are often built to prevent tunnel from water inrush. The estimation of external water pressure and water inflow is of great significance to the structure design of lining and grouting ring. In this paper, the axisymmetric analytic solutions of external water pressure and water inflow were derived for deep karst tunnels under saturated steady-state flow conditions. A simplified formula for the reduction coefficient of external water pressure was established. This paper analyzed the changing rule of water inflow coefficient and the reduction coefficient of external hydraulic pressure on linings, which varies with the parameters of lining and grouting circle. The rational and available coefficients of grouting circle in karst deep buried tunnel construction are drawn: the grouting ring thickness is 6 m and the hydraulic conductivity ratio of surrounding rock and lining is 100. In addition, the accuracy of the simplified formula was verified by the comparison of analytical solution and numerical analysis. This study provides a reliable calculation method for water inflow and lining water pressure of the deep buried tunnel and have certain reference value for the structural design of deep buried tunnel to reduce water inflow and ensure construction safety.