Composting and trickling filter for treatment of olive mill waste

Li, Xinhua,Lin, Ching-Chieh,Sweeney, Daniel,Earl, Jessica,Hong, Andy Techno-Press 2013 Advances in environmental research Vol.2 No.2

Agricultural practice and improper waste disposal in developing regions have resulted in environmental degradation in land and waters, for which low-cost, proven solutions are needed. We demonstrate in the laboratory the applications of composting and trickling filter techniques to treat olive mill wastes that can be implemented in the West Bank and other regions of the world. To a pomace waste sample from a California mill, we amended with saw dust (wood carbon source) and baking soda ($NaHCO_3$ alkalinity) at weight ratios of waste/wood/$NaHCO_3$ at 70:27:1 and composted it for periods of 11 and 48 days; the compost was used as an additive to potting soil for transplanting. The pomace sample was also blended into slurry and introduced to a water-circulating pond and trickling filter system (P/TF) to examine any inhibitive effect of the pomace on biological removal of the organic waste. The results showed the compost-amended potting soil supported plant growth without noticeable stress over 34 days and the P/TF system removed BOD and COD by >90% from the waste liquid within 2 days, with a first-order rate constant of 1.9 $d^{-1}$ in the pond. An onsite treatment design is proposed that promises implementation for agricultural waste disposal in developing regions.

Image Mosaic based on Cloud Model Cellular Automata

Li Xinhua 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.6

Enrichment of Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathway Constituents Mutually Contributes to CDDP Resistance in Human Osteosarcoma

Zhengbo Hu,Lugen Li,Wenxing Lan,Xiao Wei,Xiangyuan Wen,Penghuan Wu,Xianliao Zhang,Xinhua Xi,Yufa Li,Liqi Wu,Wenhu Li,Xiaohong Liao 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.1

Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) universally exhibits heterogeneity and cisplatin (CDDP) resistance. Although the Wee1/CDC2 and nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) pathways were reported to show abnormal activation in some tumor cells with CDDP resistance, whether there is any concrete connection is currently unclear. We explored it in human OS cells. Materials and Methods Multiple OS cell lines were exposed to a Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775) and CDDP to assess the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence, cell cycle, and Cell Counting Kit-8assays were performed to explore the connection between the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their subsequent physiological contribution to CDDP resistance. Finally, CDDP-resistant PDX-OS xenograft models were established to confirm that AZD1775 restores the antitumor effects of CDDP. Results A sensitivity hierarchy of OS cells to CDDP and AZD1775 exists. In the highly CDDP-tolerant cell lines, Wee1 and RelA were physically crosslinked, which resulted in increased abundance of phosphorylated CDC2 (Y15) and RelA (S536) and consequent modulation of cell cycle progression, survival, and proliferation. Wee1 inhibition restored the effects of CDDP on these processes in CDDP-resistant OS cells. In addition, animal experiments with CDDP-resistant PDX-OS cells showed that AZD1775 combined with CDDP not only restored CDDP efficacy but also amplified AZD1775 in inhibiting tumor growth and prolonged the median survival of the mice. Conclusion Simultaneous enrichment of molecules in the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their consequent coactivation is a new molecular mechanism of CDDP resistance in OS cells. OS with this molecular signature may respond well to Wee1 inhibition as an alternative treatment strategy. Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) universally exhibits heterogeneity and cisplatin (CDDP) resistance. Although the Wee1/CDC2 and nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) pathways were reported to show abnormal activation in some tumor cells with CDDP resistance, whether there is any concrete connection is currently unclear. We explored it in human OS cells.Materials and Methods Multiple OS cell lines were exposed to a Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775) and CDDP to assess the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence, cell cycle, and Cell Counting Kit-8assays were performed to explore the connection between the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their subsequent physiological contribution to CDDP resistance. Finally, CDDP-resistant PDX-OS xenograft models were established to confirm that AZD1775 restores the antitumor effects of CDDP.Results A sensitivity hierarchy of OS cells to CDDP and AZD1775 exists. In the highly CDDP-tolerant cell lines, Wee1 and RelA were physically crosslinked, which resulted in increased abundance of phosphorylated CDC2 (Y15) and RelA (S536) and consequent modulation of cell cycle progression, survival, and proliferation. Wee1 inhibition restored the effects of CDDP on these processes in CDDP-resistant OS cells. In addition, animal experiments with CDDP-resistant PDX-OS cells showed that AZD1775 combined with CDDP not only restored CDDP efficacy but also amplified AZD1775 in inhibiting tumor growth and prolonged the median survival of the mice.Conclusion Simultaneous enrichment of molecules in the Wee1/CDC2 and NF-κB pathways and their consequent coactivation is a new molecular mechanism of CDDP resistance in OS cells. OS with this molecular signature may respond well to Wee1 inhibition as an alternative treatment strategy.

Secondary teachers’ conceptions of integrated writing skills: Are teachers’ conceptions aligned with the curriculum objectives

Li Guan Ying,Zhu Xinhua,Cheong Choo Mui 서울대학교 교육연구소 2020 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.21 No.3

Integrated writing skills that emphasize integrated use of language skills and multiple source materials have attracted increasing attention in language education globally and locally in Hong Kong. This study examines teachers’ conceptions of integrated writing skills and interviewed twenty-five Chinese language teachers. Three conceptions emerged from the data, representing writing as a composite of disconnected parts (Category1), a logical inquiry (Category 2), and a developmental process (Category 3). As the categories move up, the alignment between teachers’ conceptions and the curriculum objectives increases accordingly, with the purpose of writing instruction ranging from fulfilling examination requirements, enhancing reasoning skills, to developing integrated use of language skills. The findings also reveal that although the development of integrated writing skills has been a critical component of the Chinese language curriculum since the first public examination in 2007, teachers’ receptivity toward it still varied greatly. Insufficient professional training, the legitimacy of integrated writing as a curriculum component, and the fossilization of the public examination were the factors that accounted for the differing attitudes among the teachers. The discourse of integrated writing in the Hong Kong context has been centered around high-stakes testing. The unbalanced discourse resulted in an oversimplified view that conflated the teaching and learning of integrated writing with integrated writing assessment. The study contributes to the conversation between integrated writing curriculum, instruction, and assessment. Implications for teacher professional development are discussed.

A Novel Bacterial Cellulose Aerogel Modified with PGMA via ARGET ATRP Method for Catalase Immobilization

Xinhua Liu,Hongliang Zheng,Yong Li,Liping Wang,Cuie Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.3

Formation of Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate) (PGMA) films on bacterial cellulose (BC) supports (aerogels) wasachieved via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP). Epoxygroups on PGMA were used for covalent coupling with catalase. Immobilized catalases on BC@PGMA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Typical scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The immobilized catalase amount reached a high value of 116 mg/g. Furthermore, the thermal, pH and storage stabilities of the immobilized catalase were improved significantly. After 10 use cycles, the BC@PGMA-catalase still retained approximately 63.5 % of the initial activity. This work demonstrates the potential of hierarchical nanomaterials for improving enzyme performance, leveraging the benefits of both nano- and macroscale supports. These results demonstrate that the BC@PGMA-catalase has high stability and good reusability, suggesting that the BC aerogel modified with PGMA may find applications in biotechnology and as biocatalyst.

Study on the removal of chromium(III) from leather waste by a two-step method

Li Wang,Jun Liu,Yang Jin,Ming Chen,JianHong Luo,Xinhua Zhu,Yuqiang Zhang 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.79 No.-

The removal of chromium(III) from leather solid waste was carried out by two steps: the leaching stepand the ion exchange step. Orthogonal method was applied to the leaching process with H2SO4 asleaching agent and the leaching rate was nearly 100%. The adsorption and desorption of Cr3+ with 732#cation exchange resins were investigated in the ion exchange process. The effects of the resin types,temperature, rotating speed, liquid-solid ratio, initial Cr3+ concentration and time were investigated andthe optimum conditions were as follows: 732#, 333 K, 120 r/min, 20 ml/g, 280 ppm and 5 h. The removalefficiency of Cr3+ from leather hydrolysate was over 95% under optimized conditions. The desorptionefficiency of Cr3+ from loaded resins was almost 99% by three times cross-flow with Na2SO4 solution. There-adsorption of Cr3+ could achieve 95% by regenerated resins. The adsorption isotherms, kinetics andthermodynamics of Cr3+ onto 732# resins were investigated. The adsorption process appeared to followLangmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 4H0 = 33,816.03 kJ/mol and4S0 = 141.35 J/(mol K) were calculated. The two-step method was proved to be a sustainable andeconomic method for separating chromium from leather waste.

Real Scene Text Image Super-Resolution Based on Multi-Scale and Attention Fusion

Xinhua Lu,Haihai Wei,Li Ma,Qingji Xue,Yonghui Fu 한국정보처리학회 2023 Journal of information processing systems Vol.19 No.4

Plenty of works have indicated that single image super-resolution (SISR) models relying on synthetic datasetsare difficult to be applied to real scene text image super-resolution (STISR) for its more complex degradation. The up-to-date dataset for realistic STISR is called TextZoom, while the current methods trained on this datasethave not considered the effect of multi-scale features of text images. In this paper, a multi-scale and attentionfusion model for realistic STISR is proposed. The multi-scale learning mechanism is introduced to acquiresophisticated feature representations of text images; The spatial and channel attentions are introduced to capturethe local information and inter-channel interaction information of text images; At last, this paper designs amulti-scale residual attention module by skillfully fusing multi-scale learning and attention mechanisms. Theexperiments on TextZoom demonstrate that the model proposed increases scene text recognition’s (ASTER)average recognition accuracy by 1.2% compared to text super-resolution network.

Two new meroterpenoids produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. SXH-65

Xinhua Sun,Xianglan Kong,Huquan Gao,Tianjiao Zhu,Guangwei Wu,Qianqun Gu,Dehai Li 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.8

Two new meroterpenoids, arisugacins I (1) andJ (2), together with five known meroterpenoids includingarisugacin B (3), arisugacin F (4), arisugacin G (5), territremB (6) and territrem C (7) were isolated from anendophytic fungus Penicillium sp. SXH-65. Their structureswere determined by extensive spectroscopic experimentsand comparison with literature data. Theircytotoxicities were evaluated against Hela, HL-60 andK562 cell lines, and only 3 and 4 exhibited weak cytotoxicitiesagainst Hela, HL-60 and K562 cell lines withIC50 values ranging from 24 to 60 lM.

Study of Effects of Complex Aerobatics on Serum Insulin, Cortisol and Angiotensin II

Li Minggao,Qin Shezhen,Ma Guixi,Xu Langen,Zhang Xinhua 한국항공우주의학협회 1993 항공우주의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

복합적 재난재해 대응체계에 필요한 자동화 시나리오 개발

김신화(Xinhua Jin),리국화(Guohua Li),서영욱(Rongxu Xu),임상범(Sang Boem Lim) 대한공간정보학회 2016 한국지형공간정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.05