EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON A NOVEL DEFROST CYCLE FOR AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

XIAN-MIN GUO,YA-JING WANG,WEN-CHENG FU,XIANG-CHENG TAO 대한설비공학회 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.1

On the basis of the hot-gas bypass defrost cycle, a new defrost method for air source heat pump is proposed. In the new defrost cycle, the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into two parts which are connected by a capillary tube. The front and rear parts of the heat exchanger are used as the evaporator and condenser respectively during defrosting, and can be defrosted orderly by using the four-way valve. The defrosting performance of the new cycle is investigated experimentally and the results are compared with that of the reverse-cycle defrost system. The experimental results indicate that the energy is used more e±ciently in the new defrost cycle, therefore, the defrosting duration and losses are less than those of the reverse-cycle defrost system. Moreover, it does not extract heat from the indoor space during defrosting in terms of the new defrost cycle. Compared with the reverse-cycle defrost system, it is found that the switching times of the fourway valve in the new defrost system are the same, and the fluctuation of the discharge and suction pressures during the defrosting is much less than that in the reverse-cycle defrosting, hence, the mechanical impact on the system is much less.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON A NOVEL DEFROST CYCLE FOR AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

Guo, Xian-Min,Wang, Ya-Jing,Fu, Wen-Cheng,Tao, Xiang-Cheng The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.1

On the basis of the hot-gas bypass defrost cycle, a new defrost method for air source heat pump is proposed. In the new defrost cycle, the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into two parts which are connected by a capillary tube. The front and rear parts of the heat exchanger are used as the evaporator and condenser respectively during defrosting, and can be defrosted orderly by using the four-way valve. The defrosting performance of the new cycle is investigated experimentally and the results are compared with that of the reverse-cycle defrost system. The experimental results indicate that the energy is used more efficiently in the new defrost cycle, therefore, the defrosting duration and losses are less than those of the reverse-cycle defrost system. Moreover, it does not extract heat from the indoor space during defrosting in terms of the new defrost cycle. Compared with the reverse-cycle defrost system, it is found that the switching times of the four-way valve in the new defrost system are the same, and the fluctuation of the discharge and suction pressures during the defrosting is much less than that in the reverse-cycle defrosting, hence, the mechanical impact on the system is much less.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Yak Follicular Fluid during Estrus

Guo, Xian,Pei, Jie,Ding, Xuezhi,Chu, Min,Bao, Pengjia,Wu, Xiaoyun,Liang, Chunnian,Yan, Ping Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.9

The breeding of yaks is highly seasonal, there are many crucial proteins involved in the reproduction control program, especially in follicular development. In order to isolate differential proteins between mature and immature follicular fluid (FF) of yak, the FF from yak follicles with different sizes were sampled respectively, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) of the proteins was carried out. After silver staining, the Image Master 2D platinum software was used for protein analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was performed for differential protein identification. The expression level of transferrin and enolase superfamily member 1 (ENOSF1) was determined by Western blotting for verification analysis. The results showed that 2-DE obtained an electrophoresis map of proteins from mature and immature yak FF with high resolution and repeatability. A comparison of protein profiles identified 12 differently expressed proteins, out of which 10 of them were upregulated while 2 were downregulated. Western blotting showed that the expression of transferrin and ENOSF1 was enhanced with follicular development. Both the obtained protein profiles and the differently expressed proteins identified in this study provided experimental data related to follicular development during yak breeding seasons. This study also laid the foundation for understanding the microenvironment during oocyte development.

Association between Diet and Lifestyle Habits and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

( Yu Bin Guo ),( Kang Min Zhuang ),( Lei Kuang ),( Qiang Zhan ),( Xian Fei Wang ),( Si De Liu ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent papers have highlighted the role of diet and lifestyle habits in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but very few population-based studies have evaluated this association in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between diet and lifestyle habits and IBS. Methods: A food frequency and lifestyle habits questionnaire was used to record the diet and lifestyle habits of 78 IBS subjects and 79 healthy subjects. Cross-tabulation analysis and logistic regression were used to reveal any association among lifestyle habits, eating habits, food consumption frequency, and other associated conditions. Results: The results from logistic regression analysis indicated that IBS was associated with irregular eating (odds ratio [OR], 3.257), physical inactivity (OR, 3.588), and good quality sleep (OR, 0.132). IBS subjects ate fruit (OR, 3.082) vegetables (OR, 3.778), and legumes (OR, 2.111) and drank tea (OR, 2.221) significantly more frequently than the control subjects. After adjusting for age and sex, irregular eating (OR, 3.963), physical inactivity (OR, 6.297), eating vegetables (OR, 7.904), legumes (OR, 2.674), drinking tea (OR, 3.421) and good quality sleep (OR, 0.054) were independent predictors of IBS. Conclusions: This study reveals a possible association between diet and lifestyle habits and IBS. (Gut Liver 2015;9:649-656)

Study on Economized Vapor Injection Heat Pump System Using Refrigerant R32

Yaoguang Shi,XIAN-MIN GUO,Xinyu Zhang 대한설비공학회 2016 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.24 No.1

The refrigerant R32 is considered as a potential alternative refrigerant of R410A because of its low global warming potential (GWP) and the basic thermodynamic parameters. It can e®ectively improve the heating e±ciency and reduce the discharge temperature of the compressor to use the economized vapor injection (EVI) refrigeration system. In this paper, the performance of the EVI heat pump system using refrigerant R32 is investigated experimentally under the conditions of the evaporating temperature ranged from 2C to 15C. The experimental results indicate that the injection ratio, heat capacity and power consumption of the EVI heat pump system increase with the injection pressure. The maximum injection ratio of the EVI heat pump system is about 33% under the evaporating temperature of 15C. For the EVI heat pump system, the system COP achieves the maximum value as the injection pressure ranges from 1.48 MPa to 1.54 MPa when the evaporating temperature is lower than 6C. The discharge temperature of the EVI heat pump system drops by 11C under the evaporating temperature of 15C. As the evaporating temperature is below 6C, the COP of the EVI heat pump system is higher than that of the traditional single stage heat pump.

Modeling techniques for active shape and vibration control of macro-fiber composite laminated structures

Shun-Qi Zhang,Min Chen,Guo-Zhong Zhao,Zhan-Xi Wang,Rüdiger Schmidt,Xian-Sheng Qin 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.6

The complexity of macro-fiber composite (MFC) materials increasing the difficulty in simulation and analysis of MFC integrated structures. To give an accurate prediction of MFC bonded smart structures for the simulation of shape and vibration control, the paper develops a linear electro-mechanically coupled static and dynamic finite element (FE) models based on the first-order shear deformation (FOSD) hypothesis. Two different types of MFCs are modeled and analyzed, namely MFC-d31 and MFC-d33, in which the former one is dominated by the d31 effect, while the latter one by the d33 effect. The present model is first applied to an MFC-d33 bonded composite plate, and then is used to analyze both active shape and vibration control for MFC-d31/-d33 bonded plate with various piezoelectric fiber orientations.

Separation of arenols from a low-temperature coal tar by liquid-liquid extraction

Hua-Shuai Gao,Zhi-Min Zong,Zheng Yang,Dao-Guang Teng,Xiu-Hua Sun,Li Yan,Xian-Yong Wei,Qing-Jie Guo,Tian-Sheng Zhao,Hong-Cun Bai 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.5

Low-temperature coal tar (LTCT) is a sticky liquid mixture produced mainly from coal pyrolysis, which contains various value-added chemicals (VACs). Liquid-liquid extraction is considered as one of the green and effective ways to explore the organic composition and separate the VACs from LTCT. Herein, petroleum ether, methanol, and carbon disulfide were used to extract arenols from a LTCT. As a result, the relative content and absolute content of arenols extracted from the LTCT are ca. 96.3% and 85.9%, respectively. Among them, p-cresol is predominant, accounting for 22.2%. The isolated contents of arenols are up to 84.6%. Moreover, a kilogram-scale operation was carried out under the same conditions, which offers a potential application in industrial production.

Vibration Frequency Adaptive Control of the Flexible Sampling Robot based on ANFIS

Wei Lu,Yun Ling,Ai-guo Song,Wei-min Ding,Xian-lin Zhao,Hong Zeng 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.7 No.3

Protein-protein Interaction Network Analyses for Elucidating the Roles of LOXL2-delta72 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Wu, Bing-Li,Zou, Hai-Ying,Lv, Guo-Qing,Du, Ze-Peng,Wu, Jian-Yi,Zhang, Pi-Xian,Xu, Li-Yan,Li, En-Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), a member of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, is a copper-dependent enzyme that catalyzes oxidative deamination of lysine residues on protein substrates. LOXL2 was found to be overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in our previous research. We later identified a LOXL2 splicing variant LOXL2-delta72 and we overexpressed LOXL2-delta72 and its wild type counterpart in ESCC cells following microarray analyses. First, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of LOXL2 and LOXL2-delta72 compared to empty plasmid were applied to generate protein-protein interaction (PPI) sub-networks. Comparison of these two sub-networks showed hundreds of different proteins. To reveal the potential specific roles of LOXL2- delta72 compared to its wild type, the DEGs of LOXL2-delta72 vs LOXL2 were also applied to construct a PPI sub-network which was annotated by Gene Ontology. The functional annotation map indicated the third PPI sub-network involved hundreds of GO terms, such as "cell cycle arrest", "G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle", "interphase", "cell-matrix adhesion" and "cell-substrate adhesion", as well as significant "immunity" related terms, such as "innate immune response", "regulation of defense response" and "Toll signaling pathway". These results provide important clues for experimental identification of the specific biological roles and molecular mechanisms of LOXL2-delta72. This study also provided a work flow to test the different roles of a splicing variant with high-throughput data.

Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify the hub genes related to hypoxic adaptation in yak (Bos grunniens)

Bao Qi,Zhang Xiaolan,Bao Pengjia,Liang Chunnian,Guo Xian,Chu Min,Yan Ping 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.10

Background As a mammal living at the highest altitude in the world, the yak has strong adaptability to the harsh natural environment (such as low temperature, scarce food, especially low oxygen) of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) after a long process of natural selection. Objective Here, we used Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA), a systematic biology method, to identify hypoxic adaptation-related modules and hub genes. The research of the adaptability of yak against hypoxia is of great signifcance to identify the genetic characteristics and yak breeding. Methods Based on the transcriptome sequencing data (PRJNA362606), the R package DESeq2 and WGCNA were conducted to analyze diferentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct the gene co-expression network. The module hub genes were identifed and characterized by the correlation of gene and trait, module membership (kME). In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to explore the functions of hub genes. Results Our results revealed that 1098, 1429, and 1645 DEGs were identifed in muscle, spleen, and lung, respectively. Besides, a total of 13 gene co-expression modules were detected, of which two hypoxic adaptation-related modules (saddlebrown and turquoise) were found. We identifed 39 and 150 hub genes in these two modules. Functional enrichment analyses showed that 12 GO terms and 18 KEGG pathways were enriched in the saddlebrown module while 85 GO terms and 22 KEGG pathways were enriched in the turquoise module. The signifcant pathways related to hypoxia adaptation include FoxO signaling pathway, Thermogenesis pathway, and Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway, etc. Conclusions In this study, we obtained two hypoxia-related specifc modules and identifed hub genes based on the connectivity by constructing a weighted gene co-expression network. Function enrichment analysis of two modules revealed mitochondrion is the most important organelle for hypoxia adaptation. Moreover, the insulin-related pathways and thermogenic-related pathways played a major role. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for further understanding the molecular mechanism of yak adaptation to hypoxia.