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Sadowski, Bartłomiej,Su, Shih-Hao,Lin, Ta-Chun,Lohrey, Trevor D.,Deperasix144,ska, Irena,Chou, Pi-Tai,Gryko, Daniel T. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.6 No.45
<P>Despite being highly emissive in solution, aggregation of dipyrrolonaphthyridinedione (DPND) molecules typically results in the quenching of fluorescence. DPNDs can be efficiently converted into π-extended derivatives containing rotatable aryl rings <I>via</I> a direct arylation methodology. The presence of phenyl substituents at positions 3 and 9 of the DPND core is sufficient to cause moderate fluorescence in the solid state. When tetraphenylethylene moieties, typical aggregation induced emitters, are coupled through biaryl linkages in these same positions, a 50 nm shift in absorption and almost 120 nm shift in fluorescence compared to the parent DPND is observed. The radiative S1 → S0 transitions have large oscillator strengths regardless of whether phenyls or tetraphenylethylene groups are coupled to DPND and strong orange or red emission in solution is observed. Vibrations involving these substituents play an important role in the dissipation of the electronic excitation energy. X-ray crystallographic studies revealed that although the distance between DPND cores is strikingly larger in bis(TPE)2DPND compared to that in diphenylDPND, their photophysical properties in the solid state are very similar. Computational studies have also shown that, in contrast to our experimental results, neither of these DPNDs should be particularly emissive in the solid state, due to the low oscillator strengths calculated for model dimers derived from their X-ray crystal structures.</P>
Magnetic Characteristics and Structure Studies of Mn-Implanted p-type GaN Films
Y. Shi,C. Z. Jiang,D. J. Fu,L. Lin,강태원,X. J. Fan 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1
Wurtzite GaN ¯lms are grown by low-pressure MOCVD on (0001)-plane sapphire substrates. The GaN ¯lms have a total thickness of 4 ¹m with a surface Mg-doped p-type layer which has a thickness of 0.5 ¹m. 90-keV Mn+ ions are implanted into the GaN ¯lms at room temperature with doses ranging from 1 £ 1015 cm¡2 to 5 £ 1016 cm¡2. After an annealing step at about 800 ±C in °owing N2, the magnetism of the Mn-implanted GaN ¯lms is investigated by superconducting-quantum-interference device (SQUID). Despite the diamagnetic background of the undoped sample, the Mn-implanted GaN ¯lms show paramagnetism with dose of 1£1015 cm¡2 and ferromagnetism with a dose of 5 £ 1015 cm¡2 » 5 £ 1016 cm¡2. Combined with the structural characteristics given by X-ray diraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the magnetism of the Mn-implanted p-type GaN ¯lms is discussed.
Location determining method of critical sliding surface of fillings in a karst cave of tunnel
Lin, P.,Li, S.C.,Xu, Z.H.,Huang, X.,Pang, D.D.,Wang, X.T.,Wang, J. Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.16 No.4
A location determining method is proposed for critical sliding surface in the stability analysis of the filling materials in karst caves. First, a preliminary location of the sliding surface is determined based on simulation results which includes displacement contour and plastic zone. The sliding surface will locate on the bottom contact interface when the friction angle is relative small. However, a weakened contact interface always becomes the critical sliding surface no matter what the friction angle is. Then when the friction angle becomes larger, the critical sliding surface inside fillings can be determined by a parabola, the coefficient of which increases linearly with the friction angle under the same cohesion. Finally, the critical sliding surface approximately remains unchanged with friction angle. The influence of cohesion is similar to that of friction angle. Although affected by shape, size or position of the karst cave, the critical sliding surface mainly depends on both friction angle and cohesion. Thus, this method is always useful in determining the critical sliding surface.
Y.C. Li,M.H. Li,M. Wang,L. Liu,X.J. Zhang,C.M. Qin,Y.F. Wang,C.B. Wu,L.N. Liu,J.C. Xu,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,J. F. Shan,F. K. Liu,Y. P. Zhao,T. Zhang,X. Gao 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1
The suppression of high-intensity blob structures in the scrape-off layer (SOL) by ion-cyclotron range offrequencies (ICRF) power, leading to a decrease in the turbulent fluctuation level, is observed first in theExperimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experiment. This suppression effect from ICRFpower injection is global in the whole SOL at EAST, i.e. blob structures both in the regions that aremagnetically connected to the active ICRF launcher and in the regions that are not connected to theactive ICRF launcher could be suppressed by ICRF power. However, more ICRF power is required to reachthe full blob structure suppression effect in the regions that are magnetically unconnected to the activelauncher than in the regions that are magnetically connected to the active launcher. Studies show that apossible reason for the blob suppression could be the enhanced Er B shear flow in the SOL, which issupported by the shaper radial gradient in the floating potential profiles sensed by the divertor probearrays with increasing ICRF power. The local RF wave power unabsorbed by the core plasma isresponsible for the modification of potential profiles in the SOL regions.
Lin, M.,Schaefer, D.M.,Guo, W.S.,Ren, L.P.,Meng, Q.X. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4
The objectives were to compare the ability of various rumen microbial fractions to reduce nitrate and to assess the effect of nitrate on in vitro fermentation characteristics. Physical and chemical methods were used to differentiate the rumen microbial population into the following fractions: whole rumen fluid (WRF), protozoa (Pr), bacteria (Ba), and fungi (Fu). The three nitrogen substrate treatments were as follows: no supplemental nitrogen source, nitrate or urea, with the latter two being isonitrogenous additions. The results showed that during 24 h incubation, WRF, Pr and Ba fractions had an ability to reduce nitrate, and the rate of nitrate disappearance for the Pr fraction was similar to the WRF fraction, while the Ba fraction needed an adaptation period of 12 h before rapid nitrate disappearance. The WRF fraction had the greatest methane ($CH_4$) production and the Pr fraction had the greatest prevailing $H_2$ concentration (p<0.05). Compared to the urea treatment, nitrate diminished net gas and $CH_4$ production during incubation (p<0.05), and ammonia-N ($NH_3$-N) concentration (p<0.01). Nitrate also increased acetate, decreased propionate and decreased butyrate molar proportions (p<0.05). The Pr fraction had the highest acetate to propionate ratio (p<0.05). The Pr fraction as well as the Ba fraction appears to have an important role in nitrate reduction. Nitrate did not consistently alter total VFA concentration, but it did shift the VFA profile to higher acetate, lower propionate and lower butyrate molar proportions, consistent with less $CH_4$ production by all microbial fractions.
Insulin particles as building blocks for controlled insulin release multilayer nano-films
Lin, X.,Choi, D.,Hong, J. Elsevier 2015 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.54 No.-
Insulin nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by pH-shift precipitation and a newly developed disassembly method at room temperature. Then, an electrostatic interaction-based, layer-by-layer (LbL) multilayer film incorporating insulin NPs was fabricated with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), which is described herein as Si/(PAH/PAA)<SUB>5</SUB>(PAH/PAA-insulin NPs)<SUB>n</SUB>. The positively charged insulin NPs were introduced into the LbL film in the form of biocompatible PAA-insulin NP aggregates at a pH of 4.5 and were released in phosphate-buffered saline (pH7.4), triggered by changes in the charges of the insulin molecules. In addition, the insulin-incorporated multilayer was swollen because of the different ionic environment, leading also to insulin release. Eighty percent of the insulin was released from the LBL film in the first stage of 3h, and sustained release could be maintained in the second stage for up to 7days in vitro, which is very critical for specific diabetic patients. These striking findings could offer novel directions to researchers in establishing insulin delivery systems for diabetic therapy and fabricating other protein nanoparticles applied to various biomedical platforms.