단감의 이용성 증대를 위한 protopectinase처리 가공기술 개발

하정욱,이대희,김기운,황용일 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

가공식품의 개발에 있어서 식품의 맛과 더불어 저장성, 열 안정성 및 색조유지는 소비자의 기호도에 중요한 영향을 미친다. B. subtilis EK11 유래의 protopectinase(PPase)는 식물조직 중엽부의 주성분인 불용성 protopectin을 분해하여 단세포화하는 효소이다. PPase를 단감에 작용시켜 단감 고유의 세포 속에 함유되어 있는 세포내 성분들의 파손 없이 단세포를 유리하였다. PPase처리된 단감 단세포화물의 착즙 후 회수율과 잔사율은 각각 95%와 5%로서, 기계적 마쇄물에서의 85%와 15%에 비하여 높은 회수율과 낮은 잔사율을 나타내었다. 총당, 환원당, 자당, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유의 함량변화는 큰 차이가 없었으며, 이는 단세포 처리에 의하여 이들 성분이 안정하게 유지됨을 알 수 있었다. 식품중 열 또는 빛에 가장 불안정한 비타민 C의 경우 단감 단세포화물은 1일 경과 후에도 50% 이상이 보존되는 것으로 보아 단세포에 의한 일반적인 구성성분이 안정하게 유지 보호됨을 알 수 있다. PPase로 처리된 단감 단세포화물을 4℃에서 9일간 저장하며 색조를 관찰한 결과, 단세포화물에서는 뚜렷한 색조의 차이가 없었고 기계적 마쇄물에서는 변색이 일어났다. 또한 단감 단세포화물을 100℃에서 60분간 열처리한 후 관찰한 결과, 기계적 마쇄물의 경우 짧은 처리에도 변화를 보였으나 단세포화물에서는 그다지 큰 변화가 없었으며 이는 효소적 단세포화물의 높은 열 안정성을 의미한다. PPase를 이용한 단감의 단세포화는 음료제조 및 원료보존에 유용하게 응용가능하며, 나아가 단감 단세포화물의 폭넓은 식품소재화 가능성과 고부가가치 기능성 식품제조에 이용될 수 있음을 의미한다. In development of the processed food, it is important not only to make the food delicious but to enhance its storage span and thermal stability without change of the food quality in color, which greatly affects the tastes of customers. Protopectinase (PPase) from Bacillus subtilis EK11 hydrolyses or dissolves protopectin in the middle lamella of plant tissues with the resultant separation of plant cells from each other, called enzymatic maceration. With the PPase, persimmon was enzymatically macerated to separate cells to primary cell wall without damage. Yields of persimmon treated with PPase and mechanical maceration were 95% and 85%, respectively. Total and reducing sugars, crude protein and fat in the enzymatic maceration were well preserved as in the mechanical maceration. Importantly, over 50% of vitamin C, which is the most unstable component in application of the mechanical maceration, remained with intact form for one day after the enzymatic treatment. When the suspensions of persimmon macerated with both treatments had been stored at 4℃ for 9 days, the suspension of mechanically macerated persimmon was decolorized. Whereas decolorization was not found in the enzymatically macerated persimmon. Moreover, the mechanically macerated persimmon was greatly deteriorated after heat treatment at 100℃ for 60 min; the cell suspension of the enzymatically separated persimmon appeared to be stable, indicating the thermal stability. Thus, the PPase treatment of persimmon could be a better choice for preparation of the highly valuable and functional processed food as well as for prolonging the preservation period.

Odd-Even sorting network을 사용한 non-blocking ATM switch

채일호,김운식,황영원,김상하 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.21 No.1

광대역 통신망의 발달로 ATM switch의 중요성은 점차 증가되고 있으며 이에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. ATM switch는 크게 blocking, non-blocking으로 분류된다. 이 중 우리가 관심을 갖는 non-blocking switch는 내부에 buffer를 두거나 Sort-Banyan network을 사용해서 구현된다. 본 논문에서는 Odd-Even Sort를 Sort-Banyan network의 전위 network으로 갖는 ATM switch를 제안한다. 이러한 switch는 기존의 Sort-Banyan switch에 비해서 비교기의 숫자를 감소시킬 수 있어 VLSI구현시 큰 장점을 갖는다.

자연정화공법에 의한 소형 하수처리장치 개발을 위한 최적 깊이 및 호기ㆍ협기 비율

서동철,박미령,곽내운,황하나,이홍재,조주식,허종수 한국환경농학회 2006 한국환경농학회지 Vol.25 No.1

방목 초지에서 우분퇴비 시용이 목초의 무기성분 함량에 미치는 영향

황경준(Kyung Jun Hwang),박형수(Hyung Soo Park),박남건(Nam Geon Park),정하연(Ha Yeon Jeong),고문석(Moon Suck Ko),김문철(Moon Chul Kim),송상택(Sang Teak Song),김대운(Dae Woon Kim) 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.29 No.1

본 시험은 2003년부터 2005년까지 방목 혼파초지에 우분퇴비 시용에 따른 사초의 무기성분 함량변화를 구명하기 위하여 난지농업연구소 조사료포장에서 수행되었다. T1) 화학비료 100%, T2) 화학비료 50% + 퇴비 50%, T3) 화학비료 25% + 퇴비 75%, T4) 퇴비 100%, T5) 퇴비 100%(1년차) + 화학비료 100%(2년차) + 퇴비 100% (3년차), T6) 퇴비 100% (1년차) + 화학비료 100% (2년차) + 화학비료 100% (3년차)로 처리를 두어 우분퇴비 시용이 혼파초지의 다량무기성분 함량변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연간 총 건물수량을 비교해보면 시험1년차에는 T1 처리구가 11,342 ㎏/ha, 시험2년차에는 T5 처리구가 13,468 ㎏/ha, 3년차는 T6 처리구가 10,724 ㎏/ha로 가장 높은 수량을 보였으며 시험기간 동안 평균 건물수량은 화학비료구가 11,486 ㎏/ha으로 가장 높은 건물생산성을 보였지만 처리 간 유의성은 없었다. 식물체의 다량무기물 함량은 목초의 K 함량에서 T4 (우분퇴비 100%구) 처리구에서 높았으며 (p<0.05), 년차가 진행될수록 함량이 다소 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 식물체의 Ca 함량도 T3 (화학비료 25% + 우분퇴비 75%구) 처리구에서 3년 모두 일정하게 다른 처리보다 높았으며 통계적으로 유의차가 인정되었다 (p<0.05). 목초의 Ca 및 Mg 함량은 모든 처리 일정하게 조사기간 3년 동안 2003년에 가장 높았고 2005년, 2004년 순으로 함량이 감소되었다. 목초의 Na 함량은 모든 처리 일정하게 Ca과 Mg 함량과 반대되는 경향을 보이고 있었다. 결론적으로 우분퇴비의 시용은 목초내 다량무기성분에 있어서 결핍이나 과다함유되지 않았으며, 가축이 섭취하는 데 있어 안전하다고 사료된다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cattle manure application on macro contents change in pasture. The treatment consisted of T1: 100% chemical fertilizer (CF 100%), T2: 50% CF + 50% cattle manure (CM), T3: 25% CF+75% CM, T4: 100% CM 100%, T5: 100% CM(1st year (yr.) + 100% CF (2nd yr.) + 100% CM (3rd yr.), T6: 100% CM (1st yr.) + 100% CF (2nd yr.) + 100% CF (3rd yr.). The highest substitution effect of chemical fertilizer with cattle manure indicated by the highest yield of 11,169 ㎏/ha was obtained from the application of 100% CM (1 yr.) + 100% CF (2 yr.). The forage yield of plots applied with 100% CM (1 yr.) + 100% CF(2 yr.) was only 4% more than the yield of plots applied with 100% CM. It was only 3% less than the yield of plots applied with 100% CF. In this study, cattle manure application recorded slightly lower forage dry matter (DM) yield than 100% CF application but they were statistically comparable on the third year of production. The all treatments have narrow range of P, K, Ca, Mg and Na contents 0.25~0.32%, 3.08~3.71%, 0.42~0.55%, 0.21~0.38% and 0.08~0.15%.

Selection of the Korean rice cultivars having adaptable heading characters in tropical regions

Hwang Woon-Ha,Ahn Seung-Hyeon,Jeong Jae-Heok,Jeong Han-Yong,Lee Hyen-Seok,Yoon Jong-Tak,Lee Gun-Hwi,Choi Kyung-Jin 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

Effect of Active Nutrient Uptake on Heading Under Low Temperature in Rice

Woon-Ha Hwang,Jea Ran Kang,Jung-Sun Baek,Sung-Hyun An,Jae-Heok Jeong,Han-Yong Jeong,Hyen-Seok Lee,Jong-Tak Yun,Gun-Hwi Lee,Kyung-Jin Choi 한국작물학회 2016 한국작물학회지 Vol.61 No.3

Heading time is important element for yield and quality in crops. Among day length and temperature which influence on heading, temperature effect has not been investigated well. To investigate temperature effect on heading, heading date and plant growth characters were checked under the low and high temperature conditions in short day length. Analyzing heading date of six Korean varieties under the high and low temperature condition, heading date of varieties were delayed under low temperature. In the low temperature condition, dry weight and area of leaf were reduced. Varieties showing more delay of heading under low temperature also showed more reduction in leaf area. After selecting three varieties showing significant difference in leaf growth and heading date under different temperature conditions, nutrient contents of plant were analyzed. Nitrogen content was reduced in leaf and shoot under the low temperature condition. OsNRT2.3, nitrate transporter, was significantly down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. Available phosphate content was decreased in leaf, but increased in shoot due to reduction of phosphate mobility. OsPT1, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate uptake, was more down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. OsPT6, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate transport in plant, was also significantly down regulated in those varieties. With these data, we expected that active nitrogen and available phosphate uptake and transport in plant would increase leaf growth then might reduce heading delay under the low temperature condition.

Enhanced phosphate acquisition of a high-affinity transporter over-expressed transgenic rice by sufficient nitrogen condition

Woon Ha Hwang,Soo Kwon Park,Tack Min Kwon,Doh Hoon Kim,Hang Won Kang,Dong Soo Park 한국육종학회 2011 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.43 No.-

Ripening Characteristics and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Ilmi under Heat Stress Condition

Hwang, Woon-Ha,Jeong, Jae-Hyeok,Lee, Hyeon-Seok,Choi, In-Bae,Ahn, Seung-Hyeon,Jeong, Han-Young,Yoon, Jong-Tak,Choi, Kyung-Jin The Korean Society of Crop Science 2018 한국작물학회지 Vol.63 No.2

Heat stress during the ripening stage reduces the yield and quality of rice. Considering the adverse effects of global warming, it is necessary to breed heat stress tolerant rice cultivars and analyze their stress tolerance characteristics. We investigated the ripening characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activity of Ilmi under heat stress condition during the ripening stage. Ripening rate, 1000 brown grain weight, and rice quality of Ilmi were not significantly changed by heat stress during the ripening stage. Leaf chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b ratio, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of Ilmi leaves were also less changed than those of Ilpum. These results strongly suggested that Ilmi has heat tolerance characteristics during the ripening stage. Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity of Ilmi revealed that peroxidase (POX) activity was significantly higher than that of Ilpum, and showed a significant correlation with the change in chlorophyll a/b ratio and hydrogen peroxide content of flag leaves of Ilmi. These data suggest that the high POX enzyme activity of Ilmi could be considered one of its major heat tolerance characteristics.

The effective method to screen high Fe content brown rice

Woon-Ha Hwang,Soo-Kwon Park,Dongjin Shin,Min-Hee Nam,In-Jung Lee,Dong-Soo Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Even rice is one of the most important food crops in the world, its micronutrient contents including iron is not enough to solve mineral malnutrition which is a significant public health issue in most developing countries. Iron deficiency is probably the most widespread micronutrient deficiency in humans. Experts estimate that a rice based diet should contain 14.5 ppm iron in endosperm. However, Cesar P et al reported that average iron content in milled rice was 2 ~ 3 ppm, whease it was 10 ~ 11 ppm in brown rice. Fe content of rice is usually measured by inductively plasma spectrometry (ICP). It takes times and could make error while sample processing. To breed high iron contained rice variety, the effective screen method for select high iron contained elite line is essential. To develop more effective method in screening high Fe contained brown rice, we investigate the relation the leaf chlorophyll content with iron content in brown rice. Result of analyzing leaf chlorophyll content of OsNAS3-OX which contain more Fe than wild-type plant after cultivated on Fe limited MS medium, those of OsNAS3-OX was higher than those of wild-type plant in 0 and 20 % Fe contained MS medium. After measured Fe content in twenty kinds of brown rice, we cultivated those in Fe limited MS medium then investigate the relation of leaf chlorophyll content with Fe content of brown rice. In 0 and 5 % Fe contained MS medium, the leaf chlorophyll content was highly related with Fe content of brown rice as 0.66 and 0.79. Though these result, analyze of leaf chlorophyll content cultivated in 5 % Fe content in MS media was effect on screening high Fe contained.

Phosphate uptake and growth characteristics of transgenic rice under high phosphate soils

Woon-Ha Hwang,Soo-Kwon Park,Tackmin Kwon,Sais-Beul Lee,Min-Hee Nam,Doh-Hoon Kim,Dong-Soo Park 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

Farmers have use phosphate fertilizer to provide sufficient yields. However, overuse of phosphorus accumulate in soil and causes soil and water pollution. We evaluated the phosphate acquisition and growth characteristics of OsPT1 transgenic rice (OsPT1-OX, over-expressing the high affinity phosphate transporter 1) in high phosphate soils with different level of nitrogen fertilizer treatment to investigate removing ability of excessive phosphate from soil. OsPT1-OX had shorter culm length but more tillers than those of wild-type plants in each soil conditions. Phosphate content per dry weight of OsPT1-OX was 1.8 times higher than that of wild-type under control fertilizer treated conditions. Although the dry weight of OsPT1-OX was not different from that of wild-type plants, whole plant phosphate content was 1.7 times higher than that of wild-type plants under control fertilizer conditions. Tiller number and phosphate content per dry weight of wild-type plants increased following high levels of phosphate application but did not change by following additional nitrogen application. Tiller number and phosphate content per dry weight of OsPT1-OX did not change under the high phosphate condition, but increased following nitrogen application under similar conditions. Whole plant phosphate content was highest under high nitrogen and high phosphate application conditions. These results suggest that OsPT1-OX may reduce phosphate content in soils containing excess phosphate and may be further effective under high nitrogen condition.