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Zhang, Wenju,Xu, Zirong,Sun, Jianyi,Yang, Xia Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.9
The objective of this work was to study the effect of mixed culture solid substrate fermentation of C. tropicalis ZD-3 with A. niger ZD-8 on detoxification of cottonseed meal (CSM), and to investigate the effect of fermentation period, proportion of CSM in substrate, sodium carbonate, minerals and heat treatment on the reduction of free gossypol levels during mixed culture solid substrate fermentation of CSM. Experiment 1: Three groups of disinfected CSM substrate were incubated for 48 h after inoculation with either of the fungi C. tropicalis ZD-3, A. niger ZD-8 or mixed culture (C. tropicalis ZD-3 with A. niger ZD-8). One non-inoculated group was used as the control. Levels of initial and final free gossypol (FG), CP and in vitro CP digestibility were assayed. The results indicated that mixed culture fermentation was far more effective than single strain fermentation, which not only had higher detoxification rate, but also had higher CP content and in vitro digestibility. Experiment 2: CSM substrates were treated according to experimental variables including fermentation period, proportion of CSM in substrate, sodium carbonate, minerals and heat treatment, Then, the treated CSM substrates were inoculated with mixed culture (C. tropicalis ZD-3 with A. niger ZD-8) and incubated at $30^{\circ}C$ for 36 h in a 95% relative humidity chamber. After fermentation ended, FG and CP content of fermented CSM substrate was assayed. The results showed that the appropriate fermentation period was 36 h, and the optimal proportion of CSM in substrate was 70%. Addition of sodium carbonate to CSM substrate was beneficial for fermentative detoxification. Heat treatment could facilitate fermentative detoxification, and supplementation with minerals was instrumental in reducing gossypol levels during mixed culture solid substrate fermentation of CSM.
Endothelial Progenitor Cells Correlated with Oxidative Stress after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Xintao Huang,Dahai Wan,Yunpeng Lin,Naizhao Xue,Jiehe Hao,Ning Ma,Xile Pei,Ruilong Li,Wenju Zhang 연세대학교의과대학 2017 Yonsei medical journal Vol.58 No.5
Purpose: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration. Previous studies have shown that infusion of human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells improves outcomes in mice subjected to experimentaltraumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the efficiency of cell transplantation is not satisfactory. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the survival of transplanted cells following ischemic reperfusion injury. This observational clinical study investigatedthe correlation between the number of circulating EPCs and plasma levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonyldialdehyde(MDA). Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 patients with mild TBI at day-1, day-2, day-3, day-4, and day-7 post TBI. The number of circulating EPCs and the plasma levels of SOD and MDA were measured. Results: The average of circulating EPCs in TBI patients decreased initially, but increased thereafter, compared with healthy controls. Plasma levels of SOD in TBI patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls at day-4 post-TBI. MDA levels showed no difference between the two groups. Furthermore, when assessed on day-7 post-TBI, the circulating EPC number were correlated with the plasma levels of SOD and MDA. Conclusion: These results suggest that the number of circulating EPCs is weakly to moderately correlated with plasma levels of SOD and MDA at day-7 post-TBI, which may offer a novel antioxidant strategy for EPCs transplantation after TBI.
Polar amplification dominated by local forcing and feedbacks
Stuecker, Malte F.,Bitz, Cecilia M.,Armour, Kyle C.,Proistosescu, Cristian,Kang, Sarah M.,Xie, Shang-Ping,Kim, Doyeon,McGregor, Shayne,Zhang, Wenjun,Zhao, Sen,Cai, Wenju,Dong, Yue,Jin, Fei-Fei Nature Publishing Group 2018 Nature climate change Vol.8 No.12