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Surayot, Utoomporn,Lee, SangMin,You, SangGuan Elsevier 2018 International journal of biological macromolecules Vol.108 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aqueous crude sulfated fucan (SF) from <I>Stichopus japonicus</I> was extracted and fractionated using anion-exchange chromatography to obtain four fractions (F<SUB>1</SUB>, F<SUB>2</SUB>, F<SUB>3</SUB> and F<SUB>4</SUB>) and to investigate their NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. The most potent NK cell cytotoxicity (45% at 250μg/mL) against HeLa cells was observed by F<SUB>1</SUB> treatment, on the other hand, F<SUB>3</SUB> and F<SUB>4</SUB> treatment exhibited strong NK cell cytotoxicity (31–34% at 250μg/mL) against HepG2 and HT-29 cells. The SF treatment enhanced the activation of NK cells through the mRNA expression of IFN-γ, an activating receptor (NKp30), lysing proteins (perforin and granzyme-B) as well as a death ligand (FasL). However, the treatment of the SF derivatives, deproteinated-F<SUB>1</SUB> and desulfated-F<SUB>3</SUB> (DP-F<SUB>1</SUB> and DS-F<SUB>3</SUB>), markedly lowered the levels of NK cell cytotoxicity and mRNA expression of the activating factors, suggesting that the protein and sulfate were pivotal for the interaction between the SF and NK cells. The antibody neutralization test revealed that complement receptor-3 (CR3) may be a critical receptor involved in NK cell activation by the SF.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sulfated fucan (SF) from <I>Stichopus japonicus</I> increases NK cell proliferation and the cytotoxicity. </LI> <LI> Fractionated fucan effected to NK cell cytotoxicity against HeLa, HepG2 and HT-29 cells. </LI> <LI> Sulfates and proteins of SFs were required to improve NK cells cytotoxicity. </LI> <LI> NK cells are activated through the expression of NKp30, FasL, IFN-γ and granzyme-B. </LI> <LI> CR3 might be a critical receptor for the interaction between NK cells and SFs. </LI> </UL> </P>
Surayot, Utoomporn,Hun Lee, Ju,Kanongnuch, Chartchai,Peerapornpisal, Yuwadee,Park, WooJung,You, SangGuan Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.80 No.5
<P>Water-soluble sulfated heteropolysaccharides were extracted from Cladophora glomerata Kutzing and fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography, which yielded two subfractions, F-1 and F-2. The crude and fractionated polysaccharides (F-1 and F-2) mostly consisted of carbohydrates (62.8-74.5%) with various amounts of proteins (9.00-17.3%) and sulfates (16.5-23.5%), including different levels of arabinose (41.7-54.4%), galactose (13.5-39.0%), glucose (0.80-10.6%), xylose (6.84-13.4%), and rhamnose (0.20-2.83%). Based on the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) profiles, the crude and fractions mainly contained one peak with shoulders having molecular weight (M-w) ranges of 358-1,501x10(3). The F-1 fraction stimulated RAW264.7 cells to produce considerable amounts of nitric oxide and cytokines compared to the crude and F-2 fraction. The backbone of the most potent immunostimulating fraction (F-1) was alpha-(1 -> 4)-L-arabinopyranoside with galactose and xylose residues as branches at O-2 position, and sulfates mainly at O-2 position as well.</P>
Surayot, Utoomporn,Wang, JianGuo,Lee, Ju Hun,Kanongnuch, Chartchai,Peerapornpisal, Yuwadee,You, SangGuan Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2015 Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry Vol.79 No.10
<P>Sulfated polysaccharides (SP) isolated from freshwater green algae, Spirogyra neglecta (Hassall) K?tzing, and fractionated SPs were examined to investigate their molecular characteristics and immunomodulatory activity. The crude and fractionated SPs (F1, F2, and F3) consisted mostly of carbohydrates (68.5-85.3%), uronic acids (3.2-4.9%), and sulfates (2.2-12.2%) with various amounts of proteins (2.6-17.1%). d-galactose (23.5-27.3%), d-glucose (11.5-24.8%), l-fucose (19.0-26.7%), and l-rhamnose (16.4-18.3%) were the major monosaccharide units of these SPs with different levels of l-arabinose (3.0-9.4%), d-xylose (4.6-9.8%), and d-mannose (0.4-2.3%). The SPs contained two sub-fractions with molecular weights (Mw) ranging from 164??10(3) to 1460??10(3)?g/mol. The crude and fractionated SPs strongly stimulated murine macrophages, producing considerable amounts of nitric oxide and various cytokines via up-regulation of their mRNA expression by activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. The main backbone of the most immunoenhancing SP was (13)-l-Fucopyranoside, (14,6)-d-Glucopyranoside, and (14)-d-Galactopyranoside.</P>
RAW264.7 Cell Activating Glucomannans Extracted from Rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum
Yelithao, Khamphone,Surayot, Utoomporn,Lee, Ju Hun,You, SangGuan The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2016 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.21 No.3
Water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum and fractionated using ionexchange chromatography were investigated to determine their structure and immunostimulating activity. Crude and fractions ($F_1$ and $F_2$) consisted of carbohydrates (85.1~88.3%) with proteins (4.51~11.9%) and uronic acid (1.79~7.47%), and included different levels of mannose (62.3~76.3%), glucose (15.2~20.3%), galactose (4.35~15.3%), and arabinose (4.00~7.65%). The crude contained two peaks with molecular weights (Mw) of $151{\times}10^3$ and $31.8{\times}10^3$, but $F_1$ and $F_2$ exhibited one major peak with Mw of $103{\times}10^3$ and $628{\times}10^3$, respectively. Little immunostimulatory activity was observed by the crude; however, $F_1$ and $F_2$ significantly activated RAW264.7 cells to release nitric oxide and various cytokines, suggesting they were potent immunostimulators. The backbone of the most immunostimulating fraction ($F_1$) was ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-manno- and ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-gluco-pyranosyl residues with galactose and glucose attached to O-6 of manno-pyranoside.
RAW264.7 Cell Activating Glucomannans Extracted from Rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum
Khamphone Yelithao,Utoomporn Surayot,Ju Hun Lee,SangGuan You 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.21 No.3
Water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum and fractionated using ionexchange chromatography were investigated to determine their structure and immunostimulating activity. Crude and fractions (F₁ and F₂) consisted of carbohydrates (85.1∼88.3%) with proteins (4.51∼11.9%) and uronic acid (1.79∼7.47%), and included different levels of mannose (62.3∼76.3%), glucose (15.2∼20.3%), galactose (4.35∼15.3%), and arabinose (4.00∼7.65%). The crude contained two peaks with molecular weights (Mw) of 151×10³ and 31.8×10³, but F₁ and F₂ exhibited one major peak with Mw of 10³×10³ and 628×10³, respectively. Little immunostimulatory activity was observed by the crude; however, F₁ and F₂ significantly activated RAW264.7 cells to release nitric oxide and various cytokines, suggesting they were potent immunostimulators. The backbone of the most immunostimulating fraction (F₁) was (1→4)- manno- and (1→4)-gluco-pyranosyl residues with galactose and glucose attached to O-6 of manno-pyranoside.