Functional and evolutionary genomic inferences in <i>Populus</i> through genome and population sequencing of American and European aspen

Lin, Yao-Cheng,Wang, Jing,Delhomme, Nicolas,Schiffthaler, Bastian,Sundströ,m, Gö,rel,Zuccolo, Andrea,Nystedt, Bjö,rn,Hvidsten, Torgeir R.,de la Torre, Amanda,Cossu, Rosa M.,Hoeppner, Marc National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.46

<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>We performed de novo, full-genome sequence analysis of two <I>Populus</I> species, North American quaking and Eurasian trembling aspen, that contain striking levels of genetic variation. Our results showed that positive and negative selection broadly affects patterns of genomic variation, but to varying degrees across coding and noncoding regions. The strength of selection and rates of sequence divergence were strongly related to differences in gene expression and coexpression network connectivity. These results highlight the importance of both positive and negative selection in shaping genome-wide levels of genetic variation in an obligately outcrossing, perennial plant. The resources we present establish aspens as a powerful study system enabling future studies for understanding the genomic determinants of adaptive evolution.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The <I>Populus</I> genus is one of the major plant model systems, but genomic resources have thus far primarily been available for poplar species, and primarily <I>Populus trichocarpa</I> (Torr. & Gray), which was the first tree with a whole-genome assembly. To further advance evolutionary and functional genomic analyses in <I>Populus</I>, we produced genome assemblies and population genetics resources of two aspen species, <I>Populus tremula</I> L. and <I>Populus tremuloides</I> Michx. The two aspen species have distributions spanning the Northern Hemisphere, where they are keystone species supporting a wide variety of dependent communities and produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites. Our analyses show that the two aspens share a similar genome structure and a highly conserved gene content with <I>P. trichocarpa</I> but display substantially higher levels of heterozygosity. Based on population resequencing data, we observed widespread positive and negative selection acting on both coding and noncoding regions. Furthermore, patterns of genetic diversity and molecular evolution in aspen are influenced by a number of features, such as expression level, coexpression network connectivity, and regulatory variation. To maximize the community utility of these resources, we have integrated all presented data within the PopGenIE web resource (PopGenIE.org).</P></▼2>

La Charreri>a

Torre, Fernando Torres de la,Torres de la Torre, Fernando 한국외국어대학 서반아어과 1986 AULA Vol.4 No.1

Son Pyong-hui y el Movimiento del primero de Marzo

Torre, Fernando Torres de la 서울大學校 스페인中南美硏究所 1996 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.7 No.-

LA INTERCULTURALIDAD EN LA CLASE DE ESPAN~OL LENGUA EXTRANJERA

Torre, Jesu´s de la 한국동서정신과학회 2002 동서정신과학 Vol.5 No.2

Considering the importance of the connection between languages and culture this article examines the necessity for inclusion of an intercultural perspective in the learning process to achieve better results in the foreign language classroom. It becomes even more relevant if we take into account the cultural differences between Korea and the language of study. After recognizing and assessing the relevant factors that take part in learning we chose one of them (Confucianism) as one of the key elements that will help the native teacher to understand the cultural patterns of the students and their learning styles. We stress the importance for the educator to know idiosyncratic behaviours in order to avoid misunderstandings in communication and "cultural shock". This research is oriented for practical applications. For that, we analysed the different interpretations of "the silence in the classroom", in the culture of the Spanish language teacher as compared with the culture of Korean students; that is a conclusive example that the educator should approach the teaching practice bearing in mind the cultural specifics of the students; that means, from an intercultural perspective.

End-of-Life Jeepneys in the Philippines

( Noemi Torre ),( Edwin Olmos ),( Theta Ponce ),( Solito Nudo ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Each year, millions of motor vehicles reach their end-of-life. The Philippines with the initiative of the current administration, launched the PUV Modernization Program which aims to i) modernize the current PUV fleet, ii) reform and consolidate the industry, iii) move towards low emission PUVs iv)improve welfare of commuters and encourage modal shift and v) improve standards of living of drivers, operators, and their families. There are around 200,000 jeepneys in the Philippines and 90% of which are 15 years old and above. Most are unsafe and environmentally harmful. Some car manufacturers have started to be mindful of their vehicles recyclability index. Besides being considered as the “king of the road” in the Philippines, the jeepney has its share of cultural contribution to the country. Add to this that all of this jeepneys are locally made. And so the handling of the end-of-life jeepneys is very crucial not only to the manufacturers, but also to the riding public and drivers of the jeepneys. With the volume of jeepneys facing end-of-life, the Philippines cannot afford to just throw the dismantled parts in the filled-up landfills. Besides, most of the jeepneys composition is metal which will definitely have many uses afterwards. The motivation of the research is to maximize the reuse of the jeepneys parts while minimizing the parts that will be dumped in the landfill.

Análisis de los Instrumentos Económicos con Fines Ambientales en la Legislación y Políticas Públicas Mexicanas

Vicente Torre D,Maria J. Rios C 부산외국어대학교 이베로아메리카연구소 2014 이베로아메리카 Vol.16 No.1

There isn’t doubt that our planet faces daily environmental damages, this is consequence of human action on nature and its resources. This has been observed since the man appears in the world, and will continue to happen, unfortunately more and more quickly. For over 40 years have sought solutions to environmental problems, one being the establishment of economic instruments and creation of environmental taxes to achieve the aims and objectives of public policy is clear and necessary public intervention in environmental matters. This paper seeks to highlight and explain the feasibility of establishing environmental taxes and the need for the adequacy and strict application of environmental policies and the continuing joint work of the States and the Federation to achieve satisfactory results with the implementation of these environmental instruments that complement our tax system. Key Words: Economic Instruments; Environmental Taxes; Public Politics; Environment; Sustainable Development Resulta indudable que nuestro planeta a diario enfrenta el deterioro del medio ambiente, ello como consecuencia de la acción humana sobre la naturaleza y sus recursos. Esto se ha presentado desde el inicio de la humanidad y desafortunadamente seguirá sucediendo cada vez con mayor rapidez y frecuencia. Desde hace más de 40 años se han buscado soluciones a la problemática ambiental, siendo el establecimiento de instrumentos económicos y la creación de tributos ambientales un medio para lograr los objetivos y fines de las políticas públicas sobre la materia, resultando evidente y necesaria la intervención pública en materia ambiental. Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer y explicar el estado del arte, la viabilidad del establecimiento de impuestos ambientales, así como la necesidad de la adecuación e implementación estricta de las políticas medio ambientales, siendo indispensable para ello el trabajo conjunto y continuo de la Federación y de los Estados para lograr resultados satisfactorios con la implementación de estos instrumentos ambientales convirtiéndose en un complemento de nuestro sistema tributario. Palabras claves: Instrumentos Económicos, Tributos Ambientales, Políticas Públicas, Medio Ambiente, Desarrollo Sustentable.

Data Reduction Method in Massive Data Sets

Namo, Gecynth Torre,Yun, Hong-Won The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2009 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.7 No.1

Many researchers strive to research on ways on how to improve the performance of RFID system and many papers were written to solve one of the major drawbacks of potent technology related with data management. As RFID system captures billions of data, problems arising from dirty data and large volume of data causes uproar in the RFID community those researchers are finding ways on how to address this issue. Especially, effective data management is important to manage large volume of data. Data reduction techniques in attempts to address the issues on data are also presented in this paper. This paper introduces readers to a new data reduction algorithm that might be an alternative to reduce data in RFID Systems. A process on how to extract data from the reduced database is also presented. Performance study is conducted to analyze the new data reduction algorithm. Our performance analysis shows the utility and feasibility of our categorization reduction algorithms.

Sintering of Mechanically Alloyed YSZ Nanocrystalline Powders

De la Torre,M. A. Lopez,Dura O. J.,Hernandez M.,Garcia-Cordobes M.,Herranz G.,Sanchez-Bautista C.,Rodriguez G. P. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

We report on the mechanical and structural properties of nanocrystalline 8% and 10% mol yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) obtained using mechanical alloying (MA). The as-milled powders show a body-centered cubic structure with grain sizes in the nanometer scale. After uniaxial pressing and sintering the compacts exhibit good mechanical properties. We discuss the correlation of these enhanced properties with the microstructural changes induced by heat treatment.

Original Article : Is a Preoperative Assessment of the Early Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer Possible after Complete Surgical Resection?

( Marco La Torre ),( Giuseppe Nigri ),( Annalisa Lo Conte ),( Federica Mazzuca ),( Simone Maria Tierno ),( Adelona Salaj ),( Paolo Marchetti ),( Vincenzo Ziparo ),( Giovanni Ramacciato ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.1

Background/Aims: The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is poor. The serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) level has been identified as a prognostic indicator of recurrence and reduced overall survival. The aim of this study was to identify preoperative prognostic factors and to create a prognostic model able to assess the early recurrence risk for patients with resectable PAC. Methods: A series of 177 patients with PAC treated surgically at the St. Andrea Hospital of Rome between January 2003 and December 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were utilized to identify preoperative prognostic indicators. Results: A preoperative CA 19-9 level >228 U/mL, tumor size >3.1 cm, and the presence of pathological preoperative lymph nodes statistically correlated with early recurrence. Together, these three factors predicted the possibility of an early recurrence with 90.4% accuracy. The combination of these three preoperative conditions was identified as an independent parameter for early recurrence based on multivariate analysis (p=0.0314, hazard ratio, 3.9811, 95% confidence interval, 1.1745 to 15.3245). Conclusions: PAC patient candidates for surgical resection should undergo an assessment of early recurrence risk to avoid unnecessary and ineffective resection and to identify patients for whom palliative or alternative treatment may be the treatment of choice. (Gut Liver 2014,8:102-108)

Advancing the understanding of autism disease mechanisms through genetics

de la Torre-Ubieta, Luis,Won, Hyejung,Stein, Jason L,Geschwind, Daniel H Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2016 Nature medicine Vol.22 No.4

Progress in understanding the genetic etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has fueled remarkable advances in our understanding of its potential neurobiological mechanisms. Yet, at the same time, these findings highlight extraordinary causal diversity and complexity at many levels ranging from molecules to circuits and emphasize the gaps in our current knowledge. Here we review current understanding of the genetic architecture of ASD and integrate genetic evidence, neuropathology and studies in model systems with how they inform mechanistic models of ASD pathophysiology. Despite the challenges, these advances provide a solid foundation for the development of rational, targeted molecular therapies.