Effects of dietary valine:lysine ratio on the performance, amino acid composition of tissues and mRNA expression of genes involved in branched-chain amino acid metabolism of weaned piglets

Ye Tong Xu,Xiao Kang Ma,Chun Lin Wang,Ming Feng Yuan,Xiang Shu Piao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.1

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary standard ileal digestible (SID) valine:lysine ratios on performance, intestinal morphology, amino acids of liver and muscle, plasma indices and mRNA expression of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism enzymes. Methods: A total of 144 crossbred pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) weaned at 28±4 days of age (8.79±0.02 kg body weight) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 diets formulated to provide SID valine:lysine ratios of 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%. Each diet was fed to 6 pens of pigs with 6 pigs per pen (3 gilts and 3 barrows) for 28 days. Results: Average daily gain increased quadratically (p<0.05), the villous height of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased linearly (p<0.05) as the SID valine:lysine ratio increased. The concentrations of plasma α-keto isovaleric and valine increased linearly (p<0.05), plasma aspartate, asparagine and cysteine decreased (p<0.05) as the SID valine:lysine ratio increased. An increase in SID lysine:valine levels increased mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial BCAA transaminase and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase in the longissimus dorsi muscle (p<0.05). Conclusion: Using a quadratic model, a SID valine:lysine ratio of 68% was shown to maximize the growth of weaned pigs which is slightly higher than the level recommended by the National Research Council [6].

Mutational Analysis of Key EGFR Pathway Genes in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients

Tong, Lin,Yang, Xue-Xi,Liu, Min-Feng,Yao, Guang-Yu,Dong, Jian-Yu,Ye, Chang-Sheng,Li, Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment; however, its use does not lead to a marked clinical response. Studies of non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer showed that mutations of genes in the PIK3CA/AKT and RAS/RAF/MEK pathways, two major signalling cascades downstream of EGFR, might predict resistance to EGFR-targeted agents. Therefore, we examined the frequencies of mutations in these key EGFR pathway genes in Chinese breast cancer patients. Methods: We used a high-throughput mass-spectrometric based cancer gene mutation profiling platform to detect 22 mutations of the PIK3CA, AKT1, BRAF, EGFR, HRAS, and KRAS genes in 120 Chinese women with breast cancer. Results: Thirteen mutations were detected in 12 (10%) of the samples, all of which were invasive ductal carcinomas (two stage I, six stage II, three stage III, and one stage IV). These included one mutation (0.83%) in the EGFR gene (rs121913445-rs121913432), three (2.50%) in the KRAS gene (rs121913530, rs112445441), and nine (7.50%) in the PIK3CA gene (rs121913273, rs104886003, and rs121913279). No mutations were found in the AKT1, BRAF, and HRAS genes. Six (27.27%) of the 22 genotyping assays called mutations in at least one sample and three (50%) of the six assays queried were found to be mutated more than once. Conclusions: Mutations in the EGFR pathway occurred in a small fraction of Chinese breast cancers. However, therapeutics targeting these potential predictive markers should be investigated in depth, especially in Oriental populations.

Treatment of Periodontal Bone Defects with Stem Cells from Inflammatory Dental Pulp Tissues in Miniature Swine

Ye Li,Xi Nan,Tian-Yu Zhong,Tong Li,Ang Li 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2019 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.16 No.2

BACKGROUND: Containing a certain proportion of mesenchymal stem cells, inflammatory dental tissue showed great tissue regeneration potential in recent years. However, whether it is applicable to promote tissue regeneration in vivo remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we evaluated the feasibility of stem cells from inflammatory dental pulp tissues (DPSCs-IPs) to reconstruct periodontal defects in miniature pigs. METHODS: The autologous pig DPSCs-IPs were first cultured, appraised and loaded onto b-tricalcium phosphate (b- TCP). The compounds were then engrafted into an artificially-created periodontal defect. Three months later, the extent of periodontal regeneration was evaluated. Clinical examination, radiological examination and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess periodontal regeneration. RESULTS: The data collectively showed that DPSCs-IPs from miniature pigs expressed moderate to high levels of STRO-1 and CD146 as well as low levels of CD34 and CD45. DPSCs-IPs have osteogentic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation abilities. DPSCs-IPs were engrafted onto b-TCP and regenerated bone to repair periodontal defects by 3 months’ post-surgical reconstruction. CONCLUSION: Autologous DPSCs-IPs may be a feasible means of periodontal regeneration in miniature pigs.

Technical and Clinical Aspects of Diagnostic Single-Balloon Enteroscopy in the First Decade of Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

( Ye Gao ),( Lei Xin ),( Yi-tong Zhang ),( Xiao-rong Guo ),( Qian-qian Meng ),( Zhao-shen Li ),( Zhuan Liao ) 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.2

Background/Aims: Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) has been widely used in diagnosing small bowel disease. We conducted this study to systematically appraise its technical and clinical performance. Methods: Studies on SBE published by September 2018 were systematically searched. Technical and clinical performance data were collected and analyzed with descriptive or meta-analysis methods. Results: In total, 54 articles incorporating 4,592 patients (6,036 procedures) were included. Regarding technical parameters, the pooled insertion depths (IDs) for anterograde and retrograde SBE were 209.2 cm and 98.1 cm, respectively. The pooled retrograde ID in Asian countries was significantly greater than that in Western countries (129.0 cm vs 81.1 cm, p<0.001). The pooled anterograde and retrograde procedure times were 57.6 minutes and 65.1 minutes, respectively. The total enteroscopy rate was 21.9%, with no significant difference between Asian and Western countries. Clinically, the pooled diagnostic yield of SBE was 62.3%. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) was the most common indication (50.0%), with a diagnostic yield of 59.5%. Vascular lesions were the most common findings in Western OGIB patients (76.9%) but not in Asian ones (31.0%). The rates of severe and mild adverse events were 0.5% and 2.5%, respectively. Conclusions: SBE is technically efficient and is clinically effective and safe, but total enteroscopy is relatively difficult to achieve with this technique. Etiologies of OGIB in Asian countries differ from those in Western countries. (Gut Liver 2021;15:262-272)

Design and Performance Analysis of a New Lightweight Rotor Adaptive Electromagnetic Shock Absorber for Armored Vehicles

Zhao Tong,Li Desheng,Ye Lezhi,Guo Benzhen,Li Zequn,Ma Tongxin 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.3

In order to solve the problem of the large moment of inertia of the existing rotating electromagnetic shock absorber for armored vehicles, a new lightweight rotor adaptive electromagnetic shock absorber (LR-AESA) is proposed in this paper. The LR-AESA consists of the left and right symmetrically distributed stators, a rotor in the middle and excitation coils. Secondly, based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method (EMC) and the Ampere loop theorem, and the interaction of the reaction magnetic fields between adjacent eddy current rings and the nonlinear effect of the interaction between the eddy current field and the original magnetic field are further considered, the air gap magnetic field distribution of the LR-AESA of the 10# steel rotor and the copper rotor at different speeds is derived, and the analytical expression of the damping torque is obtained. Finally, the validity of the analytical model was verified by comparison with results from the 3-D finite element method (FEM). The results show that the LR-AESA of the two material rotors can meet the requirements of technical indicators, but in the full speed section (200 ~ 2000 rpm), the copper rotor has the advantage of a wider range of the damping torque adjustment.

Performance analysis and experimental verification of hydraulic driven axial flow pumps

Zhiting Tong,Ye Yuan,Chao Zhang,Zhimin Zhang,Yue Zhang 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6

To investigate axial flow pumps’ performance characteristics, NUMECA software is selected to perform numerical simulation at four rotating speeds (1380, 1840, 2300, and 2530 r/min) based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The relationship curves of flowhead and flow-pump efficiency, static pressure distribution on blade surfaces, velocity variation near the hub, and total pressure distribution at different blade heights are obtained. Results indicate that with the improvement of the rotating speed, the curves of the head and the efficiency rise and shift to the right, the pressure difference on both sides of the blade ascends, and the moment acting on the blade induced by the water flow also increases, resulting in higher head. At the rated speed of 2300 r/min, the pressure difference between the pressure side and the suction side at low flowrates increases, the minimum pressure is lower, and the anticavitation performance decreases, whereas the velocity distribution near the hub is the same at different flowrates. Moreover, the velocity is lower near the hub’s leading edge, and no influence is observed. To guarantee the reliability and comparability, experimental data are contrasted with the simulated results at the speed of 2182 r/min. At the near design condition (Q = 534.4-567 m 3 /h), the relative deviation of efficiency and head is less than 4.5 %, which is a small gap. These conclusions provide valuable reference for axial flow pumps to operate under variable speed conditions.

Development of a Cost-effective High-precision Bench Machine Tool for Multi-level Micro Aspheric Lightinglens Mold Machining

Shun-Tong Chen,Kuo-En Chang,Wei-Ping Huang,Hong-Ye Yang,Xiu-Mao Lee 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This study presents the development of a cost-effective high-precision bench machine tool prototype for machining multi-level micro aspheric lighting-lens molds. To achieve high-precision over a long lifetime of micromachining, the bench machine tool is designed using a small C-shaped framework to strengthen static rigidity and vibration resistance. The primary structures of the machine tool are constructed with tempered nodular graphite cast iron to obtain a high damping coefficient and high inherent resonant frequency. A multi-level aspheric curve generator is designed according to the multi-level aspheric curve equation to easily create an aspheric curve and then rotated into an aspheric surface form with a symmetrical optical axis. The verifications of the designed bench machine tool’s functions were conducted by machining the micro aspheric lighting-lens molds using highspeed micro milling. Experimental results demonstrate that form accuracy and surface roughness for the micro aspheric lightinglens mold of Rt 2.937 μm and Ra equal to 0.032 μm respectively could be simultaneously achieved. The developed cost-effective bench machine tool can supply high-quality and fast machining in the fabrication of micro optoelectronic molds such as those used for micro aspheric lighting-lenses.

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Exo-β-1,3-Galactanase from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68

Zhou, Tong,Hu, Yanbo,Yan, Xuecui,Cui, Jing,Wang, Yibing,Luo, Feng,Yuan, Ye,Yu, Zhenxiang,Zhou, Yifa The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.8

Arabinogalactans have diverse biological properties and can be used as pharmaceutical agents. Most arabinogalactans are composed of β-(1→3)-galactan, so it is particularly important to identify β-1,3-galactanases that can selectively degrade them. In this study, a novel exo-β-1,3-galactanase, named PoGal3, was screened from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68, and hetero-expressed in P. pastoris GS115 as a soluble protein. PoGal3 belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 43 (GH43) and has a 1,356-bp gene length that encodes 451 amino acids residues. To study the enzymatic properties and substrate selectivity of PoGal3, β-1,3-galactan (AG-P-I) from larch wood arabinogalactan (LWAG) was prepared and characterized by HPLC and NMR. Using AG-P-I as substrate, purified PoGal3 exhibited an optimal pH of 5.0 and temperature of 40℃. We also discovered that Zn²⁺ had the strongest promoting effect on enzyme activity, increasing it by 28.6%. Substrate specificity suggests that PoGal3 functions as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase, with its greatest catalytic activity observed on AG-P-I. Hydrolytic products of AG-P-I are mainly composed of galactose and β-1,6-galactobiose. In addition, PoGal3 can catalyze hydrolysis of LWAG to produce galacto-oligomers. PoGal3 is the first enzyme identified as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase that can be used in building glycan blocks of crucial glycoconjugates to assess their biological functions.

Efficiency Optimization of Variable Iron Loss Resistance Asynchronous Motor Based on Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

Guo Zhen,Tong Di,Zhao Yan-cheng,Chen Shuang,Nai Ji-qiu,Ye Ming-hao 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.1

Asynchronous motor is widely used in various industrial fields. When asynchronous motor works in case close to the rated load, it will run at maximum efficiency. However, most of the load is 50–100% of rated load and it will lead to the serious waste of energy. This paper proposes an efficiency optimization control strategy based on the grey wolf optimization algorithm to improve the operating efficiency of asynchronous motors at light loads. The motor loss model considering the change of iron loss is established and it makes the asynchronous motor model more accurate. The grey wolf optimization algorithm is used to find the optimized flux value. When the asynchronous motor operates at the optimal flux, the loss power of the motor is decreased and the operation efficiency improves effectively. The proposed method reduces the flux search time and improves the stability of the system. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy achieving the global efficiency optimum of asynchronous motor.

Effects of dietary supplementation with a combination of plant oils on performance, meat quality and fatty acid deposition of broilers

Shenfei Long,Ye Tong Xu,Chunlin Wang,Changlian Li,Dewen Liu,Xiangshu Piao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.11

Objective: This study was to evaluate effects of mixed plant oils (identified as mixed oil 1 [MO1] and mixed oil 2 [MO2]) on performance, serum composition, viscera percentages, meat quality, and fatty acid deposition of broilers. Methods: A total of 126 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks (weighing 44.91± 0.92 g) were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments with 7 replicate pens per treatment (6 broilers per pen). Dietary treatments included a corn-soybean basal diet supplemented with 3% soybean oil (CTR), basal diet with 3% MO1 (a mixture of 15% corn oil, 10% coconut oil, 15% linseed oil, 20% palm oil, 15% peanut oil and 25% soybean oil; MO1), or basal diet with 3% MO2 (a combination of 50% MO1 and 50% extruded corn; MO2). The trial consisted of phase 1 (d 1 to 21) and phase 2 (d 22 to 42). Results: Compared to CTR, broilers fed MO (MO1 or MO2) had greater (p<0.05) average daily gain in phase 1, 2, and overall (d 1 to 42), redness in thigh muscle, concentrations of serum glucose, serum albumin, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio in breast muscle, while these broilers also showed lower (p≤0.05) drip loss and concentrations of C18:3n-3 and PUFA/SFA ratio in breast muscle. Broilers fed MO2 had higher (p<0.05) liver percentage, while broilers fed MO1 had lower (p≤0.05) feed conversion ratio in phase 1 and increased (p<0.05) contents of C18:2n-6, C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, and n-3 PUFA in breast muscle compared to CTR. Conclusion: Mixed plant oils had positive effects on performance, serum parameters, meat quality, liver percentage and fatty acid deposition in broilers, which indicates they can be used as better dietary energy feedstocks than soybean oil alone.