Zika Virus Proteins NS2A and NS4A Are Major Antagonists that Reduce IFN-β Promoter Activity Induced by the MDA5/RIG-I Signaling Pathway

( Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan ),( Seong-jun Kim ),( Jeong Yoon Lee ),( Jinjong Myoung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.10

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted, emerging Flavivirus that causes Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly in adults and fetuses, respectively. Since ZIKV was first isolated in 1947, severe outbreaks have occurred at various places worldwide, including Yap Island in 2007, French Polynesia in 2013, and Brazil in 2015. Although incidences of ZIKV infection and dissemination have drastically increased, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ZIKV have not been sufficiently studied. In addition, despite extensive research, the exact roles of individual ZIKV genes in the viral evasion of the host innate immune responses remain elusive. Besides, it is still possible that more than one ZIKV-encoded protein may negatively affect type I interferon (IFN) induction. Hence, in this study, we aimed to determine the modulations of the IFN promoter activity, induced by the MDA5/RIG-I signaling pathway, by over-expressing individual ZIKV genes. Our results show that two nonstructural proteins, NS2A and NS4A, significantly down-regulated the promoter activity of IFN-β by inhibiting multiple signaling molecules involved in the activation of IFN-β. Interestingly, while NS2A suppressed both full-length and constitutively active RIG-I, NS4A had inhibitory activity only on full-length RIG-I. In addition, while NS2A inhibited all forms of IRF3 (full-length, regulatory domain-deficient, and constitutively active), NS4A could not inhibit constitutively active IRF3-5D. Taken together, our results showed that NS2A and NS4A play major roles as antagonists of MDA5/RIG-I-mediated IFN-β induction and more importantly, these two viral proteins seem to inhibit induction of the type I IFN responses in differential mechanisms. We believe this study expands our understanding regarding the mechanisms via which ZIKV controls the innate immune responses in cells and may pave the way to development of ZIKV-specific therapeutics.

High-performance nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor based on AgNP-decorated MoS2 microflowers

Dinh Van Tuan,Dang Thi Thuy Ngan,Dao Vu Phuong Thao,Nguyen Thi Nguyet,Nguyen Thi Thuy,Nguyen Phuong Thuy,Vu Van Thu,Vuong-Pham Hung,Phuong Dinh Tam 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-

A facile hydrothermal route was used to synthesize silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-decorated microflower molybdenum disulfide (MoS2-MF) for bio-electrochemical platform fabrication to detect nonenzymatic glucose concentration. The morphologies of the materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy, and their structural characteristics were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrochemical characteristics of the AgNPs/MoS2-MF/PtE biosensor were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The obtained data indicated that the developed nonenzymatic glucose sensor has a large linear response between 1.0 and 15.0 mM, a limit of detection of as low as 1.0 mM, and a sensitivity of 46.5 μA nM-1 cm-2. The biosensor also displayed outstanding selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and repeatability. Additionally, the AgNPs/MoS2-MF/ PtE biosensor was utilized to detect glucose concentration in real sample and showed practical application potential for glucose detection.

Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Repurchase Intention: A Case Study in the FMCG Industry in Vietnam

Minh Sang VO(Minh Sang VO ),Minh Quoc PHAM(Minh Quoc PHAM ),Thuy Bao Thu LE(Thuy Bao Thu LE ),Le Kim Ngan NGUYEN(Le Kim Ngan NGUYEN ),Xuan Tung DAO(Xuan Tung DAO ),Huynh To Nhi PHAM(Huynh To Nhi PHAM 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2

The study aims to evaluate the impact of corporate social responsibility on customers’ repurchase intention in Vietnam’s fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. This study employs primary data surveyed from 417 Vietnamese consumers, and the sample is selected based on the willingness to participate in providing information. The results show corporate social responsibility’s positive impact on repurchase intention in the FMCG industry in the Vietnam market. There are three components of corporate social responsibility, including ethical responsibility, legal responsibility, and economic responsibility have a positive impact on repurchase intention. The economic responsibility component has the greatest effect on repurchase intention. There is not enough statistical basis for the philanthropic responsibility component of corporate social responsibility to recognize its impact on repurchase intention. The findings of this study suggest that companies dealing in the FMCG industry in Vietnam need to invest more in further developing their corporate social responsibility, it not only helps to improve their customer loyalty to businesses but also contributes to promoting the country’s economic and social development in a better and more sustainable direction.

Traumatic brain injury-induced hypo-O-GlcNAcylation contributes to cognitive dysfunction in adult zebrafish

Ngan An Bui,Dong Yeol Kim,Jiwon Park,Sang-Min Kim,Hyun Jae Sung,Thuy-Duong ThiTran,Quynh T N Nguyen,Inn-Oc Han 한국당과학회 2022 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.07

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known as a functional corruption of the brain caused by a bump or blast to the head when an object hits suddenly or pierces the skull and penetrates brain tissues. There is an urgent need of understanding the pathophysiology following TBI because the morbidity and mortality rates worldwide caused by TBI have remained high throughout decades. In this study, we used a novel model of adult zebrafish to study the molecular and physiological changes following TBI. Using T-maze, on the 3rd-day post-stab-lesion injury (dpi), learning and memory deficits and poor social response were observed. Results from mirror biting and novel tank tests also provided us insight into their defective mobility, explorational, and territorial instincts. Neurogenesis impairment and severe brain inflammation were also altered following TBI, especially at 3 dpi. Upon injury, a notable decrease of O-GlcNAc level was remarked at 3dpi. Deregulation of O-GlcNAcylation which led to impaired glucose metabolism was informed to contribute to the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases. Glucosamine (GlcN), a natural compound found in cartilage, is known as a derivative of the pathway that can increase O-GlcNAcylation by bypassing the reaction catalyzed by a rate liming enzyme GFAT. To further investigate the correlation, after TBI exposure, zebrafish had been recovered 3 days in 0.1g/L glucosamine (GlcN) diluted in water. Under the treatment of GlcN, the inflammation level reduced significantly, indicated by the decrease of Nuclear factor-kappa B and Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in the telencephalon. TBI-induced downregulation of the cAMP signaling pathway and its relevant proteins in synaptic plasticity were rescued by GlcN. O-GlcNAc deficiency observed previously, as well as L/M capability were retrieved. GlcN also elevated the number of new cells regenerations and neuronal differentiation. As a result, regulation of brain O-GlcNAcylation may hold a potential role in TBI’s recuperation.

The extraction of lignocelluloses and silica from rice husk using a single biorefinery process and their characteristics

Ngoc Thuy Nguyen,Nhat Thong Tran,Tan Phat Phan,Anh Thu Nguyen,My Xuyen T. Nguyen,Nguyen Ngan Nguyen,Young Ho Ko,Dai Hai Nguyen,Tran T.T. Van,DongQuy Hoang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.108 No.-

While the efficient usage of biomass waste can significantly help in addressing environmental issues,there are only a few reports that discuss about processing such waste effectively at a low-cost. Such challengearises from the strong association between the components biomass. In this study, an abundantagricultural byproduct, rice husk (RH), was used as the starting resource. A simple biorefining processof alkaline peroxide treatment followed by acid precipitation and ethanol extraction was performed onRH to obtain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. The chemical structures, morphologies, andphysic-chemical properties of the separated components were identified through a wide range of characterizationapproaches. The final products obtained from of this process were (i) bundles of fiber-likecellulose with a fiber width of 6 mm and (ii) small particles of hemicellulose and lignin with nonuniformshapes. The lignocelluloses products had over 90 wt% carbon with 52.28% crystalline ratio. Meanwhile, the other products comprising hemicelluloses, lignin, and silica were amorphous. The outcomeof this study contributes to expanding and developing the simple and efficient conversion processof biomass waste into sustainable value-added materials. It is crucial to reduce the environmental impactby using renewable materials as the new building block resources for synthetic chemicals.

The Parallel Corpus Approach to Building the Syntactic Tree Transfer Set in the English-to-Vietnamese Machine Translation

Dinh Dien,Thuy Ngan,Xuan Quang,Chi Nam 대한전자공학회 2004 International Conference on Electronics, Informati Vol.2004 No.8

Zika Virus-Encoded NS2A and NS4A Strongly Downregulate NF-κB Promoter Activity

이정윤,Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan,명진종 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.11

Since Zika virus (ZIKV) was first detected in Uganda in 1947, serious outbreaks have occurred globally in Yap Island, French Polynesia and Brazil. Even though the number of infections and spread of ZIKV have risen sharply, the pathogenesis and replication mechanisms of ZIKV have not been well studied. ZIKV, a recently highlighted Flavivirus, is a mosquito-borne emerging virus causing microcephaly and the Guillain-Barre syndrome in fetuses and adults, respectively. ZIKV polyprotein consists of three structural proteins named C, prM and E and seven nonstructural proteins named NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 in an 11-kb single-stranded positive sense RNA genome. The function of individual ZIKV genes on the host innate immune response has barely been studied. In this study, we investigated the modulations of the NF-κB promoter activity induced by the MDA5/RIG-I signaling pathway. According to our results, two nonstructural proteins, NS2A and NS4A, dramatically suppressed the NF-κB promoter activity by inhibiting signaling factors involved in the MDA5/RIG-I signaling pathway. Interestingly, NS2A suppressed all components of MDA5/RIG-I signaling pathway, but NS4A inhibited most signaling molecules, except IKKε and IRF3-5D. In addition, both NS2A and NS4A downregulated MDA5-induced NF-κB promoter activity in a dosedependent manner. Taken together, our results suggest that NS2A and NS4A signifcantly antagonize MDA5/RIG-I-mediated NF-κB production, and these proteins seem to be controlled by different mechanisms. This study could help understand the mechanisms of how ZIKV controls innate immune responses and may also assist in the development of ZIKV-specific therapeutics.

The Impact of Capital Requirement on Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence from Vietnamese Commercial Banks

LE, Trung Hai,NGUYEN, Ngan Bich,NGUYEN, Duong Thuy Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.6

This paper examines the effects of regulatory capital on a bank's profitability and risk. We employ annual data from Vietnamese commercial banks from 2005 to 2020 and use the dynamic GMM regression method to address the potential endogeneity issue, more suitable for panel data with relatively low time dimensions. Our panel regressions indicate that higher regulatory capital would significantly improve the bank's profitability and lower the bank risks. In particular, a one percent increase in the regulatory capital would significantly increase the bank's return on assets by 1.9%. We further explore the heterogeneous impacts of regulatory capital on the Vietnamese bank's performance across bank characteristics. We find that smaller, non-state-owned and non-listed banks would benefit from stringent regulatory capital requirements. The improvements in bank performance are mainly driven by reductions in the risk premium of the banks, resulting in lower funding costs and higher profitability. These findings are essential since Vietnam, as an emerging market, has only implemented the Basel II reform recently on a stable and fast-growing background rather than as a reaction to the global financial crisis. Thus, our empirical results support stringent regulatory capital in emerging countries to ensure a stable banking sector and boost economic growth.

Anti-inflammatory and PPAR Subtypes Transactivational Activities of Phenolics and Lignans from the Stem Bark of Kalopanax pictus

Quang, Tran Hong,Ngan, Nguyen Thi Thanh,Minh, Chau Van,Kiem, Phan Van,Nhiem, Nguyen Xuan,Tai, Bui Huu,Thao, Nguyen Phuong,Luyen, Bui Thi Thuy,Song, Seok-Bean,Kim, Young-Ho Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.11

A new compound, kalopanaxin F (3), and 11 known compounds (1, 2, 4-12), were isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods. Five of the compounds (2, 3, 5, 6, and 12) significantly inhibited $TNF{\alpha}$-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 6.2 to 9.1 ${\mu}M$. Furthermore, the transcriptional inhibitory function of these compounds was confirmed based on decreases in COX-2 and iNOS gene expression in HepG2 cells. Compounds 3-7, 9, and 12 significantly activated the transcriptional activity of PPARs dose-dependently, with $EC_{50}$ values ranging from 4.1-$12.7{\mu}M$. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited $PPAR{\alpha}$, $PPAR{\gamma}$, and $PPAR{\beta}({\delta})$ transactivational activities in a dose-dependent manner, with $EC_{50}$ values of 16.0 and 17.0, 8.7 and 16.5, 26.2 and 26.3 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

Effect of nanostructured MoS2 morphology on the glucose sensing of electrochemical biosensors

Dinh Van Tuan,Dang Thi Thuy Ngan,Nguyen Thi Thuy,Hoang Lan,Nguyen Thi Nguyet,Vu Van Thu,Vuong-Pham Hung,Phuong Dinh Tam 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.9

In this study, the effects of the morphological characteristics of MoS2 nanomaterials on the glucose sensing of electrochemical biosensors were explored. Nanostructured MoS2 materials, including nanoparticles (NPs), nanoflowers (NFs), and nanoplatelets (NPLs), were prepared via a simple hydrothermal method. The structure and morphological characteristics of MoS2 nanomaterials were examined through X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical properties were analyzed through cyclic voltammetry. Results showed that the obtained sensitivity was 64, 68.7, and 77.6 μAmM 1 cm 2 for MoS2 NP-, MoS2 NF-, and MoS2 NPL-based biosensors, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of all MoS2-based glucose biosensors was 0.081 mM. In addition, the pH, temperature, glucose oxidase (GOx) concentration, reproducibility, specificity, and stability of glucose biosensors with different MoS2 morphologies were also investigated and indicated the oxidation current response of the MoS2 NPL-based glucose biosensor was higher than that of MoS2 NF- and NP-based biosensors.