QoS를 보장하기 위한 DiffServ-MPLS 연동 기법

정경택,한철민,김남희,정동수 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

In an IP network, various types of traffics are statistically multiplexed to utilize efficiently the network resources.The DiffServ-MPLS supports a wide variety of communication services with different QoS requirements. The DiffServ-MPLS based on QoS architecture had become one of the most promising ways to guarantee QoS Multi-service IP network. But how to manage IP network with QoS guarantee is still an open issue. In this paper, we propose DiffServ-MPLS buffer management technique using the specified policing, queuing, and scheduling.

[논문]지진격리교량의 내진설계를 위한 표준 인공지진파 생성

김남식,김재민,이계희,강형택 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2007 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.66 No.-

본 연구에서는 지진격리교량의 내진설계에 사용할 수 있는 인공지진파의 생성기법을 제시하였다. 또한,생성한 지진파가 적절한지 조사하였으며,지진격리교량의 내진설계기준(안)을 토대로 인공지진파 작성을 수행하였다. 설계지반응답스펙트럼을 만족시키기 위하여 22개의 가속도시간이력을 작성하였다. 얻어진 인공지진파는 (1) 통제진동수에서 인공지진파의 평균응답스펙트럼 평가, (2) EPGA(유효최대지반가속도) 평가,(3) 인공지반가속도 사이의 상관계수 평가, 동으로 적합성을 평가하였다. 최종적으로 생성된 인공지진파를 이용하여 4쌍의 지진파를 사용한 최대응답과 7쌍의 지진파를 사용한 평균 응답을 계산하여 제안된 인공지진파 시간이력의 타당성을 제시하였다.

우리나라 상차림의 영양적 평가

김영순,이정희,오순덕,김수현,이정민,남택수,박태식,천유정 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2002 保健科學論集 Vol.28 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the current nutritional problems owing to the increased consumption of westernized food in Korea and also was conducted to compare the nutritional characteristics of Korean traditional meal with those of the Western diet in similar serving size. The results obtained from nutritional evaluation are as follows: 1. The percentage of calories represented by carbohydrate: lipid: protein was 65:15:20 respectively for Korean traditional meal (Table setting of 3 Chop) therefore these ratios meet the dietary recommended allowances for Koreans. 2. Nutrient values of Korean traditional 3-Chop were shown to be better balanced than those of Western diet when the nutrients of the two types of diet were estimated by similar serving sizes and calories. 3. Compared to the Korean traditional meal, most fast foods were nutritionally imbalanced especially in that most of them showed higher amounts of fats. These results show that Korean traditional meals supply ideal nutrient intakes in contrasts to the westernized diet, therefore much work remains in developing a variety of menus and standard recipes for Korean traditional meals according to the changes in diet trends as well as emphasing the importance of Korean traditional meals as part of an ideal, well-banlanced diet.

Ex Vivo Live Full-Thickness Porcine Skin Model as a Versatile In Vitro Testing Method for Skin Barrier Research

( Jee-hyun Hwang ),( Haengdueng Jeong ),( Nahyun Lee ),( Sumin Hur ),( Nakyum Lee ),( Jeong Jun Han ),( Hye Won Jang ),( Wang Keun Choi ),( Ki Taek Nam ),( Kyung-min Lim ) 한국피부장벽학회 2021 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and skin barrier-improving effects of hydroxyacids widely used in cosmetics for keratolytic peels. Glycolic acid (1-10%), salicylic acid (0.2-2%), and lactobionic acid (1.2-12%) were used as representative substances for α-hydroxyacid (AHA), β-hydroxyacid (BHA), and polyhydroxyacid (PHA), respectively. When hydroxyacids were applied at high concentrations on the porcine skin every other day for 6 days, tissue viability was reduced to 50-80%, suggesting that the toxicity of cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated with this model. Based on tissue viability, the treatment scheme was changed to a single exposure for 20 min. The protective effects of a single exposure of hydroxyacids on skin barrier function were evaluated by examining rhodamine permeability and epidermal structural components of barrier function using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Lactobionic acid (PHAs) improved skin barrier function most compared to other AHAs and BHAs. Most importantly, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an important functional marker of skin barrier function, could be measured with this model, which confirmed the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs. Collectively, we demonstrated that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model can be an excellent alternative to animal experiments for skin studies on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients. Funding: This study was funded by the Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (Grant no. HP20C0061).

Comparative Analysis of the Patients with Spontaneous Thalamic Hemorrhage with Concurrent Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Those without Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Nam Taek Min,Jang Ji Hwan,Kim Seung Hwan,Kim Kyu Hong,Kim Young Zoon 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.1

Background: This study aimed to compare the characteristics of patients with spontaneous thalamic hemorrhage (STH) accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) with those of patients without IVH. Methods: The medical records of consecutive patients with STH admitted to our institute between January 2000 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The laboratory and radiological results, mortality, and functional recovery were compared between the STH patients with IVH and those without IVH. Results: Among 2,389 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, 233 (9.8%) patients were included in this study. Concurrent IVH was detected in 159 (68.2%) patients with STH, and more frequently in those with body mass index ≥ 25, Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3–8, underlying disease, family history of stoke, posterior/medial/global location of hematoma, ventriculomegaly, large volume of hemorrhage, and midline shift ≥ 5 mm. The 3-month mortality was 25.8% and 8.1% (P = 0.039), the rate of good functional recovery at 6 months was 52.2% and 31.0% (P = 0.040), and incidence of delayed normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) at 12 months was 10.8% and 24.5% (P = 0.062) in the STH patients with IVH and those without IVH, respectively. At 12 months, delayed NPH developed in 28 of 47 (59.6%) patients who received external ventricular drainage (EVD)-based treatment, 5 of 45 (11.1%) patients who underwent endoscopic evacuation-based treatment, and 8 of 45 (17.8%) patients who underwent other surgeries. Conclusion: Concurrent IVH is strongly associated with mortality in patients with STH. Delayed NPH may develop more frequently in STH patients with IVH who were treated with EVD.

Clostridium difficile Toxin A Inhibits Erythropoietin Receptor-Mediated Colonocyte Focal Adhesion Through Inactivation of Janus Kinase-2

( Nam Seung Taek ),( Heon Seok ),( Dae Hong Kim ),( Hyo Jung Nam ),( Jin Ku Kang ),( Jang Hyun Eom ),( Min Bum Lee ),( Sung Kuk Kim ),( Mi Jung Park ),( Jong Soo Chang ),( Eun Mi Ha ),( Ko Eun Shong ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.12

Previously, we demonstrated that the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) is present on fibroblasts, where it regulates focal contact. Here, we assessed whether this action of EpoR is involved in the reduced cell adhesion observed in colonocytes exposed to Clostridium difficile toxin A. EpoR was present and functionally active in cells of the human colonic epithelial cell line HT29 and epithelial cells of human colon tissues. Toxin A significantly decreased activating phosphorylations of EpoR and its downstream signaling molecules JAK-2 (Janus kinase 2) and STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5). In vitro kinase assays confirmed that toxin A inhibited JAK 2 kinase activity. Pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 (with AG490) abrogated activating phosphorylations of EpoR and also decreased focal contacts in association with inactivation of paxillin, an essential focal adhesion molecule. In addition, AG490 treatment significantly decreased expression of occludin (a tight junction molecule) and tight junction levels. Taken together, these data suggest that inhibition of JAK2 by toxin A in colonocytes causes inactivation of EpoR, thereby enhancing the inhibition of focal contact formation and loss of tight junctions known to be associated with the enzymatic activity of toxin A.

JQ1, a BET inhibitor, controls TLR4-induced IL-10 production in regulatory B cells by BRD4-NF-κB axis

( Min Bum Lee ),( Jun-ho Lee ),( Seong Hwi Hong ),( Jueng Soo You ),( Seung Taek Nam ),( Hyun Woo Kim ),( Young Hwan Park ),( Dajeong Lee ),( Keun Young Min ),( Yeong-min Park ),( Young Mi Kim ),( Hyu 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.12

Regulatory B cells, also well-known as IL-10-producing B cells, play a role in the suppression of inflammatory responses. However, the epigenetic modulation of regulatory B cells is largely unknown. Recent studies showed that the bromodo-main and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein inhibitor JQ1 controls the expression of various genes involving cell pro-liferation and cell cycle. However, the role of BET proteins on development of regulatory B cells is not reported. In this study, JQ1 potently suppressed IL-10 expression and secretion in murine splenic and peritoneal B cells. While bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) was associated with NF-κB on IL-10 promoter region by LPS stimulation, JQ1 interfered the interaction of BRD4 with NF-κB on IL-10 promoter. In summary, BRD4 is essential for toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated IL-10 expression, suggesting JQ1 could be a potential candidate in regulating IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in cancer. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(12): 640-646]

Role of a Burr Hole and Calvarial Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in the Ischemic Rat Brain : A Possible Mechanism for the Efficacy of Multiple Burr Hole Surgery in Moyamoya Disease

Nam, Taek-kyun,Park, Seung-won,Park, Yong-sook,Kwon, Jeong-taik,Min, Byung-kook,Hwang, Sung-nam The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2015 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.46 No.6

Objective : This study investigates the role of a burr hole and calvarial bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in a transient ischemic brain injury model in the rat and postulates a possible mechanism for the efficacy of multiple cranial burr hole (MCBH) surgery in moyamoya disease (MMD). Methods : Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats (250 g, male) were divided into four groups : normal control group (n=5), burr hole group (n=5), ischemia group (n=5), and ischemia+burr hole group (n=5). Focal ischemia was induced by the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At one week after the ischemic injury, a 2 mm-sized cranial burr hole with small cortical incision was made on the ipsilateral (left) parietal area. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, 2 times a day for 6 days after the burr hole trephination. At one week after the burr hole trephination, brains were harvested. Immunohistochemical stainings for BrdU, CD34, VEGF, and Doublecortin and Nestin were done. Results : In the ischemia+burr hole group, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), and Doublecortin (+) cells were found in the cortical incision site below the burr hole. A number of cells with Nestin (+) or VEGF (+) were found in the cerebral parenchyma around the cortical incision site. In the other groups, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), Doublecortin (+), and Nestin (+) cells were not detected in the corresponding area. These findings suggest that BrdU (+) and CD34 (+) cells are bone marrow-derived stem cells, which may be derived from the calvarial bone marrow through the burr hole. The existence of CD34 (+) and VEGF (+) cells indicates increased angiogenesis, while the existence of Doublecortin (+), Nestin (+) cells indicates increased neurogenesis. Conclusion : Based on these findings, the BMSCs through burr holes seem to play an important role for the therapeutic effect of the MCBH surgery in MMD.

Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage after Lumbar Spinal Surgery

Nam, Taek-Kyun,Park, Seung-Won,Min, Byung-Kook,Hwang, Sung-Nam The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.46 No.5

Remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) is rare but potentially lethal as a complication of spinal surgery. We recently experienced a case of RCH in a 61-year-old man who showed mental deterioration after lumbar spinal surgery. There was dural tearing with subsequent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) loss during the surgery. Brain computed tomography scan revealed cerebellar hemorrhage, 3rd and 4th ventricular hemorrhage and pneumocephalus. He underwent suboccipital craniectomy and hematoma removal. The most important pathomechanism leading to RCH after spinal surgery has been known to be venous bleeding due to caudal sagging of cerebellum by rapid leak of large amount of CSF which seems to be related with this case. Dural repair and minimizing CSF loss after intraoperative dural tearing would be helpful to prevent postoperative RCH.

A Meta-analysis for Evaluating Efficacy of Neuroendoscopic Surgery versus Craniotomy for Supratentorial Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Taek Min Nam,Young Zoon Kim 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2019 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.21 No.1

Objective : Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is a potentially life-threatening neurological deficit with the highest morbidity and mortality. In recent years, neuroendoscopy has been used to treat intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs). However, the choice of neuroendoscopic surgery or craniotomy for patients with ICHs is controversial. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of neuroendoscopic surgery compared to craniotomy in patients with supratentorial hypertensive ICH. Materials and Methods : A systematic electronic search was performed using online electronic databases such as Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library updated on December 2017. The meta-analysis was performed by only including studies designed as randomized controlled trials. Results : Three randomized controlled trials met our inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis of death showed that neuroendoscopic surgery decreased the rate of death compared to craniotomy (RR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.26-1.29; P=0.18). Pooled results of complications showed that neuroendoscopic surgery tended to have fewer complications than craniotomy had (RR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.28-0.49; P < 0.0001). Conclusions : Although the presenting analyses suggest that neuroendoscopic surgery should have fewer complications than craniotomy dose, it had no superior advantage in morbidity rate definitely. Therefore, it may be necessary for the neurosurgeons to select best optimal patients for individual treatment.